1,720,957 research outputs found
The Role of Methylation as an Epigenetic Marker in HPV‐Related Oral Lesions
Full text linkOral and oropharyngeal cancers, caused by persistent human papillomavirus (HPV), have recently increased. Diagnosticmethods often fail to assess precancerous lesion risk, delaying oral cancer diagnosis. New molecular biomarkers, particularlyDNA methylation, are sought to better stratify patients' risk. The PreCursor‐M+ (Fujirebio, Tokyo, Japan), which analyzehypermethylation of the two onco‐suppressor FAM19A4 and miR124‐2 in cervical samples from high‐risk HPV‐positive women,was used to assess the methylation level of 111 oral samples distinguished in oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC), oralpotentially malignant disorders (OPMD) benign lesions (BL), and no lesions (NL). HPV was detected by INNO‐LiPA HPVGenotyping Extra II (Fujirebio, Tokyo, Japan). Hypermethylation was correlated with the severity of the diagnosis. A positiveresult was more common in OSCC (p < 0.0001). HPV positivity correlated with hypermethylation in OSCCs (32.4%, p = 0.0006),although statistical significance was also found in HPV‐negatives (p = 0.0007). HPV16‐positive OSCC showed higher methyl-ation. Targets' methylation increased from the NL to the BL, OPMD and OSCCs groups. The methylation status of FAM19A4and miR‐124‐2 may play an important role in the progression of oral cancer and, consequently, in determining the prognosis ofpatients with OPMD, for whom hypermethylation would suggest the need for close monitoring. Furthermore, HPV16's asso-ciation with hypermethylation suggests its involvement in oral carcinogenesis. To confirm these results and gain further insightinto HPV's role in methylation impairment, the sample size will be increase
Drug repositioning screening identifies etravirine as a potential therapeutic for friedreich’s ataxia
No full textFriedreich Ataxia (FRDA) is an autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia caused by mutation of the FXN gene, resulting in decreased frataxin expression, mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Currently, no treatment is available for FRDA patients. Since levels of residual frataxin critically affect disease severity, the main goal of a specific therapy for FRDA is to increase frataxin levels. With the aim to accelerate the development of a new therapy for FRDA, we took a drug repositioning approach to identify marketavailable drugs able to increase frataxin levels. Using a cell-based reporter assay to monitor variation in frataxin amount, we performed a high-throughput screening of a library containing 853 FDA-approved drugs. Among the potentially interesting candidates isolated from the screening, we focused our attention on etravirine, an antiviral drug currently in use as an anti-HIV therapy. Here we show that etravirine can promote a significant increase in frataxin levels in cells derived from FRDA patients, by enhancing frataxin mRNA translation. Importantly, frataxin accumulation in treated patient cell lines is comparable to frataxin levels in unaffected carrier cells suggesting that etravirine could be therapeutically relevant. Indeed, etravirine treatment restores the activity of the iron-sulphur cluster containing enzyme aconitase and confers resistance to oxidative stress in cells derived from FRDA patients. Considering its excellent safety profile along with its ability to increase frataxin levels and correct some of the disease-related defects, etravirine represents a promising candidate as a therapeutic for FRDA
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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