1,721,050 research outputs found
Compte rendu de Alessandro Parenti, Parole strane. Etimologia e altra linguistica
No full textRecensione al volume: Alessandro PARENTI, Parole strane. Etimologia e altra linguistica, Firenze,
Leo S. Olschki Editore (Biblioteca dell’‘Archivum Romanicum’, Serie II : Linguistica, 61), 2015
Elena Liverani; Alessandro Parenti, Il Dizionario Spagnolo-Italiano di Nicolao Landucci (1562)
Full text linkReview of Elena Liverani; Alessandro Parenti, Il Dizionario SpagnoloItaliano di Nicolao Landucci
(1562), Firenze, Leo S. Olschki,
Biblioteca dell’«Archivum
Romanicum», serie II:
Linguistica, 2022, VI-352 pp.
ISBN 978-882226854
Building Trust in Smart Legal Contracts
No full textWhile the general employment of smart contracts has seen growing interest lately, its application in the legal domain raised several concerns . One of the main issues is that these contracts are often written in computer code, thus are difficult to understand for the average person: this could undermine their enforceability before national courts .
The present work proposes an approach for solving this lack of transparency: we shall compare and employ declarative programming languages that have already proven to bring helpful advantages when writing smart contracts , such as Logical English and LPS, both based on Prolog, as well as domain-specific imperative languages, such as Stipula , that allow for the codification of a smart legal contract both understandable for the average person and readable by the machine.
We will give an outline of the interplay between natural language and programming languages, and show how the lack of understanding reflects on the current employment of smart legal contracts. Fundamental to our reasoning will also be the distinction between B2B and B2C contractual relationships, where the EU principles of clarity and understandability of contract terms come into the picture. Moreover, we believe that uncertainty on whether the contract will execute the code as intended by the parties will negatively impact the trust that people place in such technology.
We will demonstrate a methodology for writing smart legal contracts in such a way as to improve both the understanding of their contents, by providing a direct transposition in code of the relevant clauses; and the intelligibility of their execution, by implementing the clauses directly, with no further coding required. This shall be done through Logical English, a programming language in which code is represented using a controlled form of the English language. Our intention is to showcase how to build trust in smart legal contracts, moving through a brief literature review of the proposed solutions, following with a demonstration of the drafting of the contract in a computable language understandable by legal experts and citizens alike. We shall utilize a running example to compare the methods we have applied, looking at the advantages, disadvantages and their effect on the overall explainability of the program.
To conclude, we shall compare our results with the desired effect on transparency and see how these may help the general goal of bridging natural language and computer code, especially as far as consumer contracts are concerned. We shall test whether it is possible for the consumer to contribute to the execution process, moving from the written text directly to the computable code, thus strengthening the connection between the contracts and the automation. To reach a common standard, and employ this technology in the legal field, it is necessary to link all parties more closely, be they businesses, consumers, or legal professionals, by providing a way for all to communicate directly with the Smart Legal Contract
Strategies to improve the performances of bakery products made from ancient wheat’s
Full text linkThe growing consumers’ attention regarding the inclusion of foods able to provide health benefits in one’s diet, is currently a theme of fundamental importance. Between these products, ancient wheat’s and whole wheat flours seem to be the most appealing in the cereal industry thanks to their nutritional content. Nevertheless, ancient wheat’s show worse rheological and technological performances compared to modern cultivars, in particular when using whole wheat flour. According to Migliorini, et al. (2016), the content of starch and protein is strongly influenced by annual variability and agronomic practices. This highlights the need for further investigation to understand the relationship between different agronomic practices and the rheological and technological properties of flours and dough’s made from ancient wheat’s. Furthermore, the greatest challenge for the bakery industry still remains the improvement of the technological properties of bakery products made from ancient wheat’s. In this paper, some of the strategies aimed to face this challenge are proposed. Starting from the improvement of the rheological properties of dough’s made from ancient wheat, Cappelli, et al. (2018) provided a rheological study which allows to identify the optimal water content to be added, through models represented by level curves diagrams. Moreover, regarding the improvement of bakery products based on ancient wheat, the sourdough fermentation (Saa, et al. 2017) and the reduction of free lipid in the doughs (Collar & Angioloni, 2014) seems to be the most interesting strategies. Finally, future strategies finalized to improve the technological properties of bakery products made from ancient wheat’s are related to the assessment of suitability and bread-making aptitude of ancient wheat flours blended with the most interesting and innovative sources of proteins, i.e. legume and insect flours
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Pär Larson, Lavorando per voi. Studi di linguistica, filologia e letteratura italiana e romanza
No full textRaccolta di 40 saggi di Pär Larson (1959-) di argomento storico-linguistico, filologico e letterario italiano e romanzo pubblicati originariamente tra il 1988 e il 2023.Collection of 40 essays by Pär Larson (1959-) on Italian and Romance historical-linguistic, philological and literary topics originally published between 1988 and 2023
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