1,721,141 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Structures cohérentes de la MHD aux échelles sub-ioniques dans le vent solaire turbulent
No full textLa turbulence est un processus non linéaire de transfert d'énergie à plusieurs échelles dans un fluide. Le vent solaire est un exemple de plasma turbulent que l'on peut étudier grâce à des mesures effectuées in situ par des engins spatiaux. Les fluctuations du vent solaire sont très irrégulières et chaotiques. Des structures cohérentes de grande amplitude, localisées dans l'espace, sont présentes au-dessus d'un fond de fluctuations incohérentes. Dans cette thèse, nous apportons de nouvelles connaissances sur les propriétés des structures cohérentes dans le vent solaire à une distance proche du Soleil (0.17 au). Nous confirmons, avec les données de la sonde Parker Solar Probe (PSP), que des structures cohérentes sont présentes non seulement aux échelles MHD et ioniques, mais aussi aux échelles sub-ioniques. Nous avons pu identifier ces structures grâce à la transformée en ondelettes de Morlet. Pour la première fois, nous appliquons une analyse multi-échelle dans l'espace physique depuis les échelles MHD jusqu'aux échelles sub-ioniques. En utilisant les profils temporels du plasma et du champ magnétique, nous analysons plusieurs événements en détail. L'amplitude des structures cohérentes aux échelles MHD est élevée, comparable en magnitude au champ magnétique moyen local. Nous montrons des exemples de structures cohérentes MHD, telles que des nappes de courant et des vortex d'Alfvén. Certaines structures cohérentes MHD sont situées à l'intérieur des switchbacks ou à leurs frontières. Les structures MHD contiennent un certain nombre de sous-structures aux échelles ioniques et sub-ioniques. Ces structures ont un profil de champ magnétique typique d’un vortex d'Alfvén incompressible (à l'échelles cinétique des ions) et d’un vortex compressible (aux échelles sub-ioniques). Nous avons également étudié la fragmentation des structures cohérentes, montrant que les événements intermittents isolés aux petites échelles sont plus nombreux, tandis que le facteur de remplissage diminue de 12 % aux échelles MHD à 7 % aux échelles ioniques et 6 % aux échelles sub-ioniques. Un autre point important de cette thèse est une contribution à notre compréhension des vortex d'Alfvén. Nous avons affiné la dérivation d'un modèle de vortex d'Alfvén en fournissant une discussion détaillée des hypothèses. Nous généralisons également le modèle pour décrire les vortex d'Alfvén multipolaires. Enfin, nous expliquons comment les vortex multipolaires, décrits par des modes d'ordre différent, peuvent être superposés. Cela permet d'obtenir des solutions plus générales pour les vortex d'Alfvén que celles obtenues précédemment. Enfin, nous proposons une nouvelle méthode de classification des structures cohérentes dans le vent solaire. Cette méthode implique la comparaison statistique des structures observées avec les attentes des modèles. Les résultats obtenus avec les données PSP sont principalement cohérents avec le croisement par PSP du modèle de vortex d'Alfvén. Seule une petite fraction des structures correspond à des nappes de courant et à des trous magnétiques, contrairement aux résultats précédents obtenus avec une classification visuelle. Les résultats présentés dans cette thèse ouvrent une nouvelle fenêtre d'analyse de la turbulence en montrant l'importance des vortex d'Alfvén de la MHD jusqu'aux échelles du sub-ioniques. Il sera important d'étendre cette étude à différents types de vents et à différentes distances solaires, en particulier pour contraindre la façon dont ces vortex sont créés et comment ils évoluent dans le vent solaire. L'extension de l'analyse à des fréquences plus élevées fournira également l'information sur leur dissipation aux échelles électroniques, et donc sur leur contribution au chauffage du vent solaire.Turbulence is a nonlinear process of cross-scale energy transfer in a fluid. The solar wind is an example of a turbulent plasma available for investigation owing to in-situ spacecraft measurements. Solar wind fluctuations are highly irregular and chaotic. Above an incoherent background fluctuations high-amplitude coherent structures, localized in space, are present. In this thesis we brought a piece of a new knowledge about the properties of coherent structures in the solar wind at close distance from the Sun (0.17 au). We confirm, with Parker Solar Probe (PSP) data, that coherent structures are present not only at MHD and ion scales, but also at sub-ion scales. We could identify these structures thanks to Morlet wavelet transform. For the first time, we apply a multi-scale analysis in physical space from MHD down to sub-ion scales. Using plasma and magnetic field time profiles, we analyze several events in details. The amplitude of MHD scale coherent structures is high, comparable in magnitude with the local mean magnetic field. We show examples of MHD coherent structures with different geometries, such as current sheets and Alfvén vortices. Some of MHD coherent structures are located within switchbacks or their boundaries. MHD structures contain a number of embedded substructures at ion and sub-ion scales. The latter have smaller amplitudes and are not seen in the raw data, but can be observed after filtration in frequencies and zooming in time. These structures have a typical magnetic field profiles representing an incompressible Alfvén vortex at ion scales and compressible vortex at sub-ion scales. We also study the fragmentation of coherent structures, showing that the number of isolated intermittent events is larger at smaller scales, while the filling factor decrease from 12% at MHD scales to 7% at ion and 6% sub-ion scales. Another important point of this thesis is a contribution to our understanding of Alfvén vortices. We refined the derivation of an Alfvén vortex model by providing detailed discussion of the underlying assumptions. We also generalize the model to describe multipole Alfvén vortices. Finally, we explicit how the modes described multipole vortices of different order could be combined, or not. This provides more general Alfvén vortex solutions than derived before. Finally, we derive a new method of classification of coherent structures in the solar wind. This method involves the statistical comparison of the observed structures with expectations of models (using the amplitude anisotropy of magnetic fluctuations). The results with PSP data are dominantly consistent with the crossings of the Alfvén vortex model. Only a small fraction of the structures corresponds to current sheets and magnetic holes, in contrast with the previous results of visual classification. The results presented in this thesis open a new window of turbulence analysis by showing the importance of Alfvén vortices from MHD down to sub-ion scales. It will be worth to extend this study to different types of winds and to different solar distances, in particular to constrain how these vortices are created and how they evolve in the solar wind. Extending the analysis to higher frequencies will also provide information on their dissipation at electronic scales, so their contribution to solar wind heating
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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