1,721,034 research outputs found
Tautsch. Libro per imparare a parlare e a scrivere la parlata di Giazza
No full textTraduzione in lingua italiana della Grammatica scritta in cimbro da Giuseppe Cappelleti e Bruno Schweizer, pubblicata nel 1942/'44 dalla Casa Editrice Ferrari-Auer di Bolzano
La grammatica cimbra di Cappelletti-Schweizer
No full textIl contributo si articola in quattro sezioni: 1. Il cimbro - una palestra per i giovani studiosi di linguistica tedesca; 2. Tautsch. Poux tze lirnan reidan un scraiban iz Gareida on Ljetzan (2.1 La struttura della grammatica, 2.2 Parte quarta: I pronomi); 3. Il fenomeno della cliticizzazione al verbo flesso - uno spartiacque sintattico fra lingue romanze e lingue germaniche; 4. L'enclisi dell'oggetto pronominale - dativo/accusativo/riflessivo - alla voce verbale flessa
Resilient Subject Agreement Morpho-Syntax in the Germanic Romance Contact Area
Full text linkIn this work, we intend to investigate one fundamental aspect of language contact by comparing the distribution of subjects in German, Northern Italian dialects and Cimbrian. Here, we show that purely syntactic order phenomena are more prone to convergence, i.e., less resilient, while phenomena that have a clearly identifiable morphological counterpart are more resilient. The empirical domain of investigation for our analysis is the morphosyntax of both nominal and pronominal subjects, the agreement pattern and their position in Cimbrian grammar. While agreement patterns display a highly conservative paradigm, the syntax of nominal (vP-peripheral and topicalized) subjects is innovative and mimics the Italian linear word order
La figura di Georg Wenker: le inchieste dialettali fra passione personale e ricerca istituzionale
Full text linkQuesto contributo è dedicato alla figura di Georg Wenker (1852–1911) che è il padre dello Sprachatlas des Deutschen Reichs e, quindi, uno dei massimi esponenti della dialettologia tedesca. Il contributo fa parte degli atti del seminario dedicato alla memoria della figura e dell’opera del Monsignor Cappelletti (1871–1958) perché ambedue i personaggi si trovavano ai margini della ricerca istituzionale e erano spinti a lavorare sui dialetti da una forte passione personale
L ́"accordo" dal ́700 al ́900: tra morfologia e sintassi nelle lingue Indoeuropee
No full textThe term “agreement” is introduced into Indo-European syntax by Brgumann and Delbruck, and later elaborated by Hirt. Despite the various treatments of this syntactic feature which also take into account the special problems of the Indo-European languages, such as those by W.P
La nozione di accordo nella grammatica genrativa: dalle strutture della sintassi al programma minimalista
No full textAgreement is a crucial grammatical concept throughout the whole history of (western) classical tradition from Dionysus Thrax’ treatise (where morphological agreement was introduced as the basic criterion to individuate word classes) until most recent developments of grammar models where agreement acquires the status of a syntactic notion.
Starting from the critical survey of the last 200 years of syntactic studies offered by Graffi (2001), we concentrate our attention on the role assigned to the notion of Agreement within the generative grammar framework with particular reference to the last developments of the GB model (Chomsky 1981, 1982, 1986) and to the evolution of the Minimalist Program from its first proposal (Chomsky 1993) to its most recent reformulations (Chomsky 1995, 2000, 2004, 2008).
The first two decades of generative grammar studies (from Syntactic Structures to the Pisa Lectures) saw the crucial passage from a grammar of rules (and constraints on rules) to a model of principles and parameters. During this whole period the exocentric structure of the sentence remained some sort of "primitive" of syntactic analysis:
a. S → NP VP (Chomsky 1957, 1965)
b. S → NP INFL VP (Chomsky 1981)
The introduction of the category INFL represented nevertheless a fundamental change for the notion of Subject Agreement from a pure morphological concept whose realization implied the application of a lexical (language specific) rule to a universal syntactic category whose postulation was not justified by overt morphology. Its activation was simply linked to the positive value of Tense feature in INFL:
c. INFL → +/- Tense (AGR)
During the 80s the status of AGR was invested by two further implementations of sentence analysis:
i) X-BAR theory was extended to functional categories = sentence structure was analyzed as an endocentric construction corresponding to INFL''/COMP'' (cf. Chomsky 1986);
ii) INFL'' was split into two independent projections, respectively Tense Phrase (TP) and Agreement Phrase (AgrP) (cf. Moro 1988, Pollock 1989, Belletti 1990).
These two implementations had a great impact on the theory of movement and its role in the definition of interlinguistic variations. Head movement (in particular V° movement) became a powerful and sophisticated device for a detailed analysis of typological classifications.
The theoretical consequences of this fruitful decade find formalization in the first phase of the Minimalist Program (1993) whose main points with respect to Agreement are the following:
- The doubling of AgrP (both Subject and Object Agreement head independent projections who crucially enter in the definition of Case Theory);
- The development of the checking theory which directly linked "move α" to the feature characterization of functional heads (weak versus strong features), ultimately linked to overt morphology.
In the successive intermediate phase (1995; 2000), Chomsky and others recognize that Agreement has no semantic content and that its simulation as an independent functional head present in the lexicon is not justified. Agreement remains a configurationally relation, but more structural than substantial: (multiple) specifier head agreement is assumed to be the crucial configuration for feature checking. And its central role in explaining movement and cross-linguistic variation remains.
In the most recent phase (2004, 2008) Agree gets to be an operation, completely devoided of any configurational status. Agree is an operation holding at a distance by which an unvalued feature (a Probe) searches and finds a matching valued feature (a Goal) valuating it. In this brand new definition, agreement gets dissociated both from dislocation and movement whatsoever (an additional mechanism forcing movement needs to be introduced) and from cross-linguistic variation and its morphological correlate.
The complex evolution of such a central notion in the syntactic theory will be reconstructed at the light of the analysis of some representative articles of the various phases outlined above. The final goal of our paper if to relate the evolution of the concept of Agreement to other important shifts within the Generative Model, concerning in particular the role and status of movement: from a ‘radical imperfection’ (Chomsky 1995) to a ‘conceptual necessity’ (Chomsky 2006 a.o.); from a primitive to a special instance of the structure-building operation Merge driven by pervasive Agreement
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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