285 research outputs found
Vessel diameter and xylem hydraulic conductivity increase with tree height in tropical rainforest trees in Sulawesi, Indonesia
No full textIn humid environments, where trees rarely experience severe soil water limitation, the hydraulic system of trees requires a functional architecture for effectively transporting of water to the crown despite a comparably low atmospheric evaporative demand for most of the year Strategies of tropical trees to adapt their hydraulic properties to a perhumid climate are not well studied, as is the impact of tree height on the hydraulic conductivity and vessel anatomy of tropical canopy trees. We analyzed the dependence of hydraulic architecture on tree height in several phylogenetically different canopy tree species growing under the non-seasonal wet climate of a lower montane rainforest in Sulawesi, Indonesia. We determined leaf-specific conductivity (LSC), sapwood-area specific hydraulic conductivity (k(s)), and wood anatomy (vessel diameter and density) of sun-exposed twigs and of the trunk of 51 trees of eight abundant species ranging in tree height between 6 5 and 44 m LSC and k(s) significantly increased with tree height (r(adj)(2) = 0 50 and 046, respectively) as did mean vessel diameter. We found this trend consistent for both, trunk (r(adj)(2) = 061) and twig (r(adj)(2) = 0 47) xylem vessel diameters In contrast, vessel density and tree height were significantly negative correlated in twigs but not in the trunks We assume that in a tropical perhumid climate with prevailing high atmospheric humidity, it seems more advantageous for tall trees to promote a high hydraulic conductivity in the conducting tissue of both the trunk and the upper crown, rather than to minimize the risk of drought-induced xylem embolism However, the tree size-effect as observed in our study has to be validated in a larger sample of tropical tree species before universal rules could be deduced. (C) 2009 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.German Science Foundation (DFG
Evaluation of the agreement between Brix refractometry and serum immunoglobulin concentration in neonatal piglets
No full textNeonatal piglets lack immunoglobulins at birth. Sufficient colostrum intake (CI) and immunoglobulin absorption are essential for an appropriate passive transfer of immunity via the colostrum. Most methods to measure immunoglobulins in serum of piglets are labour-intensive, expensive or imprecise and not designed for on-farm use. The present diagnostic test study evaluated digital Brix refractometry to measure immunoglobulins in serum of neonatal piglets and to suggest thresholds for different serum immunoglobulin concentration. Additionally, agreements between Brix refractometry and optical refractometer (serum total protein, STP) and between Brix refractometry and ELISA (immunoglobulin G. IgG) were also investigated. Forty-five sows and 269 piglets from three different farms were enrolled in the study. Piglets were weighed at birth and 24 h later to calculate the Cl. Serum was collected at 24 h after birth and analysed for STP, gamma-globulins (electrophoresis), % Brix and IgG. In piglets, median (interquartile range, IQR) CI was 412 (196) g per piglet Median (IQR) STP, gamma-globulin and % Brix concentrations in piglet serum were 60 (11) g/L, 35 (10) g/L and 8 (2) %, respectively. Average (+/- SD) IgG concentration was 49 +/- 23 g/L Passing-Bablok regression revealed a strong concordance between % Brix and STP (Kendall's tau (T): 0.620, P < 0.0001, n = 267) and % Brix and gamma-globulin concentration (Kendall's T: 0.575, P < 0.0001, n = 267). The agreement between the Brix refractometer and IgG concentration was poor (Kendall's T: 0267, P < 0.0001, n = 269). Receiver operating characteristic curves were performed to evaluate test characteristics of Brix refractometry for three gamma-globulin cut-off values, i.e. 10, 20 and 30 g/L. The % Brix cut-off values resulting in the optimal combination of sensitivity and specificity were 5.4 (100 and 985%), 7.0 (100 and 89.3%) and 7.9 (90.1 and 80.6%), respectively. In conclusion. digital Brix refractometry is a sufficiently fast and practical method to assess serum gamma-globulin concentrations in neonatal piglets on-farm and to evaluate them by considering the thresholds found in this study. Further studies are needed to validate those thresholds regarding piglet's survival in the pre-weaning period. (C) 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of The Animal Consortium
Fictionality and Literature: Core Concepts Revisited
No full textAuthor / Henrik Zetterberg-Nielsen -- Narrator / Sylvie Patron -- Plot / Wendy Veronica Xin -- Character / H. Porter Abbott -- Consciousness / Maria Mäkelä -- Metaphor / Greta Olson -- Paratext / Louise Brix Jacobsen -- Intertextuality / Rikke Andersen Kraglund -- Metafiction and metalepsis / Richard Walsh -- The novel / Catherine Gallagher and Simona Zetterberg-Nielsen -- Poetry / Lasse R. Gammelgaard -- Literary nonfiction / James Phelan -- Ethics / Jakob Lothe -- Social justice / Susan S. Lanser.Item embargoed for five year
Evaluation of digital and optical refractometers for assessing failure of transfer of passive immunity in dairy calves
No full textBackground:
Failure of transfer of passive immunity (FTPI) is the underlying predisposing risk factor for most early losses in dairy calves. Refractometers, either optical or digital, can be used to assess FTPI as a part of calf health monitoring program on dairy operations.
