186,170 research outputs found
Impact of Climate Change on the Santos Harbor, Sao Paulo State (Brazil)
No full textSantos Harbor Area (SHA) in Sao Paulo Coastline (Brazil) is the most important marine cargo transfer terminal in the Southern Hemisphere. A long term relative tidal level variability assessment shows a consistent response to relative sea level rise. A wave data base Wave Watch III was compared with a long term wave data‐base generated by the ERA40‐ECMWF (2003), both local validated. The current bed level of SHA
Outer Channel is ‐15.00 m (Chart Datum or, in abbreviation, CD), maintained by dredging. According to the cargo throughput forecast, in 2025, the Access Channel will have to be deepened to level of ‐17.00 m. The feasibility of that choice is discussed from a technical, economical and conceptual navigation point of view in that context. A data set found from a scale model of the whole area of Santos Bay, Estuary and nearby beaches,
showed the impact of maritime climate changes upon the coastal area. In the previous researches developed by the authors, it was demonstrated that the wave climate, the tides and tidal currents affect harbor and coastal structures maintenance, beaches stability, tidal inlet, sediment transport, saline intrusion and wetlands.
Considering the increasing of the sea hazards and the high values of the infrastructures in that coastline, it is necessary to mitigate the risks. Hence, based on the results obtained by the authors, are highlighted guidelines strategies suggested for Access Channels dimensions, wharves free‐board, jetties dimensions, dredging rates, rigid and flexible littoral defenses and land protection against flooding (including wetlands)
Coastal Area Prone to Extreme Flood and Erosion Events Induced by Climate Changes: Study Case of Juqueriquere River Bar Navigation, Caraguatatuba (Sao Paulo State), Brazil
No full textExtreme Events Assessment Methodology Coupling Rainfall and Tidal Levels in the Coastal Flood Plain of the Sao Paulo North Coast (Brazil) for Engineering Projects Purposes
No full textThe North Coastal Region of the State of São Paulo, which comprises the Municipalities of Caraguatatuba, São Sebastião, Ilhabela and Ubatuba, is one of the most prone to flooding Brazilian areas, owing to hydrological extreme rainfall events usually coupled with extreme tidal levels. This risk is also high due to human lives and material assets, with increasing population rates and the settling of large Companies such as the Oil industry, with reduced defense measures and works. The catastrophic scenario of the city of Caraguatatuba, in March of 1967, resulted from one of the most serious natural disasters in Brazil, fosters discussions about probabilities of rainfall events and rise in the sea level in coastal areas. Hence, this research is a consequence of this reality. The research presented is founded on an innovative methodology based on the analysis of past data of rainfall stations and tidal stations in the region of the North coastal zone of the State of São Paulo (Brazil). The analysis developed approached the meteorological, hydraulic and statistical knowledge areas. Practical results were used for designing macro-drainage, fluvial and maritime projects, that associate the probability of occurrence of certain types of rainfall coupled with their corresponding increase in tidal level
Impacts of climate change on management policy of the harbors, land areas and wetlands in the Sao Paolo State Coastline (Brazil).
No full textSantos harbor and São Sebastião Oil Maritime Terminal are the most important oil and gas facility in the São
Paulo State Coastline. Santosharbor had, in the last decade, increased rapidly the container handling rate, being
the first in Latin America. Santos Metropolitan Region is one of the most important of Brazilian Coastline, also
considering the tourism. For that great economic growth scenario it is very important to have wave climate and tidal
levels well known considering the sea hazards influence in ship operations.
Since the hind-cast just represents the deep water wave climate, to make time-series of the wave’s parameters
in coastal waters, for evaluation of sea hazards and ship operations, it is necessary to take into account the variations
of those parameters in shallow waters with coastal instrumental data. Analysis of long term wave data-base (1957-
2002) generated by a comparison between wave’s data modeled by a “deep water model” (ERA40-ECMWF) and
measured wave’s data in the years 1982-1984 by a coastal buoy in Santos littoral (São Paulo State, Brazil) was
made. Validation checking procedures with instrumental measurements of storm surges made in other years than
1982-1984 shows high level of confidence.
These data, obtained from the climatological analysis compared with a data set found from a scale model of the
whole area of Santos Bay, Estuary and nearby beaches (Brazil), showed the impact of maritime climate changes,
wave climate and tides upon harbor and coastal structures maintenance, beaches stability, tidal inlet saline intrusion
and wetlands flooding.
In the same time, the complex environmental system, that characterized the area included between Santos and
Caraguatatuba, generates different natural hazard event affecting the maritime activity. A comparative study about
the coastal flooding (Santos area) and the fluvial flooding (Juqueriquerê river) was conducted. An analysis about the
sea level rise, the wave climate and the flooding risk as well as the sediment transport was developed.
Considering the increasing of the sea hazards, the high values of the facilities and infrastructures in São Paulo
State Coastline, it is necessary to mitigate the risks from the point of view of the harbor and coastal structures
maintenance and projects purposes increasing defenses procedures. Hence, based on the results obtained by the
Authors in previous researches, are highlighted guidelines strategies suggested for Access Channels dimensions,
wharves free-board, jetties and breakwaters dimensions, dredging rates, rigid and flexible littoral defenses, saline
intrusion and land protection against flooding (including wetlands)
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Wave and tidal level analysis, maritime climate change, navigation's strategy and impact on the coastal defences - Study case of Sao Paulo State Coastline Harbour Areas (Brazil)
No full textPubblicato su "Geophysical Research Abstract
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Coastal Area Prone to Extreme Flood and Erosion Events Induced by Climate Changes: Study Case of Juqueriquere River Bar Navigation, Caraguatatuba (Sao Paulo State), Brazil
No full textAppropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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