38 research outputs found
Sulla rivoluzione arendtiana
No full textHannah Arendt reversed what tradition had consecrated as a revolutionary. Far from the conception of Marx and Marxism, which, at the time, was the only expression perceived as authentically revolutionary, Arendt showed the brought about violence expressed by a history of wars and revolutions. The revolutionary act is, instead, for Arendt, to begin something entirely new and cannot be identified with the project or with the result. The essay analyzes the epistemological revolution and the revolutionary method that the author used in her examination of history, the consonances with authors such as Ch. Péguy, who had the opportunity to read during her time as a refugee in Paris and who left deep traces in her work and dissonances with respect to sociology, emerging new science in America
Nate per incominciare. Qualità femminile e autorità linguistica del materno in Hannah Arendt
No full textroprio la nascita è, in quanto forza creatrice e potenziale innovativo, la fonte originaria della li- bertà umana: vale a dire di ogni forma di libertà ingenita. Proprio in questa intuizione filosofica è la forza del concetto di natality in Arendt. Dire nascita è per Arendt un altro modo, in effetti, di dire libertà. Una libertà nativa che trova espressione nella lingua materna e che non è mai la conseguenza automatica della fine, anche se la ricerca concettuale ha, per millenni, dichiarato vero il contrario
Correlation of OD Matrix and Traffic Volume with Functional Data Analysis: A Simulation-Based Case Study in the City of Portici
No full textNon-compliance in surgical patients with herniated lumbar discs: an application of a latent class model as selection model
No full textIn a recent prospective observational study carried out on a sample of patients with herniated lumbar discs who underwent physiotherapy, the recovery rate of those who had been recommended surgical treatment, but did not comply and chose physiotherapy instead, was not appreciably different from that of the other patients, although their prognosis was worse. In order to investigate whether this finding may be due to a confounding effect induced by unobserved features of the patients, we have fitted to the data a latent class model which considers the joint probability of recovery and two other response variables presumably affected by individual choice (participation rate and compliance) as dependent on a latent variable and a set of covariates. Thus the assumption of conditional independence is relaxed and conditional association is modelled by regressing the outcomes one on the other.
The results of our study indicate that the latent classes may be interpreted as dividing the patients according to whether they are highly versus moderately motivated towards therapy. More precisely, conditionally on the rest of the covariates, the more motivated subjects attend a larger number of therapy sessions and seem to benefit much more from the therapy. In addition, the fact that the proportion of less motivated patients among non-compliers is tiny may be due to a selection mechanism, which may explain the surprisingly good performance of physiotherapy for these patients
Correction to: Long-term treatment of hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis with patisiran: multicentre, real-world experience in Italy(Neurological Sciences, (2024), 10.1007/s10072-024-07494-9)
No full textThe article “Long‐term treatment of hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis with patisiran: multicentre, real‐world experience in Italy”, written by Luca Gentile, Anna Mazzeo, Chiara Briani, Silvia Casagrande, Marcella De Luca1, Gian Maria Fabrizi, Christian Gagliardi, Chiara Gemelli, Francesca Forcina, Marina Grandis, Valeria Guglielmino, Giacomo Iabichella, Luca Leonardi, Alessandro Lozza, Fiore Manganelli, Roberta Mussinelli, Filomena My, Giuseppe Occhipinti, Silvia Fenu, Massimo Russo, Angela Romano, Alessandro Salvalaggio, Matteo Tagliapietra, Stefano Tozza, Giovanni Palladini, Laura Obici and Marco Luigetti, was originally published electronically on the publisher’s internet portal on 16 April 2024 without open access. With the author(s)’ decision to opt for Open Choice the copyright of the article changed on 27 July 2024 to © The Author(s) 2024 and the article is forthwith distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0. The original article has been corrected
Integrating a prospective pilot trial and patient-derived xenografts to trace metabolic changes associated with acute myeloid leukemia
No full textAbstract Despite the considerable progress in understanding the molecular bases of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), new tools to link disease biology to the unpredictable patient clinical course are still needed. Herein, high-throughput metabolomics, combined with the other “-omics” disciplines, holds promise in identifying disease-specific and clinically relevant features. In this study, we took advantage of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to trace AML-associated metabolic trajectory employing two complementary strategies. On the one hand, we performed a prospective observational clinical trial to identify metabolic changes associated with blast clearance during the first two cycles of intensive chemotherapy in nine adult patients. On the other hand, to reduce the intrinsic variability associated with human samples and AML genetic heterogeneity, we analyzed the metabolic changes in the plasma of immunocompromised mice upon engraftment of primary human AML blasts. Combining the two longitudinal approaches, we narrowed our screen to seven common metabolites, for which we observed a mirror-like trajectory in mice and humans, tracing AML progression and remission, respectively. We interpreted this set of metabolites as a dynamic fingerprint of AML evolution. Overall, these NMR-based metabolomic data, to be consolidated in larger cohorts and integrated in more comprehensive system biology approaches, hold promise for providing valuable and non-redundant information on the systemic effects of leukemia
