22 research outputs found
‘A garden inclosed is my sister, my spouse’. The Song of Songs, Solomon and Literary Gardens in the English Renaissance
No full textThe Song of Songs has always been an extremely influential work for the aesthetics and architecture of gardens, particularly during the Renaissance and late Renaissance. In an age that ardently fosters the art of gardening and celebrates England as the New Jerusalem and James I Stuart as the new Solomon, the intrinsic and symbolic meaning of gardens is frequently associated with Hermetic and alchemic culture: it is worth noticing that king Solomon, the alleged author and protagonist of the Song of Songs, is traditionally regarded as one of the fathers of alchemy and mnemotechnics and that Cain, the first gardener, is interpretable as the first alchemist.
The very etymology of the term κῆπος (‘garden’) semantically connects gardens to generation, to the origins of humanity and to images of protection, shelter and enclosure and sheds light on the Song of Songs: the garden sang by Solomon – protective, nursing, defensive and alluding to motherhood and generation – is identifiable with female sexuality, with the cult of the Great Mother and with fecundity, evoked by the pomegranate and the vine.
This article investigates the links among the Song of Songs, Giordano Bruno, Philip Sidney, Andrew Marvell, William Shakespeare, Edmund Spenser, John Milton, emblematics and the alchemic tradition in order to ascertain how «earth’s freshest softest lap», as Milton would say, is often, albeit obliquely, associated with the alchemists’ furnace, with the womb of the Earth and with the perfect – and androgynous – original state of humanity
Desarrollo de materiales poliméricos híbridos (caucho EPDM-SMC) sin uso de adhesivos.
Get PDFEl Capítulo 4 está sujeto a confidencialidad por la autora
140 p.
182 p.(Confidencial)El objetivo de esta tesis es mejorar la adherencia entre el SMC (Sheet Moulding Compound) y el caucho EPDM (Etileno Propileno Dieno tipo M), sin necesidad de adicionar productos intermedios, como primers o adhesivos, antes de realizar la sobreinyección del caucho sobre el SMC previamente conformado. Se ha estudiado la capacidad de adherencia de resinas de vinilester y de poliéster con el caucho EPDM, y se ha analizado la influencia de la adición de diferentes porcentajes de resina fenólica, como promotor de adherencia, . Se han caracterizado las resinas y los composites, y se ha determinado el comportamiento de los materiales híbridos. La calidad de la unión composite-EPDM se ha caracterizado de diferentes formas: 1) mecánicamente, determinando la fuerza de adhesión y la resistencia al pelado, 2) ópticamente, comparando las superficies del SMC y el caucho después de separarlos, y 3) químicamente, analizando por DSC el calor de reacción de mezclas de caucho con las diferentes resinas utilizadas. Así mismo, se han realizado estudios complementarios, centrados en el análisis de la capacidad de caucho para reaccionar con las resinas de poliéster y de viniléster, y de la capacidad del caucho y las resinas de poliéster para reaccionar con la resina fenólica, que han permitido determinar el tipo de interacción química entre el caucho y el SMC, y el efecto que produce la resina fenólica. Se ha concluido 1) que la adhesión composite-caucho EPDM se logra con resinas de poliéster, pero no con resinas de viniléster, 2) que la adición de resina fenólica promueve la adhesión química entre los composites y el caucho EPDM y3) que la unión química entre ambos materiales ocurre debido a los dobles enlaces de las unidades maleicas residuales del poliéster, que son más abundantes cuando se agrega resina fenólica como promotor de adherencia, ya que la resina fenólica actúa como inhibidor del curado de la resina de poliéster
THE IMAGE OF \u27VIRGO-MATER\u27 IN THE LIBER MOZARABICUS SACRAMENTORUM
No full textThe theological problem which the author of this dissertation intends to solve is presented in terms of an inquiry. It is a search into a historical period by examining one of its liturgical sources. The specific object of this inquiry is the Marian devotion which existed in Spain at the close of the patristic period. The author believes that the popular faith in the mother of God was chiefly manifested through the prayer formulas used during the liturgy of the Mass. The Morzarabic liturgy provides the author with the basic ground in investigating the Marian faith of the Visigoth period. Its prayer formulas, composed for its liturgical feasts, contain the outer expressions of a personal conviction about Mary, and provide a vehicle for the reaffirmation of Marian teachings. By delineating the image of Mary into her essential roles of mother and virgin, the author\u27s task is to make more explicit the various Marian images employed in the liturgy of Spain during the Visigoth domination. The