Objectives:
To evaluate the performance of and differences between digital Brix and optical refractometers for assessing FTPI in dairy calves.
Animals:
Two hundred Holstein calves from 1 to 11 days of age.
Methods:
A cross-sectional study was designed to measure serum IgG concentration by radial immunodiffusion (RID) assay, digital Brix and optical refractometers. The correlation coefficients (r) between the 2 refractometers were plotted against each other and against the measured IgG concentration from RID. The Se, Sp, and accuracy of digital Brix and optical refractometers for assessing FTPI using previously recommended cut-offs were calculated. A receiver operating characteristic curve was created and used to identify the optimal cut-off for this dataset.
Results:
The RID IgG concentration was positively correlated with digital Brix (r = 0.79) and optical (r = 0.74) refractometers. The best combination of Se (85.5%), Sp (82.8%), and accuracy (83.5%) of digital Brix refractometer was at 8.3%Brix. For optical refractometer, the best combination of Se (80%), Sp (80.7%), and accuracy (80.5%) was at 5.5 g/dL.
Conclusions and Clinical Importance:
Both refractometers exhibited utility in assessing FTPI in dairy calves
Evaluation of transmission infrared spectroscopy and digital and optical refractometers to identify low immunoglobulin G concentrations in alpaca serum.
No full textThis study aimed to evaluate the digital Brix and optical serum total protein (STP) refractometers for measuring concentrations of serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) in alpacas and compare them to IgG concentrations measured by the reference method of radial immunodiffusion (RID) assay. The appropriate cutoff point for Brix and STP refractometers and the transmission infrared (TIR) spectroscopy method was determined for low IgG concentrations (< 10 g/L). Serum samples were collected from alpacas (N = 169) and tested by both refractometers. The correlation between Brix % and STP was high [correlation coefficient (r) = 0.99]. However, the correlation coefficients between Brix % and STP with serum RID-IgG concentrations were only 0.56 and 0.55, respectively. Twenty-one (12.4%) of 169 alpaca serum samples had IgG concentrations of < 10 g/L. Using receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC) analysis, the optimal cutoff points for the TIR assay, digital Brix, and optical STP refractometers for assessing low IgG (RID < 10 g/L) were 13 g/L, 8.8%, and 50 g/L, respectively. The TIR assay showed higher sensitivity (Se = 95.2%) and specificity (Sp = 96.8%) than either the digital Brix (Se = 90.5% and Sp = 65.5%) or optical STP (Se = 81% and Sp = 73.7%) refractometers for assessing alpacas with low IgG. In conclusion, the Brix and STP refractometers lack accuracy in measuring alpaca IgG concentrations, but may be useful for screening animals for low serum IgG. However, the TIR assay with a cutoff point of 13 g/L was more appropriate for identifying low IgG than either refractometer. Another study that focuses on neonatal crias is recommended in order to evaluate the usefulness of these assays for field diagnosing of failure of transfer of passive immunity (FTPI).journal article2017 Julimporte
An analysis of sugarcane brix affected by meteorological factors (Department of Agricultural Engineering)
