67 research outputs found
Community Resilience and Seismic Performance of Physical Infrastructures
No full textL'abstract è presente nell'allegato / the abstract is in the attachmen
La valorizzazione digitale dei fondi fotografici sulla Darsena della Biblioteca Classense nell'ambito del progetto europeo DARE
No full textThe article explores the utilisation of the 10 photographic funds of the Classense
library within the European project DARE-UIA, proving these to be a leading tool
for digital storytelling of the district of Darsena in Ravenna. The aim of the paper
is to show how the digitalization has been a fundamental operation for the
establishment of a collective identity conceived by the urban regeneration
strategies of DARE-UIA project
Modelling infrastructure interdependencies and cascading effects using temporal networks
No full textLifelines are critical infrastructure systems characterized by a high level of interdependency that can lead to cascading failures after any disaster. Many approaches can be used to analyze infrastructural interdependencies, but they are usually not able to describe the sequence of events during emergencies. Therefore, interdependencies need to be modeled also taking into account the time effects. The methodology proposed in this paper is based on a modified version of the Input-output Inoperability Model and returns the probabilities of failure for each node of the system. Lifelines are modeled using graph theory, while perturbations, representing a natural or man-made disaster, are applied to the elements of the network following predetermined rules. The cascading effects among interdependent networks have been simulated using a spatial multilayer approach, while the use of an adjacency tensor allows to consider the temporal dimension and its effects. The method has been tested on a case study based on the 2011 Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear disaster. Different configurations of the system have been analyzed and their probability of occurrence evaluated. Two models of the nuclear power plant have been developed to evaluate how different spatial scales and levels of detail affect the results
Indoor tracking using unmanned aerial vehicles
No full textSearch and rescue operations during emergencies are complex missions that put at risk the life of first responders. The main challenge is to detect the trapped and injured people inside buildings damaged by different hazards. With a tool showing on a map the number, location and health status of victims, first responders would be able to significantly reduce the evacuation time and save more lives. In this paper, an innovative real-time indoor localization system using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) is proposed. The system includes anchor nodes (antennas) that are mounted on three UAVs flying outside the building and can track the position of people wearing a smart bracelet (tags). The system allows measuring both the absolute and relative location between groups of nodes in 3D without relying on any fixed communication infrastructure that could fail because of the disruptive event. In addition, vital parameters such as heart rate and body temperature can be monitored for each victim and rescuer wearing the bracelet. Each UAV collects, processes, and transfers the data to a portable gateway. A software application with a graphical user interface was developed to display the real-time position of the UAVs and tags with a color-coded indication of the accuracy. Preliminary results of the on-field tests of the systems are presented and discussed
L’ Archivio Digitale Vivente e la costruzione di una memoria culturale partecipativa nel progetto DARE-UIA (Digital Environment for collaborative Alliances to Regenerate urban Ecosystems in middle-sized cities)
No full textLiving Archives perform a function of social memory sharing, which contributes to building social bonds, communities, and identities. This potential lays in the ability of Living Archives to put together an archival function, which allows with the conservation and transmission of memory, with an artistic, performative and creative function linked to the present. As part of the DARE-UIA (Digital environment for colaborative alliances to regenerate urban ecosystem in middle-sized cities) project, the creation of a living digital archive made possible to create a narrative that would consolidate the cultural memory of the Darsena district of the city of Ravenna. The aim of the project is to stimulate the urban regeneration of a suburban area of a city, enhancing its cultural memory and identity heritage, through digital heritage tools. The methodology used involves various digital storytelling actions necessary for the overall narrative using georeferencing systems (GIS), storymaps and 3D reconstructions for a transversal narration of historical content such as personal and institutional historical photos and to enhance the industrial archeology heritage of the neighborhood. The aim is the creation of an interactive and replicable narrative in similar contexts to the Darsena district in Ravenna. The Living Archive, in which all the digital contents are inserted, finds its manifestation towards the outside with the form of a museum spread throughout the neighborhood, making the contents usable on smartphones via QR codes and totems inserted on-site, creating thematic itineraries spread around the neighborhood. The construction of an interactive and engaging digital narrative has made possible to enhance the material and immaterial heritage of the neighborhood by recreating the community that has historically always distinguished it.Gli archivi viventi svolgono una funzione di condivisione sociale della memoria che contribuisce a costruire legami sociali, comunità e identità. Questo potenziale risiede nella capacità degli archivi viventi di mettere insieme una funzione archivistica, che si occupa di conservazione e trasmissione della memoria, con una funzione artistica, performativa e creativa legata al presente. Nell’ambito del progetto DARE-UIA (Digital environment for colaborative alliances to regenerate urban ecosystem in middle sized cities), la creazione di un archivio digitale vivente ha permesso di creare una narrazione che andasse a consolidare la memoria culturale del quartiere Darsena della città di Ravenna. L’obiettivo del progetto è di stimolare un processo di rigenerazione urbana di un quartiere periferico di una città, valorizzandone la memoria culturale e il patrimonio identitario, attraverso strumenti di digital heritage. La metodologia utilizzata ha previsto diverse azioni di digital storytelling necessarie alla narrazione complessiva utilizzando sistemi di georeferenziazione (GIS), storymap e ricostruzioni 3D per una narrazione trasversale di contenuti storici come foto d’epoca personali e istituzionali e per valorizzare il patrimonio di archeologia industriale del quartiere. L’obiettivo principale è la creazione di una narrazione interattiva e replicabile in contesti similari alla Darsena di Ravenna. L’archivio vivente all’interno del quale sono inseriti tutti i contenuti digitali trova la sua manifestazione verso l’esterno con la forma di museo diffuso nel quartiere, rendendo i contenuti fruibili su smartphone tramite QR code e totem inseriti on site, creando percorsi tematici diffusi attorno al quartiere. La costruzione di una narrazione digitale interattiva e coinvolgente ha permesso di valorizzare il patrimonio materiale e immateriale del quartiere ricreando la comunità che storicamente lo ha sempre distinto
Resilience analysis of large scale networks using the D-spectrum method
No full textInfrastructure systems are crucial for the development of communities because they provide essential services to the habitants. Here we focus on the transportation network, which is designed to provide a continuous service to the community. Due to its decisive role in the economy, governments and policy makers have been investing in developing strategies to increase the resilience of this kind of infrastructure against disruptive events.