main source for this inquiry is the Liber Mozarabicus Sacramentorum edited by the liturgist Dom Marius Ferotin. Other historical sources, like Spanish patristics, liturgy, and Visigoth history, are also considered as general background. Besides these sources, the author tries to situate the images of Mary found in the Spanish sacramentary within the patristic context of Church tradition. The procedure adopted by the author is one of the analysis and synthesis. In his methodology, the author analyzes separately the two key concepts of the maternity of Mary and her virginity. This procedure brings out specifically in each case a clear and definite imagery of Mary. This analytical procedure is followed by a more detailed examination of all the prayers found in the two Masses composed for the Assumption of Mary. This chapter contains the theological explanation needed to understand the unity of the virgo-mater concept. The ultimate realization and completion of Mary\u27s virginal maternity was her triumphant Assumption into the heavenly kingdom. Thus, the singular privileges of Mary\u27s maternity and virginity cannot be separated from the total plan of salvation history. A theological synthesis follows the analytical part in which the author formulates the basic images and themes discovered in the prayers and their theological implications. The conclusions reached center on an image of Mary which is totally in accordance with scriptural, patristic, and ecclesian Mariology. The relevant aspect of these conclusions rests on its clarity of expression and explicitation of traditional Marian concepts. The Trinitarian and Christological values of the virginal maternity of Mary dominate Marian thought emphasized in its spiritual and pastoral terms. Mary\u27s divine maternity not only is affirmed but is presented in strong Trinitarian terms within the historical context of salvation history, where Mary becomes the mother of the new age. In the incarnational aspect of salvation Mary acquires a singular relationship with her Son, who appears as the source and sustainer of her maternity and virginity. Mary\u27s virginal privilege not only includes the traditional physical aspect, but even transcends it, embracing God\u27s predilection for Mary from the very beginning and reaching out to eschatological times. The Christological and spiritual aspects of Mary\u27s virginity are a positive contribution found in this inquiry. The image virgo-mater is a unifying Marian concept representing definitively the popular convictions of the Visigoth Christians on the singular position of Mary in relation to God and humanity
Simulació del flux aerondinàmic en un kite-surf
No full textKitesurf is an extreme sport of sliding over the water in which the wind propels a traction kite attached to your body in order that you navigate in a surfboard over the waves or perform different maneuvers to 'fly'. The importance of this sport falls in the kite because it is what allows performing the jumps. Specifying a bit more, everything will depend on the kite's aerodynamics because turbulence is created in the intrados and those are unfavorable for the kitesurfer when he kitesurfs. This project is focused on solving the problem of the creation of the turbulences in the intrados trying to avoid them or remove them. Several modifications to the kite geometry are proposed, to reduce turbulence generation. Kite aerodynamics is modelled by using the Ansys-Fluent software suite. All the models were analyzed at different angles of attack and it was observed when the kites enter in stall. The lift, drag and momentum coefficients are also computed. The proposed design modifications improve the kite performance. The improved models have higher lift coefficients, lower drag coefficients and higher momentum coefficients and it was also seen that the stall is delayed and less turbulences are generated.El kitesurf és un esport extrem de lliscament per sobre l’aigua en el que el vent
propulsa un cometa de tracció unit al teu cos, perquè naveguis en una taula
per sobre de les ones o realitzis maniobres per poder ‘volar’.
La importància d’aquest esport recau sobre el cometa ja que és el que permet
fer els salts. Concretant una mica més, tot depèn de l’aerodinàmica del cometa
ja que es creen turbulències al intradós desfavorables pel ‘kitesurfer’ quan
practica aquest esport.
Aquest treball s’enfoca a resoldre el problema de la creació de turbulències al
intradós intentant evitar-les o eliminar-les. Es proposen diverses solucions per
modificar la geometria del kite de forma que es redueixin les turbulències
generades a l’intradós.
L’aerodinàmica del kite s’ha modelat emprant el programa Ansys-Fluent. S’han
analitzat tots els models per a diferents angles d’atac i s’ha observat quan
entra en pèrdua cada model així com els coeficients de sustentació, de fricció i
de moment.
