8 research outputs found
The fellowship of St.Diogo : new Christian judaisers in Coimbra in the early 17th century
Get PDFDr Antonio Homem was a respected teacher in the University of Coimbra, a Canon in the Cathedral and an illustrious scholar. He was also the heir of a long Jewish family tradition. His great-great-grand father lived and died as a Jew. His great-grandfather, his grandmother and two of his uncles were among his relatives to have been sentenced
as judaisers by the Inquisition. His own father kept the Law of Moses, and taught it to all his children, without the knowledge of his wife, an Old Christian of noble lineage.
His concern for the situation of the New Christians in Portugal eventually made him build up a congregation of judaisers, which he called the Fellowship of St Diogo as a tribute to a Capuchin friar who had been executed a few years earlier as an apostate and defender of the Jewish Law. His congregation grew to include over sixty people,
including clerics, physicians, lawyers and students, as well as merchants and farmers. Its leader gave it a corpus of doctrine and eventually a distinctive liturgy, which showed influence from the Catholic Church. The Fellowship also inspired the creation of judaiser conventicles
in three major Monasteries in the Coimbra district, where a relatively large number of nuns held cult meetings and paid homage to Friar Diogo as a martyr of the Law of Moses.
After several years of activity, the Fellowship was investigated and dismantled by the Inquisition. Most of its members were arrested and sentenced. Dr AntOnio Homem was himself taken into custody, charged with heresy and apostasy, as well as sodomy (he was a known paederast), and finally handed over to the secular arm for execution.
His dream of building up a judaiser community in Coimbra was shattered. The Fellowship members who survived either left the country and joined the orthodox Jewish communities in the Netherlands and elsewhere, or stayed in Portugal and gradually lost their Jewish consciousness. Descendants
of some of them can still be found near Coimbra
Relato de Experiência: Importância da Fiscalização Técnica em Nutrição para um Contrato de Terceirização da Alimentação em um Restaurante Universitário
No full textEm um contexto atual de crescente demanda por refeições em restaurantes universitários, e aumento do número de contratos de terceirização de refeições nesses ambientes, garantir qualidade, segurança dos alimentos e conformidade contratual torna-se essencial. A alimentação saudável é um pilar para o bem-estar dos estudantes, influenciando diretamente o desempenho acadêmico e a qualidade de vida. A presença de nutricionista na fiscalização técnica desses contratos contribui para assegurar o planejamento de cardápios balanceados, assim como a oferta de refeições adequadas às necessidades nutricionais dos usuários e a segurança dos alimentos, baseada em aspectos técnicos e legais. O objetivo principal deste relato foi demonstrar como a atuação técnica de um Nutricionista na fiscalização de contratos de alimentação em restaurante universitário (RU) pode impactar positivamente a qualidade das refeições servidas e a satisfação dos estudantes. Foram coletados cardápios, formulários de controle de qualidade e pesquisa de satisfação de usuários, antes e após o RU dispor da presença de especialista na equipe de fiscalização técnica. Verificou-se que a nutricionista implementou melhorias na adequação dos cardápios propostos, com aumento da prevalência de alimentos in natura, minimamente processados e redução dos alimentos ultraprocessados. Verificou-se melhora na qualidade dos registros dos procedimentos de boas práticas e execução dos cronogramas de capacitação de funcionários, além de melhor cumprimento das cláusulas contratuais. A atuação da fiscal promoveu melhorias no cumprimento das boas práticas de produção na referida unidade sob a responsabilidade da empresa contratada, minimizando riscos de contaminação alimentar e aumentando a satisfação dos comensais. A interação direta do nutricionista fiscal com os usuários promoveu melhora no canal de escuta de sugestões e reclamações e acrescentou pontos positivos aos serviços prestados no RU. Em suma, a presença de um profissional responsável pela fiscalização técnica de contratos de alimentação em um RU demonstrou ser um fator promotor de uma alimentação mais saudável, segura e em consonância com as diretrizes contratuais e legais. A experiência reforça a importância de investir em recursos humanos especializados para garantir a qualidade e segurança de serviços essenciais aos estudantes universitários.
Genetic diversity in the Leishmania donovani complex.
Get PDFThe Leishmania donovani complex comprises four described species: L.
donovani, L. archibaldi, L. infantum and L. chagasi. L. chagasi is the only New World
species and has been considered similar to L. infantum, although some authors insist
on maintenance of its independent species status. L. donovani has at least two major
epidemiological subgroups whose relationships are poorly understood.
In this thesis, molecular biological techniques were used to investigate the
taxonomy and phylogenetic relationships within the L. donovani complex, with
isoenzyme analysis (lEA) as reference technique. Random amplification of
polymorphic DNA (RAPD) was used to provide anonymous genetic markers which
allowed overall comparisons of genomes. Selected target genes and intergenic
regions were also amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), namely the
major surface protease (msp or gp63), the mini-exon and the ribosomal internal
transcribed spacer (ITS). PCR products of intergenic regions between msp genes
(ITG/CS and ITG/L), mini-exon and ITS were analysed by restriction fragment length
polymorphism (RFLP). Phylogenies generated from each of the methods were
compared with that of IEA.
