102 research outputs found
Industrial Clusters Promotion as a tool for private sector development: The UNIDO experience in Ethiopia
No full textPolicies aimed at boosting the interaction and cooperation of economic actors in industrial clusters
might represent a crucial strategy for industrial upgrading and development in poor countries. This
policy brief discusses some recent industrial cluster programmes carried out by UNIDO in Ethiopia
and highlights the main advantages of cluster policies and the lessons learned
Organisering av ekonomiskt bistånd – Perspektiv på en integrerad och en specialiserad kommun
No full textAuthor: Merima Colak Title: Organization of financial assistance - Perspective on an integrated and a specialized municipality [translated title] Supervisor: Håkan Johansson Assessor: Staffan Blomberg The purpose of this study was to examine how specialized and integrated social services manage their social assistance. In addition to this the aim was to examine how social workers and officials working within these two forms of organizations experience discretion. Furthermore, a goal of this paper was also to examine if the social workers felt that any of these two organizational forms had any impact on the workload and how that in such case manifested. The study was conducted through a qualitative research method. Six social workers and officials were interviewed for the study. The results from the study demonstrated that the employees in the integrated organization had more general work tasks and that those in the specialized organization had their tasks divided on different units that were more specialized. Findings also showed that employees in each municipality interpret discretion differently. The social workers from the integrated organization interpreted discretion in terms of being able to affect their client’s case. The social workers from the specialized organization, on the other hand, defined discretion as being able to influence their own daily work tasks. Conclusively, the study showed that workload exists in both municipalities and that it was manageable in each of the municipalities, the workload was however higher in the specialized one but it was no burden on the employees in neither the specialized nor the integrated. Key words: Discretion, organizational structure, integrated and specialized organizations, social assistance, workload. Key words: handlingsutrymme, organisationsstruktur, integrerade och specialiserade organisationer, ekonomiskt bistånd, arbetsbelastning
Strategic grain reserves in Ethiopia: Institutional design and operational performance
No full textHolding strategic grain reserves to address food price hikes has received renewed attentions in recent years. This paper examines such a program in Ethiopia that has been successful in addressing several emergencies since the 1990s. The analysis suggests that the key ingredients behind the success are a unique institutional design, coordination during emergencies with food-based safety net programs, and keeping the grain stocks to a minimum. Institutional design is unique because, unlike similar agencies in other countries, Ethiopia's Emergency Food Security Reserve Administration (EFSRA) is independent of price stabilization and hence is not engaged in buying and selling of grain. The paper also demonstrates that scaling up school feeding programs will generate additional food demand and an effective outlet for stock rotation; and that increasing the stock level for price stabilization will adversely affect both grain markets and the performance of the EFSRA.strategic grain reserves, agricultural price policies, safety net programs,
Using a spatial growth model to provide evidence of agricultural spillovers between countries in the NEPAD CAADP Framework:
No full textThe NEPAD Comprehensive Africa Agriculture Development Programme (CAADP) has been endorsed by African Heads of State and Governments as a vision for the restoration of agricultural growth, food security, and rural development in Africa. The program aims at stimulating agriculture-led development to alleviate poverty and hunger, and achieve sustainable food security. The creation of a union is often rationalized on grounds of moving the equilibrium toward the first best solution whenever independent policies generate spillovers. This arises as a common agenda can significantly reduce the scope of free-riding behavior among member countries. In addition, cross-border externalities arising out of higher levels of market integration entails countries to agree on policy coordination. Using a Spatial Durbin Model for panel data, the present study explores the extent and magnitude of agricultural production spillover that might validate the adoption of CAADP agenda among African countries, especially among Sub-Saharan African countries. Overall, our results suggest the presence of positive and significant agricultural production spillover. No evidence of beggar-thy-neighbor or negative spillover policies was found; on average, each country received 2.5 percent growth as a result of spillover. Finally, our results suggest that convergence dynamics is much stronger when spillover is accounted for which provides a rationale for a common agenda such as CAADP.Agriculture, CAADP, Convergence, Growth, production, spatial model, Spillover,
UGOSTITELJSKO TURISTIČKA PONUDA FEDERACIJE BOSNE I HERCEGOVINE, STANJE I MOGUĆNOSTI
No full textAutorica razrađuje tezu po kojoj turistički resursi kao i turističko-ugostiteljska djelatnost, ukomponirani u turističku ponudu, mogu doprinijeti poboljšanju ekonomskog stanja u smislu otvaranja novih radnih mjesta. Turizam, kao izuzetno heterogena djelatnost, u uskoj je sprezi sa drugim djelatnostima poput saobraćaja, trgovine, poljoprivrede i drugih, ali u ovom radu bit će razmatran samo direktni uticaj ugostiteljsko turističke djelatnosti u smislu statističke
klasifikacijske djelatnosti hotelijerstvo i ugostiteljstvo. Ovakvim pristupom želi se ukazati na izuzetnu važnost praćenja turističkog prometa, posebno u segmentu uticaja i odnosa uposlenih kao zavisne varijable , broja dolazaka i noćenja turista, ostvarenog prometa i ležaja, kao nezavisnih varijabli. Rezultati istraživanja i analiza podataka će dati model koji će omogućiti uočavanje koje varijable imaju jak intenzitet na poboljšanje broja uposlenih u oblasti turizma
THE STUDY OF ETHICAL BEHAVIOUR AND VALUES OF ACCOUNTANTS IN BOSNIA AND HERCEGOVINA
No full textEtika? Samo filozofska disciplina, ki se ukvarja s človekovim hotenjem in ravnanjem, ali nekaj, vsajeno globoko v nas, brez česa ljudje izgubljajo osebnost, ugled, položajkakor v družini, tako tudi v poslovnem svetu? Nekaj zelo pomembnega, brez česa ljudje ne moremo bitji ljudje, ali nekaj sploh nepomembnega, česar se ne zavedamo, niti ne potrebujemo?
