1,720,972 research outputs found
Beneficios nutricionales de alimentos elaborados con Ramón para los adultos mayores
No full texthttps://www.gob.mx/cms/uploads/attachment/file/666117/NCS_No7.pd
Beneficios potenciales de alimentos funcionales diseñados para el adulto mayor con sarcopenia
No full texthttp://www.ugto.mx/redicinaysa/images/publicaciones/2019/REDICINAYSA-VOL-8-NO-1-ENERO-FEBRERO--2019.pd
Ingestión de compuestos fenólicos en población adulta mayor (consumption of phenolic compounds in the elderly population).
No full textIntroducción: en la actualidad, la población adulta mayor se encuentra en aumento y, con ello, la presencia de enfermedades. Los compuestos fenólicos son sustancias que tienen propiedades antioxidantes y pueden impactar en la prevención del daño oxidativo, muy relacionado con el inicio de diversas enfermedades. La mayoría de los compuestos fenólicos son bioaccesibles y biodisponibles mediante vías mecánicas, enzimáticas y químicas. Sin embargo, durante el envejecimiento se modifican estos factores afectando la absorción de estos compuestos.
Objetivo: conocer la información reciente relacionada con el consumo de compuestos fenólicos y sus implicaciones para la salud en los adultos mayores. Métodos: se realizó una búsqueda en diferentes bases académicas y/o motores de búsqueda (EBSCOHOST, PubMed y Science Direct) sobre consumo total de fenoles en adultos mayores. Esta información fue analizada y subclasificada considerando enfermedades crónicas. Resultados: los adultos mayores tienen una ingesta de compuestos fenólicos que oscila de 280 ± 130 a 2.771 ± 1.552 mg/día y la cantidad que refleja un beneficio frente enfermedades cardiovasculares, síndrome metabólico y diabetes en adultos mayores oscila de 322 ± 153 a 2.861 mg/día.
Conclusión: en algunos casos, el consumo de polifenoles en el adulto mayor no es suficiente para generar una prevención frente a diferentes enfermedades, por lo que se recomienda incrementar su cantidad. Existen diferentes situaciones que modifican la bioaccesibilidad y biodisponibilidad, entre ellas la deficiencia de transportadores de polifenoles, por lo que la cantidad necesaria se modifica para llevar a cabo su acción en el organismo. Además, existen pocos estudios de este tipo en esta población, por lo que se recomienda realizar más investigaciones
The Symbiosis Between Lactobacillus acidophilus and Inulin: Metabolic Benefits in an Obese Murine Model
No full textObesity is defined as having an excess of adipose tissue and is associated with the development of diabetes, hypertension, and atherosclerosis, which are the main causes of death worldwide. Research shows that probiotics and prebiotics reduce the metabolic alterations caused by high-fat diets. Therefore, this work evaluated the effect of the incorporation of Lactobacillus acidophilus (probiotic) and inulin (prebiotic) in the diet through obesity markers (biochemical, anthropometric, and molecular markers) in an obese murine model. Four treatments were administered: (1) hypocaloric diet (HD), (2) HD + L. acidophilus, (3) HD + inulin, and (4) DH supplemented with L. acidophilus + inulin for 8 weeks. After treatment, glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL-C, and LDL-C in plasma were determined. In addition, the total body weight and adipose tissue were taken to calculate the body mass index. Following RNA extraction from adipose tissue, the expression of PPAR gamma, PPAR alpha, and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF1β) was evaluated by semiquantitative PCR. All treatments showed an improvement in biochemical markers compared to the values of the obese model (p < 0.05). Optimal values for blood glucose (133.2 ± 14.3 mg/dL), triglycerides (71 ± 4.6 mg/dL), total cholesterol (48.9 ± 6 mg/dL), HDL-C (40.9 ± 4.8 mg/dL), and LDL-C (8.4 ± 1.7 mg/dL) were obtained in the mixed treatment. Regarding fat mass index (FMI), prebiotic treatment caused the greatest reduction. On the other hand, mixed treatment increased the gene expression of PPARα and TGF1β in adipose tissue with DH with L. acidophilus and inulin treatment. This work demonstrates that the use of L. acidophilus and inulin as a complementary treatment is a viable alternative for prevention and action as a complementary treatment for obesity given the reduction in biochemical parameters and anthropometric indices; these reductions were greater than those found in the classic treatment of obesity due to the induction of the expression of genes related to lipid metabolism and anti-inflammatory cytokines, which contribute to reducing the high levels of glucose, triglycerides, and cholesterol caused by obesity
Componentes del síndrome metabólico y su relación con la masa grasa en adultos mayores de Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua
No full texthttps://www.cmnutriologos.org/recursos/312.pd
Calidad de vida en el adulto mayor desamparado, asilado en Ciudad Juárez Chihuahua, México
