1,720,995 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Maximum entropy method: an unconventional approach to explore observables related to the electron density in phengites
No full textThe maximum entropy method (MEM) is used here to get an insight into the electron density [ρ(r)] of phengites 2M 1 and 3T, paying special attention to the M1-formally empty site and charge distribution. Room temperature single crystal X-ray diffraction data have been used as experimental input for MEM. The results obtained by MEM have been compared with those from conventional structure refinement which, in turn, has provided the prior-electron density to start the entropy maximization process. MEM reveals a comparatively non-committal approach, able to produce information related to the M1-site fractional occupancy, and yields results consistent with those from the difference Fourier synthesis, but free of the uncertainties due to the abrupt truncation of the series. The charge distribution is investigated by means of the notion of ‘‘site basin’’, i.e., those site-centered volumes delimited by a surface such as ∇ρ·n = 0. In particular, we observe: (1) the overall partitioning of the basin total charge between cation and anion sites, and the interlayer site charge seems to depend on sample composition, and (2) the apical-oxygen plane total basin charge and hydroxyl basin charge are presumably related to the polytype. The MEM-determined electron density does not allow full exploration of the critical points for very complex structures as micas, insofar as conventional room temperature experimental diffraction data are used
Reuse of waste material for civil application: a study of municipal incinerator bottom ash composition aimed to inertization and recycling
No full textSustainable Solutions for Incineration Byproducts: The CLEAN Project's Innovative Approach to Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Residue Management
No full textThe fly ashes resulting from municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI FA) are classified as hazardous waste due to their high metal and soluble salt content, posing environmental risks upon reuse.
The CLEAN project, funded by the Ministry of the Environment and Protection of Land and Sea, introduced steam washing (SW) to reduce chloride and metal concentrations in FAs. This process transforms them into non-hazardous waste, suitable for stabilization, with ongoing investigations exploring the recovery of metals (Cr, Ni, Cu) aligning with the raw-secondary materials market.
Detailed elemental characterizations of solid matrices (pre- and post-SW) and liquid matrices (residual washing water, wastewater) employed X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).
Results from a waste-to-energy plant in northern Italy indicate metals like Cr (300 mg/kg), Ni (65 mg/kg), Cu (1500 mg/kg), and Sb (1800 mg/kg) concentrating in the solid residue. After a 40% weight loss of FAs post-washing, there's an 80-90% increase in these elements per kg of ash. Residual washing water has high metal concentrations: 6000 mg/L Zn, 400 mg/L Pb, and 250 mg/L Cd, corresponding to approximately 15%, 10%, and 70% extraction from FAs (considering SW uses a 1.5-2.0 liquid-solid ratio).
Sequential extraction methods, variable pH release tests, and geochemical simulations trace metal species behavior to different speciation in FA. Many elements associate with mineralogical phases unstable at the treatment's pH (around 6), favoring mobilization (e.g., chlorides, hydroxides, carbonates, and surface adsorption).
While these chemical species pose challenges in FA, they can be valuable resources if extracted and recovered. SW yields two matrices suitable for metal recovery: a treated solid and a liquid one. For the solid matrix, increased heavy metal concentration per kg of FA favors effective extraction via targeted washing with diluted acid (e.g., HCl 2-3M), limiting reagent consumption. Analyses for the elemental characterization of wastewater are underway after absorption and recovery of metals by minerals like zeolites
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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