Etika je vsakdanja tematika človekovega življenja, s katero se nezavestno srečujemo od začetka našega življenja pa skozi vse naše odraščanje in tudi v poslovnem svetu. Je pojem, ki je nujno potreben v naši podzavesti, saj drugače prihaja do velike izgube, do škandalov in dilem, iz katerih se potem človek zelo težko izvleče.
Resnica je, da je etika del človekovega in tudi podjetnikovega življenja, vprašanje je samo, kako se odzivamo na njeno uveljavljanje. Posebej v poslovnem svetu. Mogoče se nam zdi, da je etika sploh nekaj nepomembnega poleg vse moči in položajev, ki jih ljudje v tem svetu imajo, ampak resnica je, da poslovni svet sploh ne bi obstajal brez etike. Potem se lahko vprašamo, ali se sploh zavedamo nujnosti etike v poslovnem svetu in tudi v našem življenju? Ali nam je mar, če ljudje zavestno lažemo ali odraščamo v svetu resnice in poštenosti? Ali lahko verjamemo drug drugemu, če etiki ne pripisujemo pomembnosti, katero potrebuje?
Pomembno je, da se zavedamo, da živimo v organizaciji, v kateri sam človek zmore malo, v sodelovanju z drugimi pa naredi veliko. Enako velja tudi za poslovni svet, v katerem ena organizacija ali podjetje samo ne more narediti veliko. Da bi lahko sodelovali, potrebujemo zaupanje, poštenost, verodostojnost ali pa, povedano drugače, etiko v zavesti vsakega človeka.
Računovodstvo je zelo pomemben del poslovnega sveta, v katerem je etika tako rekoč ključnega pomena za to, da lahko računovodja dolgoročno deluje in pridobi zaupanje tako notranjih udeležencev podjetja kot zunanjih uporabnikov, saj le-ti vsebujejo informacije, ki so ključne za veliko ljudi. Če te niso resnične in poštene, lahko naredijo veliko škode. Vprašanje je, ali se računovodje tega sploh zavedajo v svojem poklicu? Ali se zavedajo pomena osebne etike in profesionalne etike v svojem delovanju, pa tudi same vloge računovodje v podjetju?
Na ta vprašanja bomo poskusili odgovoriti v diplomskem seminarju, saj menim, da se vsak človek, še posebej računovodja, mora zavedati in poznati pomen etike v svojem poklicu. Tudi, če deluje drugače, mora biti seznanjen s tem, kaj prinašajo neetične odločitve ter da je dolgoročni uspeh za vsakega človeka, računovodjo, podjetje, da ravna po moralno-etični plati, tudi, če je to daljša pot do zaslužka, tudi, če se znajdemo v situaciji, za katero menimo, da je vanjo nujno potrebno poseči z neetičnimi odločitvami.Ethics? Is it just a philosophical discipline engaged in human volition and human behavior, or is it something deeply implanted in us and something that makes people loose personality, reputation, family status and business world? Something very important, what make us human beings, or something insignificant, which we are not aware of and we do not need?
Ethics is everyday topic of human life that we are subconsciously encountering from the beginning of our lives, through our growing up and in the business world too. It is a concept that is necessary in our subconsciousness and without it we can face big loss, scandals and dilemmas from which is then very hard to get out.
It is the fact that ethics is a part of human and entrepreneur life, but the question is how do we respond on its implementation. Especially in the business world it may appear that ethics is something unimportant in addition to all the power and positions of people in this world, but the truth is that business world would not even exists without ethics. That raises the question if we are aware of ethics necessity in the business world and our lives too? Do we care if people knowingly lie or if we are growing up in the world of truth and honesty? If we don\u27t care about ethics can we believe each other ?
It is important to be aware that we live in society in which one man can do a little, on the other hand in cooperation with others a lot can be done. The same applies to the business world in which one organization or company alone can do nothing. To cooperate with other we need: trust, honesty, credibility or in other word we need ethics in the consciousness of every man.
Accounting is a very important part of the business world in which ethics is so to speak crucial, so that accountant could do long-term work and gain trust of both internal and external users, because they contains information that are crucial for a lot of people and if they are not true they can do a lot of damage. The question is if accountants are aware of that in their profession? Are they aware of the meaning of personal and professional ethics and their role as accountants in the enterprise?
In this graduate seminar we will try to answer those questions, because I think that every person, especially accountant, must be aware and must know the meaning of ethics in his profession, and even if he behaves in different way one must be informed what does unethical decisions brings with themselves and that is a the long-term success of every human, accountant, company to act in his/her moral-ethics way, even if that way is longer way to profit, and even if we find ourselves in situation in which we think it is necessary to reach for unethical decisions
Dynamic informative advertising of new experience goods:
No full textAdvertising, experience goods, Learning, monopoly, private information,
Government's role in cluster development for MSEs: Lessons from Ethiopia
No full textCluster development programs have become increasingly widespread tools in fostering innovation and growth of a competitive private sector in developing countries, including Ethiopia. As part of the MSE Development Strategy of the Government of Ethiopia, industrial clusters are considered as the main tool for spurring income and employment growth among micro- and small-scale enterprises. The purpose of this study is to analyze government’s interventions in cluster development in Ethiopia and discuss some of the concerning issues regarding these interventions. The study summarizes experience of cluster development policies in the past, analyzes the challenges and provides possible areas of government action to strengthen clusters
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