No full text沖縄県宮古島では収穫時のサトウキビブリックスが, 1984/85と1985/86の両収穫年期に異常に低かった。この低ブリックスの一つの原因として気象現象の影響があったか否かをみるために, サトウキビのほ場ブリックスと第1汁ブリックス総刮値の資料および気象資料を使って単純相関解析, 相関図解析, および重回帰解析を行った。解析に使用できた資料は十分ではなかったが, 入手できた範囲の解析から次の傾向が見出された。1. 1985/86年期の10月上旬のほ場ブリックスが低かったのはその直前の7月-8月の多雨と風向変化の激しかった台風との二つの影響も大きかったためであると考えられる。しかし, この多雨と風向変化とのそれぞれの影響を別々に量的に推定することはできなかった。2. 1984/85年期の10月上旬のほ場ブリックスは低いほうであったが, その原因をその直前の9月以前の気象の推移(台風, 降雨量など)によって説明することはできなかった。3.上記二つの収穫年期連続の低ブリックスに関連して, 両年期とも収穫期直前の10月以後のブリックスがあまり上昇しなかったが, これはこの10月以後の気象の影響もかなりあったことがある程度説明できる。4.この解析は従来の栽培方法によって生育したサトウキビについて行ったものである。さらに良い栽培方法の下で生育したサトウキビは, ある程度の気象のマイナス面に対しても本報告におけるほどのブリックス低下に至らなくなる可能性がある。これについては今後資料の蓄積を待って調査したい。5.さらに精度の高い調査研究結果を得るためには, 降雨量, 台風, およびこれらと関連したサトウキビの生理生態のおのおのについて一層の研究と資料の蓄積が必要と思われる。Miyakojima, Okinawa, where sugarcane is the first crop, suffered from severe sugarcane brix fall in 1984/85 and 1985/86 harvest years. Many causes of the fall such as weather, disease and insects, soil, sugarcane variety, cultivation method and so on were conjectured by those who were concerned with sugarcane culture. As a member of the investigation team, the author made a statistical analysis to see if meteorological factors affected the brix fall. Results obtained are as follows : 1. The low field ref. brix in the beginning of October 1985 shows some indications that heavy rainfall and severe north-south wind direction shift in typhoons passed by the island both in 1985 summer considerably affected the brix. 2. Reasons for low field ref. brix in the beginning of October 1984 could not be explained by weather conditions in the preceeding summer. 3. According to multiple regression analysis, a little brix rise during October preceeding harvest time and the end of harvest time in both 1984/85 and 1985/86 harvest years shows considerable indications that weather in the period adversely affected the little brix rise. 4. From relatively high brix in Tarama-son near Miyakojima in recent years, it is conjectured that cultivation method (planting season, fertilization and care, variety, windbreak forest etc.) may affect much the brix.紀要論
Triologen 2021
No full textEt samarbeidsprosjekt mellom studenter fra Operahøgskolen, Designhøgskolen, Norges Musikkhøgskole og Institutt for Scenekunst ved Høgskolen i Østfold.
Visninger på Scene 6, Kunsthøgskolen i Oslo 04. juni 2021.
Faglig ansvarlige: Anna Elisabeth Einarsson og Toril Carlsen.
Medvirkende: Pauline Aase, Nina Alexandra Barretto, Aleksander Skovly, Larissa Tereščenko, Guoste Tamulynaite, Marte Røyeng, Frederikke Hooge, Thea Brix, Penelope Spanou, Benjamin Knutsen, Lærke Bang Barfod, Viktoria Joner, Simon Thorbjørnsen, Åsmund Soldal, Martin Korssletten, Fredrik Storsveen, Madelen Larsen, Alexandra Olsson, Clara Nergårdh, Hedda Lund, Øystein Dulsrud Klungnes, Andrine Erdal, Jonas Evenstad, Sunniva Norberg, Tomas Laukvik Namnestad
Arrunátegui Jácome,Andrea Dayanara(2023)DETERMINACIÓN DEL ÍNDICE DE MADUREZ DE LA BADEA (Passiflora quadrangularis L) PARA LA COMERCIALIZACIÓN.Quevedo.UTEQ.87p.
No full textThe badea (Passiflora quadrangularis L) originates in South America its fruit is large compared to another species of Passiflora, it is cultivated for sale in markets, being privileged by buyers from some countries of America for its fresh juice, dessert or jams and its excellent nutritional properties as foods that favor the proper functioning of the nervous system for its serotonin content is ideal for infants by amount of vitamin E, Iron and calcium percentage (%) This fruit can be used in full. The objective of this research was to determine the maturity indices of badea (Passiflora quadrangularis L) for marketing.