No full textResumen. Este trabajo se refiere a la investigación realizada por un grupo multidisciplinario de Ciudad Juarez Chihuahua y de Mérida Yucatán en México. Se refiere al estado nutricio, sarcopenia y calidad de vida de 21 adultos mayores desamparados (en situación de calle) y asilados, con edades entre 60 y 82 años, residentes de la Casa Hogar Príncipe de Paz, en Ciudad Juarez, Chihuahua. Se utilizo un enfoque cuantitativo, con temporalidad trasversal, para identificar sus condiciones físicas, cognoscitiva, y psicosocial, mediante los siguientes instrumentos: cuestionario de datos sociodemográficos, la escala de vida de la World Health Organization Quality of Life -Old (WHOQOL-OLD) Mini Evaluation Nutritional (MNA), Grupo Europeo de trabajo sobre Sarcopenia en Personas de Edad Avanzada (EWGOP, por sus siglas en ingles) y el Índice de Katz de independencia en las actividades de la vida diaria. Los resultados muestran que los adultos mayores desamparados en un 67% se encuentran en riesgo de malnutrición, asimismo se presenta en un 60% el riesgo de avance del síndrome que se caracteriza por la perdida gradual y generalizada de la masa muscular esquelética (sarcopenia). Finalmente se concluye que los adultos mayores desamparados se percibieron con una calidad de vida global como regular
Efecto de los prebióticos, probióticos y simbióticos sobre marcadores moleculares de inflamación en la obesidad
No full textBACKGROUND // Obesity is an inflammatory disease that is widely distributed in the world’s population and is related to the leading
causes of death. The use of prebiotics and probiotics can be an alternative treatment against obesity. Although there have been found
physiological and biochemical effects of its use, the molecular mechanism remains unclear. The present review analyzed articles
that suggested the activation of pathways related to the metabolism of the fatty acids, as well as the impact on anti-inflammatory
mechanisms, as part of the mechanism of action of prebiotics and probiotics, to know therefore the possible pathways activated by
the prebiotics and probiotics.
METHODS // Exhaustive research was made on articles included in the period 2005-2021 related to the effect of prebiotics and probiotics
in obesity, inflammatory diseases, and metabolic diseases. Identifying an effect on anti-inflammatory cytokines and PPAR modulation,
with a consequent decrease in inflammation and fat degradation.
RESULTS // A total of sixty-three articles were obtained, which were classified as basic information on molecular markers of obesity,
the effect of prebiotics and probiotics in obesity, and articles related to anti-inflammatory effects and fatty acid metabolism observed
in obesity and other inflammatory diseases.
CONCLUSIONS // The effect of prebiotics and probiotics in obesity can be linked to the anti-inflammatory mechanism produced,
and this effect leads to an increase in the expression of genes related to fatty acid metabolism.FUNDAMENTOS // La obesidad es una enfermedad ampliamente distribuida en el mundo y resulta una de las principales causas
de mortalidad. El uso de prebióticos y probióticos promete una alternativa en el tratamiento de la obesidad, a pesar de los efectos
fisiológicos y bioquímicos encontrados, aunque no está aún esclarecido el mecanismo molecular. Por lo que, en la presente revisión,
se analizaron artículos que sugerían la activación de vías relacionadas al metabolismo de grasas y azúcares, así como el impacto en
los mecanismos antinflamatorios, como parte del mecanismo de acción de los prebióticos y probióticos, con la finalidad de conocer
las posibles vías de acción por las cuales se puede obtener el efecto observado.
MÉTODOS // Fue realizada una búsqueda exhaustiva de artículos comprendidos en el periodo 2005-2021 relacionados con el efecto
de los prebióticos y probióticos en la obesidad y las enfermedades tanto inflamatorias como metabólicas.
RESULTADOS // Fueron obtenidos un total de sesenta y tres artículos, los cuales fueron clasificados en: información básica de marcadores
moleculares de obesidad; efecto de prebióticos y probióticos en la obesidad; artículos de relación efectos antinflamatorios y
metabolismo de grasas observados en la obesidad y otras enfermedades inflamatorias. Se identificó un efecto sobre las citoquinas
antinflamatorias y la modulación de los PPAR, con consecuente disminución de la inflamación y degradación de grasas.
CONCLUSIONES // El efecto de los prebióticos y probióticos en la obesidad se sugiere está ligado al mecanismo antinflamatorio que
producen, lo que a su vez conlleva a un aumento en la expresión de genes relacionados con el metabolismo de grasas
Identification of Amino Acids and Polyphenolic Metabolites in Human Plasma by UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS, after the Chronic Intake of a Functional Meal in an Elderly Population
No full textNovel foods especially formulated and targeted for the elderly population should provide
sufficient nutrients and bioactive ingredients to counteract the natural age-related deterioration of
various organs and tissues. Dietary protein and phenolic compounds achieve this goal; however,
older adults have alterations in their gastrointestinal system that may impact their bioavailability and
few studies have been aimed at this population. Since phenolic compounds are the subject of multiple
biotransformations by host and microbiome enzymes during the digestion process, identification of
their bioavailable forms in human plasma or tissues represents a considerable analytical challenge.
