1,720,990 research outputs found
Serum and tissue markers in hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma: clinical and prognostic implications
Full text linkHCC represents the sixth most common cancer worldwide and the second leading cause of cancer-related death. Despite the high incidence, treatment options for advanced HCC remain limited and unsuccessful, resulting in a poor prognosis. Despite the major advances achieved in the diagnostic management of HCC, only one third of the newly diagnosed patients are presently eligible for curative treatments. Advances in technology and an increased understanding of HCC biology have led to the discovery of novel biomarkers. Improving our knowledge about serum and tissutal markers could ultimately lead to an early diagnosis and better and early treatment strategies for this deadly disease. Serum biomarkers are striking potential tools for surveillance and early diagnosis of HCC thanks to the non-invasive, objective, and reproducible assessments they potentially enable. To date, many biomarkers have been proposed in the diagnosis of HCC. Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an aggressive malignancy, characterized by early lymph node involvement and distant metastasis, with 5-year survival rates of 5%-10%. The identification of new biomarkers with diagnostic, prognostic or predictive value is especially important as resection (by surgery or combined with a liver transplant) has shown promising results and novel therapies are emerging. However, the relatively low incidence of CCA, high frequency of co-existing cholestasis or cholangitis (primary sclerosing cholangitis-PSC-above all), and difficulties with obtaining adequate samples, despite advances in sampling techniques and in endoscopic visualization of the bile ducts, have complicated the search for accurate biomarkers. In this review, we attempt to analyze the existing literature on this argument
Thyroid-like follicular carcinoma of the kidney: report of two cases with detailed immunohistochemical profile and literature review.
No full textThyroid-like follicular carcinoma of the kidney (TLFC) is an unusual histological variant of renal cell carcinoma not included in the current WHO classification of renal tumors. Its morphological features resemble a large spectrum of benign and malignant renal and extra-renal conditions which should be ruled out in the diagnostic process. Because TLFC outcome is different from the other variants of renal cell carcinoma, the exploration for disease-specific markers is mandatory. The aim of the present paper is to illustrate the histological characteristics and immunohistochemical profile of two new cases along with a brief review of the literature
Primary Non-Hodgkinʼs Lymphoma of the Vulva
Full text linkThe aim of this study was to add a new case of primary non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphoma of the vulva to the literature and to review the current literature.We searched the PubMed/MEDLINE databases for previous case reports using the key words "non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphoma of the vulva,'' "vulvar lymphoma,'' and "primary vulvar non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.'' We found 29 cases of primary vulvar non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphoma of the vulva reported until 2015. Among them, only 8 cases of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), classified according to the most recent 2008 WHO classification, were reported.Moreover, only few studies reported the therapeutic management and clinical follow-up of patients affected by this condition.Due to its uncommon presentation, the primary non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphoma of the vulva can be undiagnosed; thus gynecologists, oncologists, and pathologists should be aware of this condition, as a correct diagnosis is essential for an appropriate therapeutic management
Extramammary Paget disease of the vulva (VEMPD) with perianal involvement: a 30-year experience
No full textTriple synchronous invasive malignancies of the female genital tract in a patient with a history of leukemia: A case report and review of the literature
No full textBackground: Three primary synchronous cancers in the female genital tract are extremely rare. In the literature, only four studies have described three different invasive gynecologic cancers of epithelial origin identified simultaneously in the same patient.Case presentation: This is the first case in the literature that reports on triple primary ovarian, endometrial and endocervical cancers in a 38-year-old woman with a history of previously treated malignant disease (acute lymphatic leukemia). With a preoperative diagnosis of endocervical adenocarcinoma stage Ib1 (according to International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics-FIGO), as well as an adnexal mass, she underwent radical hysterectomy with bilateral adnexectomy. Pathologic examination of the surgical specimen revealed a mucinous adenocarcinoma of the cervix, an endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the uterine corpus, and a mucinous adenocarcinoma of the left ovary. Eighteen months after appropriate treatment, the patient is free of disease.Conclusion: The incidental diagnosis of more than one tumor is often a post-operative finding, usually with the detection of low-stage neoplasms. Multiple synchronous gynecologic cancers have a better prognosis than metastatic or advanced primitive disease. In a patient with multiple neoplasms, the prognosis is determined by the tumor with the worst prognosis
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Multiple preinvasive and invasive HPV-related lesions of the anogenital tract in a female patient with HIV infection
Full text linkRationale: Patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection have been shown to be at increased risk for high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection of the anogenital tract. Furthermore, in the last decades, the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has increased the longevity of these patients who now live long enough to develop HPV-related cancers; hence, the impact of HPV infection on HIV-positive patients is of increasing concern.Patient concerns: We reported the case of an HIV-positive female patient on HAART with a good virological and immunological response and with a long history of HPV-related intraepithelial and invasive lesions of the anogenital tract.Diagnoses: From 1996 to 2016, this patient was diagnosed with a high grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia; a HR- HPV positive inguinal lymph node metastasis from clinically undetectableprimary squamous cell carcinoma; a HPV-related vulvar high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion and an invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the anus.Interventions: All the intraepithelial and invasive lesions detected were properly treated, and subsequent follow up visits with gynecologic examination, anoscopy, pap smear and anal cytology were performed.Outcomes: After a recurrence of the anal cancer and a subsequent salvage surgery with abdominoperineal resection, at the last available follow up visit no sign of disease recurrence was found.Lessons: This case stresses the importance of an accurate multidisciplinary follow-up in HIV-positive patients, including not only the routine medical, immunological, and virological evaluation, but also a periodical complete examination of the anogenital tract with cervicovaginal and anal cytology, colposcopy, high resolution anoscopy, and vulvar examination
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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