1,721,166 research outputs found
Alexander Philip, The dynamic foundation of knowledge
No full textLemaire J. Alexander Philip, The dynamic foundation of knowledge. In: Revue néo-scolastique de philosophie. 21ᵉ année, n°81, 1914. pp. 114-115
The Aramaic Version of the Song of Songs
No full textAlexander Philip S. The Aramaic Version of the Song of Songs. In: Traduction et traducteurs au Moyen Âge. Actes du colloque international du CNRS organisé à Paris, Institut de recherche et d’histoire des textes les 26-28 mai 1986. Aubervilliers : Institut de Recherche et d'Histoire des Textes (IRHT), 1989. pp. 119-131. (Documents, études et répertoires de l'Institut de Recherche et d'Histoire des Textes, 42
Innovative techniques for retinal pigment epithelium transplantation
No full textAge-related macular degeneration (AMD) occurs due to changes in Bruch’s Membrane (BrM), leading to Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE) dysfunction. RPE transplantation has potential as a regenerative strategy but previous attempts have been unsuccessful because BrM replacement has not been taken into consideration. Previous work at the University of Southampton has led to the development of a 60:40 P(MMA-co-PEGMsuccinimidyl carbonate) electrospun fibrous co-polymer scaffold, as a potential artificial BrM. The aim of this project was to characterise and evaluate the co-polymer scaffold, and to develop methods to use it for RPE transplantation. The characteristics of an ideal BrM substitute, as espoused by Binder et al. (2007), were used as benchmarks. RPE transplanted on an artificial BrM is likely to be positioned on the surface of the existing BrM and therefore needs to be more permeable than BrM. Diffusional flux studies showed that, allowing for differences in thickness, the polymer was 48x more permeable than human post-mortem BrM samples. Measurements of transepithelial electrical resistance across monolayers of ARPE-19 cells and primary rabbit RPE cells, cultured either on the co-polymer surface or directly on to tissue culture plates, supported the existence of tight electrical contacts between neighbouring RPE cells. VEGF concentrations were 50% higher in apical vs. basal compartments of culture wells, confirming RPE polarisation. In vitro evaluation of a novel surgical instrument, POLARIS (Polymer And RPE Injector – Southampton), designed to deliver cell-seeded polymer into the subretinal space, could detect no statistical difference in apoptotic cell death between POLARIS (21%) and the unejected controls (21%). ARPE-19 cells showed no increased cytotoxicity from application of a range of ophthalmic viscoelastic devices during cell culture, with baseline cytotoxicity maintained at less than 20%. This supports the potential use of viscoelastic devices within the subretinal space, to prevent bleb collapse during transplantation. Three-port pars plana vitrectomy was performed in 25 rabbits, and creation of a localised retinal detachment allowed the successful delivery of polymer scaffolds into the subretinal space of 11 rabbit eyes. Pre-operative intravitreal saline was found to increase the likelihood of successful surgical induction of posterior vitreous detachment at the time of surgery. The findings of this study show that the 60:40 P(MMA-co-PEGM-succinimidyl carbonate) electrospun copolymer scaffold mimics the desirable properties of an artificial BrM and allows formation of an electrically resistant, polarised RPE monolayer. The polymer has been successfully transplanted into rabbit eyes. These results support use of this copolymer to facilitate RPE transplantation, as a future potential treatment for AMD
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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