Amb les modificacions de disseny proposades s’ha observat que els
coeficients de sustentació son més elevats, els de fricció menors i els de
moment majors i també que triga més a entrar en pèrdua i es redueixen
considerablement les turbulències
Simulació del flux aerondinàmic en un kite-surf
No full textKitesurf is an extreme sport of sliding over the water in which the wind propels a traction kite attached to your body in order that you navigate in a surfboard over the waves or perform different maneuvers to 'fly'. The importance of this sport falls in the kite because it is what allows performing the jumps. Specifying a bit more, everything will depend on the kite's aerodynamics because turbulence is created in the intrados and those are unfavorable for the kitesurfer when he kitesurfs. This project is focused on solving the problem of the creation of the turbulences in the intrados trying to avoid them or remove them. Several modifications to the kite geometry are proposed, to reduce turbulence generation. Kite aerodynamics is modelled by using the Ansys-Fluent software suite. All the models were analyzed at different angles of attack and it was observed when the kites enter in stall. The lift, drag and momentum coefficients are also computed. The proposed design modifications improve the kite performance. The improved models have higher lift coefficients, lower drag coefficients and higher momentum coefficients and it was also seen that the stall is delayed and less turbulences are generated.El kitesurf és un esport extrem de lliscament per sobre l’aigua en el que el vent
propulsa un cometa de tracció unit al teu cos, perquè naveguis en una taula
per sobre de les ones o realitzis maniobres per poder ‘volar’.
La importància d’aquest esport recau sobre el cometa ja que és el que permet
fer els salts. Concretant una mica més, tot depèn de l’aerodinàmica del cometa
ja que es creen turbulències al intradós desfavorables pel ‘kitesurfer’ quan
practica aquest esport.
Aquest treball s’enfoca a resoldre el problema de la creació de turbulències al
intradós intentant evitar-les o eliminar-les. Es proposen diverses solucions per
modificar la geometria del kite de forma que es redueixin les turbulències
generades a l’intradós.
L’aerodinàmica del kite s’ha modelat emprant el programa Ansys-Fluent. S’han
analitzat tots els models per a diferents angles d’atac i s’ha observat quan
entra en pèrdua cada model així com els coeficients de sustentació, de fricció i
de moment.
Amb les modificacions de disseny proposades s’ha observat que els
coeficients de sustentació son més elevats, els de fricció menors i els de
moment majors i també que triga més a entrar en pèrdua i es redueixen
considerablement les turbulències
Simulació del flux aerondinàmic en un kite-surf
No full textKitesurf is an extreme sport of sliding over the water in which the wind propels a traction kite attached to your body in order that you navigate in a surfboard over the waves or perform different maneuvers to 'fly'. The importance of this sport falls in the kite because it is what allows performing the jumps. Specifying a bit more, everything will depend on the kite's aerodynamics because turbulence is created in the intrados and those are unfavorable for the kitesurfer when he kitesurfs. This project is focused on solving the problem of the creation of the turbulences in the intrados trying to avoid them or remove them. Several modifications to the kite geometry are proposed, to reduce turbulence generation. Kite aerodynamics is modelled by using the Ansys-Fluent software suite. All the models were analyzed at different angles of attack and it was observed when the kites enter in stall. The lift, drag and momentum coefficients are also computed. The proposed design modifications improve the kite performance. The improved models have higher lift coefficients, lower drag coefficients and higher momentum coefficients and it was also seen that the stall is delayed and less turbulences are generated.El kitesurf és un esport extrem de lliscament per sobre l’aigua en el que el vent
propulsa un cometa de tracció unit al teu cos, perquè naveguis en una taula
per sobre de les ones o realitzis maniobres per poder ‘volar’.
La importància d’aquest esport recau sobre el cometa ja que és el que permet
fer els salts. Concretant una mica més, tot depèn de l’aerodinàmica del cometa
ja que es creen turbulències al intradós desfavorables pel ‘kitesurfer’ quan
practica aquest esport.
Aquest treball s’enfoca a resoldre el problema de la creació de turbulències al
intradós intentant evitar-les o eliminar-les. Es proposen diverses solucions per
modificar la geometria del kite de forma que es redueixin les turbulències
generades a l’intradós.
L’aerodinàmica del kite s’ha modelat emprant el programa Ansys-Fluent. S’han
analitzat tots els models per a diferents angles d’atac i s’ha observat quan
entra en pèrdua cada model així com els coeficients de sustentació, de fricció i
de moment.
Amb les modificacions de disseny proposades s’ha observat que els
coeficients de sustentació son més elevats, els de fricció menors i els de
moment majors i també que triga més a entrar en pèrdua i es redueixen
considerablement les turbulències
Mining in the Sierra Almagrera (Almería, Spain) in the nineteenth century. Geological description and mineral paragenesis
No full textTrabajo presentado en el IX Simposio Internacional sobre Minería y Metalurgia históricas en el SW europeo:
Nuestras raíces mineras, celebrado en Madrid (España), del 23 al 26 de junio de 2016Since the discovery of the Jaroso vein (Sª Almagrera) in 1838 and Minas de Herrerias, 1870, both entered the international literature of Pb-Ag mineral resources. In this paper we revised the most important contributions made throughout the nineteenth century about metalogenia and mineralogical studies of the area.