Non-compliance in surgical patients with herniated lumbar discs
No full text In a recent observational study on a sample of patients with herniated lumbar discs who underwent physiotherapy, the recovery rate of those who chose physiotherapy rather than surgery, as recommended, was not appreciably different from that of the other patients, although their prognosis was worse. To investigate whether this finding was due to a confounding effect induced by unobserved features of the patients, we fit a latent class model for the joint distribution of compliance, participation rate and recovery, given the individual attitude (modelled as latent variable) and a set of covariates. The usual assumption of local independence is relaxed in favour of conditional association between the observed variables given the latent one. The results indicate that the latent classes may be interpreted as dividing the patients according to whether they are highly versus moderately motivated towards physiotherapy: conditionally on the covariates, the more motivated subjects attend a larger number of therapy sessions and benefit much more from the therapy. In addition, the fact that the proportion of less motivated patients among non-compliers is very small may be due to a self-selection mechanism, which may explain the surprisingly good performance of physiotherapy for these patients. </jats:p
Feasibility analysis of an innovative naval on-board power-train system with hydrogen- based PEMFC technology
No full textThe maritime transportation sector is one of the main contributors to global emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), particulate matter (PM), hazardous air pollutants, NOX and SOX. In particular, it is estimated that the CO2 emissions in this sector are about 1 Gt every year.
The International Maritime Organization (IMO) adopted stringent emission limits in its Tier III regulation, most notably on NOX and SOX emissions and pledged to reach a reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from international shipments by at least 50% by the year 2050, compared to 2008 emissions. For emission control areas (ECAs) these requirements are particularly strict and will be difficult to meet with traditional diesel engines and bunker fuels. Therefore, ship owners need to adopt solutions to bring emissions within these and other future limits by means of environmentally friendly fuels and high efficiency propulsion technologies. In this context, hydrogen and fuel cells play a crucial role, thanks to their low criteria pollutant and GHG emission.
This paper presents a techno-economic feasibility study for replacing the conventional diesel engine powertrain, usually employed in Ro-Pax ferries, with an innovative system based on polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) technology. The ferry is actually powered by four diesel engines, which deliver a total output of 37.8 MW. The ferry also has two auxiliary engines which give an output of 4.0 MW and also two 2.0 MW bow thrusters for its manoeuvring. The energy analysis has allowed to define the hydrogen consumption for each cruise, as well as the optimal size of the innovative propulsion system. In particular, The PEMFC powertrain is sized at the same maximum power output as the main diesel engine and, thanks to the modular architecture of fuel cells and their flexible performance at partial load, the auxiliary engines are not contemplated. Moreover, in order to identify the best solution in terms of ship’s weight and space requirements, two hydrogen storage solutions based on compressed hydrogen technology and liquefied hydrogen technology, have been analyzed and compared. The economic assessment has been carried out by estimating the CAPEX and OPEX for each H2 storage technology by considering short-term, mid-term and long-term scenarios (from 2020 to 2050)
Enteric Microbiome Markers as Early Predictors of Clinical Outcome in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant: Results of a Prospective Study in Adult Patients
No full textAbstract
Background
Infections and graft-vs-host disease (GvHD) still represent major, not easily predictable complications in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (allo-HSCT). Both conditions have been correlated to altered enteric microbiome profiles during the peritransplant period. The main objective of this study was to identify possible early microbiome-based markers useful in pretransplant risk stratification.
Methods
Stool samples were collected from 96 consecutive patients at the beginning of the pretransplant conditioning regimen (T0) and at 10 (T1) and 30 (T2) days following transplant. When significant in univariate analysis, the identified microbiome markers were used in multivariate regression analyses, together with other significant clinical variables for allo-HSCT-related risk stratification. Four main outcomes were addressed: (1) septic complications, (2) GvHD, (3) relapse of the underlying disease, and (4) mortality.
Results
The presence of &gt;5% proinflammatory Enterobacteriaceae at T0 was the only significant marker for the risk of microbiologically confirmed sepsis. Moreover, ≤10% Lachnospiraceae at T0 was the only significant factor for increased risk of overall mortality, including death from both infectious and noninfectious causes.
Finally, a low bacterial alpha-diversity (Shannon index ≤ 1.3) at T1 was the only variable significantly correlating with an increased risk of GvHD within 30 days.
Conclusions
Microbiome markers can be useful in the very early identification of patients at risk for major transplant-related complications, offering new tools for individualized preemptive or therapeutic strategies to improve allo-HSCT outcomes.
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