232 research outputs found
Supplemental Material, Wutich.brewis.supplemental - Data Collection in Cross-cultural Ethnographic Research
No full textSupplemental Material, Wutich.brewis.supplemental for Data Collection in Cross-cultural Ethnographic Research by Amber Wutich, and Alexandra Brewis in Field Methods</p
sj-docx-1-nah-10.1177_02601060221148898 - Supplemental material for Parental khat use and early childhood growth status in Eastern Ethiopia
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-nah-10.1177_02601060221148898 for Parental khat use and early childhood growth status in Eastern Ethiopia by Kedir Teji Roba, Alexandra Brewis, Mason Manning and Jemal Yousuf Hassen in Nutrition and Health</p
Extreme Weight Loss: Life before and after Bariatric Surgery:Trainer, Sarah, Brewis, Alexandra, and Wutich, Amber, New York: NYU Press, 2021, 232 pp.
No full textWithin the past two decades, social science studies of obesity treatment and bariatric surgery have proliferated, shedding light on the lived experience of body transformations induced by surgery and normative conceptualizations of body size. Extreme Weight Loss by Sarah Trainer, Alexandra Brewis, and Amber Wutich represents the first extensive ethnography about bariatric surgery, a most welcome, important, and highly informative book that situates itself within classical medical anthropology and distinguishes itself from interdisciplinary research exploring treatment improvements and critical fat studies as an account of the lived experience of going through obesity surgery
Supplemental Material - Ethnographic Methods for Identifying Cultural Concepts of Distress: Developing Reliable and Valid Measures
No full textSupplemental Material for Ethnographic Methods for Identifying Cultural Concepts of Distress: Developing Reliable and Valid Measures by Jeffrey G. Snodgrass, Alexandra Brewis, H. J. François Dengah II, William W. Dressler, Bonnie N. Kaiser, Brandon A. Kohrt, Emily Mendenhall, Seth Sagstetter, Lesley J. Weaver, and Katya X. Zhao in Field Methods</p
Supplemental Material - Ethnographic Methods for Identifying Cultural Concepts of Distress: Developing Reliable and Valid Measures
No full textSupplemental Material for Ethnographic Methods for Identifying Cultural Concepts of Distress: Developing Reliable and Valid Measures by Jeffrey G. Snodgrass, Alexandra Brewis, H. J. François Dengah, II, William W. Dressler, Bonnie N. Kaiser, Brandon A. Kohrt, Emily Mendenhall, Seth Sagstetter, Lesley J Weaver, and Katya X. Zhao in Field Methods</p
Genetic Population Structure Accounts for Contemporary Ecogeographic Patterns in Tropic and Subtropic-Dwelling Humans
No full textabstract: Contemporary human populations conform to ecogeographic predictions that animals will become more compact in cooler climates and less compact in warmer ones. However, it remains unclear to what extent this pattern reflects plastic responses to current environments or genetic differences among populations. Analyzing anthropometric surveys of 232,684 children and adults from across 80 ethnolinguistic groups in sub-Saharan Africa, Asia and the Americas, we confirm that body surface-to-volume correlates with contemporary temperature at magnitudes found in more latitudinally diverse samples (Adj. R[superscript 2] = 0.14-0.28). However, far more variation in body surface-to-volume is attributable to genetic population structure (Adj. R[superscript 2] = 0.50-0.74). Moreover, genetic population structure accounts for nearly all of the observed relationship between contemporary temperature and body surface-to-volume among children and adults. Indeed, after controlling for population structure, contemporary temperature accounts for no more than 4% of the variance in body form in these groups. This effect of genetic affinity on body form is also independent of other ecological variables, such as dominant mode of subsistence and household wealth per capita. These findings suggest that the observed fit of human body surface-to-volume with current climate in this sample reflects relatively large effects of existing genetic population structure of contemporary humans compared to plastic response to current environments.The article is published at http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.012230
Weight Shame, Social Connection, and Depressive Symptoms in Late Adolescence
No full textChild and adolescent obesity is increasingly the focus of interventions, because it predicts serious disease morbidity later in life. However, social environments that permit weight-related stigma and body shame may make weight control and loss more difficult. Rarely do youth obesity interventions address these complexities. Drawing on repeated measures in a large sample (N = 1443) of first-year (freshman), campus-resident university students across a nine-month period, we model how weight-related shame predicts depressive symptom levels, how being overweight (assessed by anthropometric measures) shapes that risk, and how social connection (openness to friendship) might mediate/moderate. Body shame directly, clearly, and repeatedly predicts depression symptom levels across the whole school year for all students, but overweight youth have significantly elevated risk. Social connections mediate earlier in the school year, and in all phases moderate, body shame effects on depression. Youth obesity interventions would be well-served recognizing and incorporating the influential roles of social-environmental factors like weight stigma and friendship in program design
"Wall flowers and chatterboxes": Investigating how measures of autistic traits amongst normal population individuals can explain variance in conversational abilities
No full textIndividuals in the normal population clearly do not have a singularly set amount of abilities when it comes to interacting in conversation. The extent to which people engage and interact with others is clearly highly unique from person to person: some find it easy, others do not. Those with the most dramatic communication deficiencies are said to suffer from a developmental disorder which is found to lie on the high end of the autistic continuum (Wing, 1996). This study sought to investigate the area of conversational abilities and the extent to which variance found amongst normal population individuals can also go some way in being accounted for by degrees of autistic traits falling on such an autistic continuum The study involved student participants (N=41) undertaking two communication tasks as well as the completion of a self reporting AQ questionnaire. Task one was a referential communication task with methodological design based around that of Hanna, Tanenhaus and Trueswell (2003).Task one measured the extent to which the director participant took into account Audience design when producing their utterances in a directing an addressee. Task two measured the extent to which the participant lexically aligned with their (i.e. As a speaker producing the same utterances as they had heard from their fellow conversant as a listener). The results of the AQ questionnaire were run with the results of each task. The key finding of the study was in the significant negative correlation found between results of AQ and task 2 (Pearson’s r=-0.536, p<0.05). This finding suggests that the higher that an individual fall on the autistic continuum, the less likely they are to employ lexical alignment in conversation. This is in keeping with the experimental hypothesis as it demonstrates between points on the autistic spectrum and the individual’s ability to employ useful conversational techniques
Social and biological measures of hyperactivity and inattention: Are they describing similar underlying constructs of child behavior?
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