In this study, UHPLC-ESI-QTOF/MS-MS, chemometrics, and multivariate statistical methods were
used to identify the amino acids and phenolic compounds that were increased in the plasma of
elderly adults after a 30-day intervention in which they had consumed an especially formulated
muffin and beverage containing Brosimum alicastrum Sw. seed flour. A large interindividual variation
was observed regarding the amino acids and phenolic metabolites identified in the plasma samples,
before and after the intervention. Three phenolic metabolites were significantly increased in the
population after the intervention: protocatechuic acid, 5-(methoxy-4′-hydroxyphenyl) valerolactone,
and phloretic acid. These metabolites, as well as others that were not significantly increased (although
they did increase in several individuals), are probably the product of the microbiota metabolism of
the major phenolic compounds present in the B. alicastrum Sw. seed flour and other food ingredients.
A significant decrease in 4-ethyl-phenol, a biomarker of stress, was observed in the samples. Results
showed that the incorporation of foods rich in phenolic compounds into the regular diet of older
adults contributes to the increase in bioactive compounds in plasma, that could substantially benefit
their mental, cardiovascular, and digestive health
Association of a Mediterranean Diet and Fruit and Vegetable Consumption with Subjective Well-Being among Adults with Overweight and Obesity
Get PDFRecent evidence suggests that among behavioral-lifestyle factors, adherence to a healthy
dietary pattern such as the Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) is linked not only to better psychological
health and mental positive status but also to increased subjective well-being (SWB). Nevertheless,
this association has been unexplored among individuals with excessive weight. This study explored
whether adherence to the MedDiet and the intake of healthy foods such as fruits and vegetables (FV)
are associated with increased happiness and life satisfaction among Spanish adults with overweight or
obesity when weight, body image, and body satisfaction are also considered. A convenience sample
of adult individuals with excessive weight completed self-reports on the study variables, and weight
and BMI were measured by bioimpedance. No evidence of a relationship with SWB indicators was
obtained for MedDiet global indicators, probably due to the low adherence to a healthy diet by these
individuals. In contrast, FV intake, as a powerful indicator of healthy eating, was associated with life
satisfaction when BMI and body image dimensions were considered, among which body satisfaction
had a key role. Moreover, life satisfaction fully mediated the relationship between FV consumption
and happiness. Our findings are expected to make a relevant contribution to knowledge on the
positive correlates or protective factors for overall well-being in obesity, including dietary habits
and body appreciation. Our results may inform obesity management actions focused on inclusive,
positive aesthetic models and promoting a healthy lifestyle for happiness in obesity.“Psicología de
la Salud/Medicina Conductual” Research Group (CTS-267) and “Psicología del Ejercicio, el Deporte
y la Salud” Research Group (CTS-980) by the Junta de Andalucía (Spain)Research
Project “Quality of Life and Body Image in Adults with Obesity” (PIVA Projects, Ref. ICB2) by the
Universidad Autónoma Ciudad Juárez (Mexico
Psychosocial and Diet-Related Lifestyle Clusters in Overweight and Obesity
Get PDFThis study explored intraindividual multidimensional profiles integrating psychosocial
factors, namely, body image and satisfaction, weight-related self-stigma, positivity, and happiness,
and behavioural-lifestyle factors, namely, adherence to a healthy diet, among Spanish adults with
overweight or obesity. We further aimed to investigate the association of excess weight (i.e., measured
body mass index, BMI) with the abovementioned multidimensional configurations. A convenience
sample of 100 adult individuals (60% females) with excessive weight (69% overweight; 31% obesity)
was recruited. They completed self-reports regarding the study variables, and their weight and height
were measured. With a perspective centered on the individual, a cluster analysis was performed.
Three distinct intraindividual psychosocial and diet-related profiles were identified: a group of
healthy individuals with excess weight (46%); a group of individuals who were negatively affected
by their excessive weight and showed the most distressed profile (18%); and a group of dysfunctional
individuals who seemed to be excessively unrealistic and optimistic regarding their excessive weight
and unhealthy lifestyles, but were troubled by their weight (36%). Furthermore, individuals in the
affected cluster had higher obesity (mean BMI ± SD = 32.1 ± 3.7) than those in the clusters of healthy
(28.0 ± 3.0) and dysfunctional individuals (28.1 ± 3.3) (p < 0.05). The results showed that there
are specific psychosocial and lifestyle profiles in the adult population with excess weight and that
there are relationships among psychological, behavioural, and body-composition factors. For clinical
application purposes, it is important to account for the heterogeneity within individuals who are
obese and to individualize the interventions, with a focus from weight change to the individual’s
overall well-being.“Psicología de
la Salud/Medicina Conductual” Research Group (CTS-267)“Psicología del Ejercicio, el Deporte
y la Salud” Research Group (CTS-980) by the Junta de Andalucía (Spain)Research
Project “Quality of life and body image in adults with obesity” (PIVA Projects, Ref. ICB2) by the
Universidad Autónoma Ciudad Juárez (Mexico
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