For this purpose, the physicochemical properties of the badea (Passiflora quadrangularis
L) were analyzed: (Weight size, diameter, percentage of edible portion of the pulp, moisture, pH, soluble solids (º Brix), acidity.
From the results obtained were determed statistically significant differences between the different days of state of maturity of the fruit the value of percentage in green fruits of 78.8% pintona 80.1% and ripe 82.3%, the pH of the pulp of the badea goes from values of 5.58 to 6.31, the values of ° Brix increased, decreasing on day 5; from day 8 its value increased until the end of day 11 of 4.33 to 7.29 ° Brix, unlike pH and ° Brix, the acidity of the fruit was decreasing from day 1, until day 11. It was determined that the maturity index suitable for commercialization is 8.42 ± 0.77 % these values were obtained from day 4.La badea (Passiflora quadrangularis L) tiene origen en Sudamérica su fruto es grande en comparación con otras especies de Passiflora, es cultivada para su venta en mercados, siendo privilegiada por compradores de algunos países de América por su jugo fresco, postre o mermeladas y sus excelentes propiedades nutricionales como alimentos que favorecen el buen funcionamiento del sistema nervioso por su contenido de serotonina es ideal para los infantes por cantidad de vitamina E, hierro y porcentaje de calcio (%) esta fruta se puede aprovechar en su totalidad. El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar los índices de madurez de la badea (Passiflora quadrangularis L) para la comercialización.
Para este fin se analizaron las propiedades fisicoquímico de la badea (Passiflora quadrangularis L) estas fueron: (Peso tamaño, diámetro, porcentaje de porción comestible de la pulpa, humedad, pH, solidos solubles (º Brix), acidez.
De los resultados obtenidos se determinaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los diferentes días de estado de madurez de la fruta el valor de porcentaje en frutas verdes de 78,8% pintona 80,1% y madura 82,3%, el pH de la pulpa de la badea va desde valores de 5,58 hasta 6,31, los valores de ° Brix aumentaron, hasta el final del día 11 de 4,33 a 7,29 º Brix, a diferencia del pH y los ° Brix, la acidez de la fruta fue disminuyendo desde el día 1, hasta el día 11. Se determinó que el índice de madurez apto para la comercialización es de 8,42 ± 0,77 % estos valores se obtuvieron del día 4
Invasion strategies in clonal aquatic plants: Are phenotypic differences caused by phenotypic plasticity or local adaptation?
No full textBackground and Aims: The successful spread of invasive plants in new environments is often linked to multiple introductions and a diverse gene pool that facilitates local adaptation to variable environmental conditions. For clonal plants, however, phenotypic plasticity may be equally important. Here the primary adaptive strategy in three non-native, clonally reproducing macrophytes (Egeria densa, Elodea canadensis and Lagarosiphon major) in New Zealand freshwaters were examined and an attempt was made to link observed differences in plant morphology to local variation in habitat conditions. Methods: Field populations with a large phenotypic variety were sampled in a range of lakes and streams with different chemical and physical properties. The phenotypic plasticity of the species before and after cultivation was studied in a common garden growth experiment, and the genetic diversity of these same populations was also quantified. Key Results: For all three species, greater variation in plant characteristics was found before they were grown in standardized conditions. Moreover, field populations displayed remarkably little genetic variation and there was little interaction between habitat conditions and plant morphological characteristics. Conclusions: The results indicate that at the current stage of spread into New Zealand, the primary adaptive strategy of these three invasive macrophytes is phenotypic plasticity. However, while limited, the possibility that genetic diversity between populations may facilitate ecotypic differentiation in the future cannot be excluded. These results thus indicate that invasive clonal aquatic plants adapt to new introduced areas by phenotypic plasticity. Inorganic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorous were important in controlling plant size of E. canadensis and L. major, but no other relationships between plant characteristics and habitat conditions were apparent. This implies that within-species differences in plant size can be explained by local nutrient conditions. All together this strongly suggests that invasive clonal aquatic plants adapt to a wide range of habitats in introduced areas by phenotypic plasticity rather than local adaptation. © 2010 The Author. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Annals of Botany Company. All rights reserved
eine In-vitro-Studie zur Abtragung der Membrana limitans interna und innerer Netzhautschichten
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