In the literature, several methods to evaluate networks’ reliability and resilience can be found. The applicability of these methods is limited to small networks due to the computational complexities. In this paper, the case of city-scale road transportation networks is tackled. The case study considered in this work is the transportation network of a virtual, city called ‘Ideal City’. First, the road map of the city is transformed into an undirected graph with 15012 nodes and 19614 edges. A non-random gradual removal of the edges has been applied until the network’s failure point is reached. The edge removal process is related to the failure probabilities of the edges when the network is exposed to a certain hazard. In fact, the effect of hazards on the transportation network is not direct. The hazard exposes the building structures on the road sides to a failure risk. These structures if collapsed would cause the adjacent roads to be blocked and thus lose functionality due to the debris falling from the structures. For this purpose, a building infrastructure is modeled and the relationship between the level of damage of building and the amount of debris falling on the adjacent roads is developed. A Monte Carlo approach is used to generate failure permutations of edges considering their failure probabilities. The network reliability is then calculated using the Destruction Spectrum (D-spectrum) approach. In addition, the network’s edges have been ranked from the most to the least important by applying the Birnbaum Importance Measure (BIM). Due to the large size of the network, a number of computational problems have arisen. Therefore, several coding algorithms have been developed to allow evaluating both the reliability and the BIM indexes while avoiding computational errors.
The results obtained in this study are used to identify the vulnerable components of the network. The vulnerable components are the ones that should be focused on to improve the overall resilience of the infrastructure. The analysis concept adopted in this study is applicable to all network-based infrastructure systems such as water, gas, transportation, etc. Future work will be oriented towards applying the methodology to other network-based infrastructure systems
Valutazione e gestione del rischio da agenti chimici e biologici nelle strutture ospedaliere: esperienze applicative
No full textViene presentato l'approccio metodologico, ed i risultati delle misure di esposizione e valutazione del rischio in una struttura sanitaria complessa
Seismic risk assessment of natural gas networks at the urban scale
No full textModern societies have shown to be heavily dependent on critical infrastructures, which provide essential services and contribute significantly to social and economic evolution. The natural gas network plays a crucial role in a post-disaster event and, if damaged, it can have a severe impact on recovery and ultimately on community resilience. This paper focuses on the evaluation of the seismic risk of urban natural gas networks. A physical-based model is developed to simulate the effects of pipeline damage induced by the ground shaking and soil deformation. The gas network modeling, calibration, and flow updating are automated through a python-based simulation tool. The proposed analysis allows to estimate network damage in terms of gas leaks and pipe breaks. In addition to the inherent vulnerability of the pipelines, the dependency to the built environment is considered by removing network components that are located inside buildings completely damaged. This information is then used to identify branches that are possibly out of service and to quantify the risk in terms of users not supplied. The methodology provides an effective tool to identify the gas network vulnerabilities at the urban level and to further study countermeasures that can overall improve community resilience
Seismic vulnerability and resilience assessment of urban telecommunication networks
No full textABS TRACT Telecommunication infrastructures provide essential services to urban communities. During an emergency caused by a seismic event, their functionality is crucial to guarantee communication among users and also facilitate search and rescue operations. In this paper, a methodology to model and quantify the seismic vulnerability and resilience of wireless telecommunication networks is presented. The case study is a virtual city resembling a typical medium-sized European city. Three separate networks managed by as many mobile network operators have been designed out of information gathered from a crowdsourced database and visual satellite inspections. The interdependence with the built environment is taken into account by associating the failure of network components with the collapse of the buildings hosting them. Three vulnerability indexes for the resil-ience analysis of urban telecommunication networks have been defined considering failed telecommunication towers, throughput, and the number of users per base station. They have been calculated after four seismic scenarios with different characteristics and intensities
Methodology to Assess the Level of Service and Resilience of Rural Roads in Italian Seismic Zones: Challenges and Strategies for Improvement
No full textPublisher Copyright: © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.This study investigates the level of service (LOS) and level of resilience (LOR) of rural road transport infrastructures in Italian seismic zones, focusing on their unique vulnerabilities and the implications for local populations. Italy’s rural road network, characterized by its age and issues associated, faces significant challenges, especially during and after extreme events like seismic events, landslides, floodings and others. High travel times on these roads are exacerbated by frequent closures due to these extreme events induced damages, severely impacting accessibility. This research applies a new methodology to analyse the current LOS and LOR, highlighting the extended travel times and the roads’ inability to efficiently accommodate traffic flow as during normal conditions. Additionally, the study assesses the LOR, considering the duration and impact of road closures on community access to essential services, such as hospitals and workplaces. Using a combination of historical records, and resilience metrics, the study identifies critical weaknesses in the rural road network’s response and recovery capabilities.Peer reviewe
- …