The first scientific study on the deposits is due to Lambert (1840), which makes description very difficult to overcome, and even describes the jasperoids of Herrerias. Probably the most successful mining vision was Ezquerra del Bayo (1841, 1846), which was right from the beginning in the analysis of the mining situation. But the main contributions to knowledge of the ore deposits of the Sierra, are the contributions of Pellico and Maestro (1841), Pellico (1846) and Monasterio (1850), opinions collected by Madoz (1845), in his "Dictionary".
The most important contribution mineralogical certainly Breithaupt (trad. Amar de la Torre, 1852) is due to the definition of "primitive assemblages" of the site, and "mineral decomposition" and the discovery of new species: jarosite, zincosite... The discovery of the native silver in the mines of Las Herrerias was a milestone in the Spanish mining. In the international literature highlights the magnificent engravings of Jaroso veins, Simonin (1867) and Czyskowski (1897). Among the latter author and Pie Allue (1883), there was discussion about the age of the mineralization, currently the Pie Allue hypothesis, which attributes a more modern genesis to the mineralization, is considered more likely.Peer reviewe
Study of the influece of flame retardant additives on ultra-violet curing thermosetting composites
No full textFibre-reinforced polymer composites are materials capable of reducing weight while maintaining optimised properties in multiple applications. However, the use of composite materials is not suitable for all sectors, where the need for improved fire properties is highlighted.
In the present study, a thermosetting matrix composed of UV-curable acrylic monomers and UV-transparent aluminium trihydrate (ATH) flame retardant fillers have been added to UV-transparent polyester resin for the manufacture of flame retardant composites. An in-depth study of the most suitable types of ATH-based flame retardant additives and possible synergistic combinations to improve the fire performance of the UV-curable composite has been carried out. Not only has the type of flame retardant been studied, but also the most suitable additive percentage to comply with railway sector regulations.
The compatibility between the fillers and the matrix has been analysed by means of dielectric analysis, as well as the properties of the matrix and final composites against fire and mechanical properties
Development and Characterisation of Sustainable Prepregs with Improved Fire Behaviour Based on Furan Resin and Basalt Fibre Reinforcement
No full textIn recent years, the need to minimise environmental impact has led to the exploration of sustainable materials, avoiding those derived from petroleum, considering that these materials should proceed from nature and be harmless and durable. Therefore, throughout this work, the following raw materials were used: furan resin, which comes from agricultural by-products, and basalt fibre, obtained by melting basaltic volcanic rock. Specifically, this work studies the development of a flame-retarded furan prepreg manufactured by means of a continuous process combining a double-belt lamination equipment with an impregnation system. Once the prepregs (flame- and non-flame-retarded) were obtained, they were subjected to various tests to analyse their fire behaviour, with both showing an adequate performance. However, comparing both, concerning the toxicity index (CIT(G)), the flame-retarded prepreg generated fewer toxic gases during combustion than the non-flame-retarded one, although the latter showed a lower smoke density. In short, the developed flame-retarded material falls into the R1HL3 (Requirement 1 and Hazard Level 3) classification demanded by products with large areas in railway vehicle interiors, which is the maximum safety level according to the risk index established in applicable regulations. Therefore, this material could be used in any railway vehicle for indoor applications
On the Influence of Flame-Retardant Additives on UV-Curable Thermosetting Glass Fiber-Reinforced Composites
No full textOne of the main advantages of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites is the ability to reduce their weight while they exhibit exceptional properties such as high strength, stiffness, and resistance to corrosion, and reduction in their lifetime maintenance when they are compared to the metallic components. These features led fiber-reinforced polymer composites to have applications in the mechanical, construction, aerospace, automotive, medical, marine, and other manufacturing industries. However, the use of this type of material is not possible in all of these applications since, in certain sectors, the fire resistance property that the material must present is one of the key factors. For this reason, a thermosetting resin composed of ultraviolet (UV)-curable acrylic monomers has been used as a matrix, where transparent aluminum trihydrate (ATH) flame-retardant fillers were incorporated for manufacturing flame-retarded UV-curable composites. The composite parts were produced by using glass fiber-reinforced UV-curable prepregs. An exhaustive study of different types of ATH-based flame-retardant additives and the possible cooperation between them to improve the fire properties of the UV-curable composite was carried out. Additionally, the most suitable additive percentage to meet the railway sector requirements was also evaluated, as well as the evolution in the viscosity of the matrix and its processing capacity during the manufacture of the prepregs at 60 °C. The compatibility between the fillers and the matrix was assessed using a dielectric analysis (DEA). The fire properties of both the matrix and the final composite were established
