1,721,012 research outputs found
Percorsi partecipativi autogestiti dalla cittadinanza: ParteciPrati e ParteciPrati-che
No full textIl contributo illustra due processi partecipativi autogestiti dalla cittadinanza in relazione al bosco urbano dei Prati di Caprara, esito di un processo di rinaturalizzazione spontanea in un'area ex militare, nelle sue relazioni conflittuali con i progetti di rigenerazione urbana delle politche locali e nazionali
Dal libro alla mappa. La Flora storica della Provincia di Bologna
No full textLe Flore sono opere che presentano l’elenco delle specie vegetali di un territorio, commentate criticamente e accompagnate da informazioni quali caratteri morfologici, luogo del ritrovamento, stagione di fioritura ecc. Da un lato esse sono intimamente influenzate dal contesto geografico e culturale in cui vengono scritte, dall’altro costituiscono un punto d’arrivo (non solo di partenza) dello stato delle conoscenze del territorio a cui si riferiscono.
La Flora della Provincia di Bologna di Girolamo Cocconi (1883) è una delle prime Flore locali dell’Italia post-unitaria, espressamente pensata per gli studenti e per quanti gradissero accrescere le proprie cognizioni di botanica. La sua genesi, situata in un’epoca di grande fermento intellettuale e artistico (basti pensare che in quegli stessi anni Giosuè Carducci aveva la cattedra di Letteratura Italiana all’Ateneo bolognese), è legata all’opera dei botanici Antonio e Giuseppe Bertoloni, che dal 1816 al 1878, oltre ad avere fortemente improntato il panorama scientifico bolognese (e anche nazionale), esplorarono a lungo il territorio provinciale.
La maggior parte dei dati contenuti nella Flora di Cocconi fu però raccolta in un ristretto arco temporale: in pratica, essa fornisce una sorta di fotografia dello scenario floristico dell’epoca in cui fu composta. Si tratta, per certi versi, di un’opera tuttora insuperata, giacché non ne esiste una analoga pubblicata ai giorni nostri, sebbene l’esplorazione floristica provinciale sia sempre proseguita, espressa in numerosi articoli e segnalazioni contenute in banche dati come Acta Plantarum (http://www.actaplantarum.org/). Poiché essa raccoglie in maniera sistematica i dati di Antonio e Giuseppe Bertoloni, il loro lavoro, quantunque risalga a quasi 200 anni fa, è parte fondamentale dell’unica Flora formalmente pubblicata disponibile per gli studiosi del territorio locale.
I dati contenuti nella Flora sono ora parte della Banca Dati della Flora della Regione Emilia-Romagna e le località stesse sono state da noi georeferenziate: ciò permette di quantificare e spazializzare i dati in essa presenti (7767 segnalazioni floristiche, 659 località citate) e, attraverso di essi, gli autori e le specie, e consente altresí una rilettura in chiave contemporanea di questo prezioso volume e nuove possibilità di analisi. Per la descrizione dei risultati ottenuti, si è preferita una spiegazione limitata ai dati essenziali, con esposizione prevalentemente iconografica come la materia richiede
Floristic diversity in different urban ecological niches of a southern European city
Full text linkThe present paper aimed at studying the vertical and horizontal spatial distribution, species richness
and diversity of vascular plants in different urban ecological niches (urban habitats) by means of the
case study of Bologna (Italy), a typical densely populated southern European city. A total of 477 species
were found in the study area of the historical city centre, 30% of which were alien species. Alien plant
species were mainly present among phanerophytes, while native plants were mainly therophytes
and hemicryptophytes. The habitats that mostly contributed to the species total richness were seminatural
soils, followed by paved areas, walls, rooftops and manholes. The number of exclusive species
decreased according to the selectiveness of the habitat, with manholes and rooftops being the most
selective. The presence of hemicryptophytes constant decreased going from 27% of more humid
habitats to 5% of more arid habitats, so that they can be considered a water availability biomarker.
Urban habitat quality, measured by the number of native species, was directly proportional to the
strength of selective factors and inversely proportional to the rate of disturbance, with roofs and seminatural
soils having, respectively, the highest and lowest quality. Finally, a relation between species
richness and street characteristics, like width, orientation and type of flooring, was demonstrated
Historical Floras: addressing their genesis in order to be viewed from a modern-day perspective. A case study from Northern Italy
Full text linkHistorical Floras are biodiversity-oriented textual sources, which refer to times when scientific methods were far different compared to the present. They are also geographical documents, as the entire work is referred to a focal region explored by certain collectors and following certain principles, since the taxa recorded are usually accompanied by a description of the locality of the observation. Retrospective georeferencing, as well as taxonomic revision, of the records in Historical Floras are, however, very challenging processes, which are usually not taken into account. As a result, very few global overviews of Historical Floras exist to date. In this article we present the analysis of the 7767 floristic records of the late XIX century Flora of the province of Bologna (N-Italy) compiled by Girolamo Cocconi. We processed these records by georeferencing them, whenever possible, to 659 pairs of coordinates and coupling them with the analysis of the collectors involved besides the author, as to provide the spatial and temporal dimension that permits us to further understand the taxonomic information given by the species listed. This allowed us to detect a bias in the exploration of the territory, which depended on accessibility and/or attractivity of the areas for fieldwork and shifted through time as function of the available collaborators who influenced the definition of the floristic pattern of the territory. Finally, we provided a diachronic analysis with the present flora to document the most significant land use changes based on selected floristic target groups
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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