L. infantum and L. chagasi were found to be synonymous, whilst L. donovani
was found to be more polymorphic than L. infantum and a fourth possible species in
the complex, L. archibaldi, was not supported. Six genetic groups of strains were
identified in the L. donovani complex, based on all DNA based analyses, which
agreed with IEA typing. Pooled data from RFLP and RAPD analyses generated
robust phylogenies which were congruent with ITG/CS RFLP and msp DNA
sequence based phylogenies, but not with lEA phylogenies. The evolutionary history
of the L. donovani complex is analysed in the light of the present results. The diverse
typing methods were also evaluated and genetic markers suggested, that are
applicable to classification and typing of L. donovani species and strains
Phylodynamic reconstruction of H1N1pdm09 influenza virus transmission in Brazil: a decade of evolutionary dynamics
No full textThe H1N1pdm09 influenza virus, which emerged in 2009 following a unique reassortment of swine-origin gene segments, rapidly replaced the seasonal H1N1 strain and triggered the first influenza pandemic of the twenty-first century. In Brazil, the virus initially spread through intense community transmission before establishing a pattern of seasonal circulation. However, its long-term evolutionary dynamics in the country remain insufficiently characterized. To address this gap, we conducted a coordinated national genomic surveillance effort focused on the period from 2014 onward, when Brazil began systematic whole-genome sequencing of circulating H1N1pdm09 viruses. Through collaborative sequencing across all five Brazilian macroregions, we generated 597 complete genomes collected between 2014 and 2024. Using phylodynamic approaches, we reconstructed the spatiotemporal spread of H1N1pdm09, identified major circulating lineages, and integrated epidemiological data to assess patterns of persistence and regional transmission. Our findings reveal sustained circulation and multiple independent viral introductions over the past decade, with evidence of localized lineage maintenance, particularly in the Southeast and South regions. Phylogenetic analyses also indicate repeated seeding from international sources, underscoring the continued impact of global viral movement. In addition, genome-wide comparisons revealed reassortment events involving internal segments, which may have contributed to the persistence and adaptation of dominant lineages following the COVID-19 pandemic. This study presents the most comprehensive reconstruction of H1N1pdm09 evolutionary dynamics in Brazil to date, highlighting the critical role of integrated, nationwide genomic surveillance in enhancing public health preparedness in tropical and subtropical regions
AMAZONIA CAMTRAP: a dataset of mammal, bird, and reptile species recorded with camera traps in the Amazon forest
Get PDFThe Amazon forest has the highest biodiversity on earth. However, information on Amazonian vertebrate diversity is still deficient and scattered across the published, peer-reviewed and grey literature and in unpublished raw data. Camera traps are an effective non-invasive method of surveying vertebrates, applicable to different scales of time and space. In this study, we organized and standardized camera trap records from different Amazon regions to compile the most extensive dataset of inventories of mammal, bird and reptile species ever assembled for the area. The complete dataset comprises 154,123 records of 317 species (185 birds, 119 mammals and 13 reptiles) gathered from surveys from the Amazonian portion of eight countries (Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Peru, Suriname and Venezuela). The most frequently recorded species per taxa were: mammals - Cuniculus paca (11,907 records); birds - Pauxi tuberosa (3,713 records); and reptiles - Tupinambis teguixin (716 records). The information detailed in this data paper opens-up opportunities for new ecological studies at different spatial and temporal scales, allowing for a more accurate evaluation of the effects of habitat loss, fragmentation, climate change and other human-mediated defaunation processes in one of the most important and threatened tropical environments in the world. The dataset is not copyright restricted; please cite this data-paper when using its data in publications and we also request that researchers and educators inform us of how they are using this data
Amazonia Camtrap: a data set of mammal, bird, and reptile species recorded with camera traps in the Amazon forest.
Get PDFAbstract : The Amazon forest has the highest biodiversity on Earth. However, information on Amazonian vertebrate diversity is still deficient and scatteredacross the published, peer-reviewed, and gray literature and in unpublishedraw data. Camera traps are an effective non-invasive method of surveying vertebrates, applicable to different scales of time and space. In this study, we organized and standardized camera trap records from different Amazonregions to compile the most extensive data set of inventories of mammal,bird, and reptile species ever assembled for the area. The complete data setcomprises 154,123 records of 317 species (185 birds, 119 mammals, and13 reptiles) gathered from surveys from the Amazonian portion of eightcountries (Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Peru,Suriname, and Venezuela). The most frequently recorded species per taxawere: mammals:Cuniculus paca (11,907 records); birds: Pauxi tuberosa (3713 records); and reptiles:Tupinambis teguixin(716 records). The infor-mation detailed in this data paper opens up opportunities for new ecological studies at different spatial and temporal scales, allowing for a moreaccurate evaluation of the effects of habitat loss, fragmentation, climatechange, and other human-mediated defaunation processes in one of themost important and threatened tropical environments in the world. The data set is not copyright restricted; please cite this data paper when usingits data in publications and we also request that researchers and educator sinform us of how they are using these data.Datar Paper
AMAZONIA CAMTRAP: A data set of mammal, bird, and reptile species recorded with camera traps in the Amazon forest
Get PDFThe Amazon forest has the highest biodiversity on Earth. However, information on Amazonian vertebrate diversity is still deficient and scattered across the published, peer-reviewed, and gray literature and in unpublished raw data. Camera traps are an effective non-invasive method of surveying vertebrates, applicable to different scales of time and space. In this study, we organized and standardized camera trap records from different Amazon regions to compile the most extensive data set of inventories of mammal, bird, and reptile species ever assembled for the area. The complete data set comprises 154,123 records of 317 species (185 birds, 119 mammals, and 13 reptiles) gathered from surveys from the Amazonian portion of eight countries (Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela). The most frequently recorded species per taxa were: mammals: Cuniculus paca (11,907 records); birds: Pauxi tuberosa (3713 records); and reptiles: Tupinambis teguixin (716 records). The information detailed in this data paper opens up opportunities for new ecological studies at different spatial and temporal scales, allowing for a more accurate evaluation of the effects of habitat loss, fragmentation, climate change, and other human-mediated defaunation processes in one of the most important and threatened tropical environments in the world. The data set is not copyright restricted; please cite this data paper when using its data in publications and we also request that researchers and educators inform us of how they are using these data
NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics
Get PDFMammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data
