1,721,223 research outputs found
Data on the valorization of furfural to γ-valerolactone in liquid-phase continuous-flow over Zr/Sn zeolite-supported catalysts
No full textThe present dataset contains data related to the valorization of furfural to gamma-valerolactone in a liquid-phase continuous-flow reactor. In particular, the effect of different amounts of Sn and Zr impregnated on dealuminated HY zeolite were explored, along with stability and regeneration tests. Data include all the results of the catalytic tests presented and discussed in the article, as well as the raw data of the materials characterization
Composizione solida per la catalisi eterogenea e relative procedimento di preparazione
No full textSpray-Freeze-drying (SFD) is a drying method often encountered in pharmaceutical industry as well as in the processing of food. With this procedure, thermo-labile compounds can be dried at low temperatures to produce spherical porous particles and forming high-surface area systems. Indeed, using this method, a solvent can be removed without exposing the systems to tensile forces of a receding meniscus. Therefore, it is a suitable drying technique to develop porosity in inorganic and polymeric materials.
For catalyst preparation, freeze-drying has been suggested to reduce precursor solution mobility during drying and therefore control the location of deposition of the precursor phase. Moreover, the technique can be utilized to the homogeneous embedding of the active phases into the support, minimizing the possibility of phase separation on a molecular scale, as also demonstrated for drugs. Nevertheless, few applications have been reported in the catalytic field until now.
In this work, SPD was successfully applied for the preparation of polymer/oxides composites (perfluorosulfonic superacid resin- Aquivion® PFSA with various oxides) with very high surface area and homogeneous dispersion of different components
Chemicals and Fuels from Bio-Based Building Blocks
No full textAn up-to-date and two volume overview of recent developments in the field of chemocatalytic processes for the transformation of renewable material into essential chemicals and fuels.
Experts from both academia and industry discuss catalytic processes currently under development as well as those already in commercial use for the production of bio-fuels and bio-based commodity chemicals. As such, they cover drop-in commodity chemicals and fuels, as well as bio-based monomers and polymers, such as acrylic acid, glycols, polyesters and polyolefins. In addition, they also describe reactions applied to waste and biomass valorization and integrated biorefining strategies.
With its comprehensive coverage of the topic, this is an indispensable reference for chemists working in the field of catalysis, industrial chemistry, sustainable chemistry, and polymer synthesis
Aromatics from Biomasses: Technological Options for Chemocatalytic Transformations
No full textBio-based benzene, toluene, xylenes(BTX) can be produced starting from
biomasses via several different routes, as shown in Figure 2.1 [1]. Main pathways
include (i) pyrolysis or catalytic pyrolysis of lignocellulose fractions; (ii) aqueousphase
reforming (APR) of aqueous carbohydrate solutions, followed by catalytic
transformations; (iii) Diels–Alder reactions between furanic compounds, the
latter having been obtained from monosaccharides, and ethylene; this approach
has several variants, with either differently functionalized furanics or dienofile
compounds; and (iv) dimerization and dehydrocyclization of bioisobutanol. The
latter two pathways are aimed at the synthesis of p-xylene, whereas the former
two produce mixtures of aromatics, which can be either fractionated to single
compounds or used as a blend for fuels. The reaction involving the Diels–Alder
reaction is not discussed here, being dealt with in the chapter devoted to reactions
for C–C bond formatio
Data on the properties of Aquivion®/oxide hybrid catalysts for one-pot production of γ-valerolactone from furfuryl alcohol
No full textThe present dataset contains data related to the synthesis of different catalysts via an innovative spray-freeze drying technique, combining the Brønsted acidity of Aquivion® with the textural and acid properties of three different oxides (silica, titania and zirconia), as well as their physico-chemical properties. In particular, their thermal stability and textural properties were investigated, along with the impact that these features have on their catalytic performance. Data include all the results of the catalytic tests presented and discussed in the article, as well as the raw data of the materials characterization
Beyond H2: Exploiting H-Transfer Reaction as a Tool for the Catalytic Reduction of Biomass
No full textThe hydrogenation of biomass-derived molecules is a key reaction in the upgrading of these compounds into chemicals and fuels. For reduction processes, catalytic hydrogenation using molecular H2 is still the main technique in use today. Nevertheless, the use of H2 is neither economic nor entirely green; therefore, a catalytic transfer hydrogenation process for the reduction of carbonyl groups, which employs alcohols as hydrogen sources, offers an alternative approach that avoids the use of both H2 pressure and precious metal catalysts. This reaction is a well-known process, which involves hydrogen transfer from an alcohol to the carbonyl moiety of an aldehyde or a ketone; recently it has attracted significant interest. This review reports some significant examples in this research area, while the considerable attention to this field makes it possible for us to envisage that some new processes based on the H-transfer reaction will be developed in coming years for the efficient production of chemicals and fuels from renewable raw materials
Biosyngas and Derived Products from Gasification and Aqueous Phase Reforming
No full textThe production of second-generation fuels from biomass is entering a new
stage focused on large projects and industrial initiatives. However, the uncertain
scenario in terms of climate change commitment and burden share, fossil fuel
price, and renewable legislation limits does not provide the best environment
for a large-scale spread of new technologies; furthermore, this innovation still
requires a real breakthrough in order to lead to a clearly enhanced efficiency
and sustainability. There are different approaches driving the conversion of
biomass bulk or its fraction into fuel: (i) the fermentation process to bioethanol
and biomethane, (ii) the production of oxygenated liquid compounds by several
treatment (pyrolysis, liquefaction, triglyceride extraction, etc.) followed by
hydrotreating (HDT) to upgrade the bio-oil produced, and (iii) gasification or
aqueous phase reforming (APR), which produces syngas and hydrocarbons or
alcohols. Gasification uses an oxidizing agent (air, steam, oxygen, or a combination
of these) for the high-temperature transformation of a carbonaceous
feedstock into a gaseous energy carrier consisting of permanent, non condensable
gases, mainly syngas. Subsequently, in a separate stage, the syngas obtained is
transformed by Fischer–Tropsch (FT) reaction into diesel or other syngas fuel
such as methanol dimethyl ether (DME) or C2+ alcohols.
The APR reaction is an alternative pathway to gasification for the transformation
of biomass and its main components (sugars, polyols, and even proteins) into several
products such as hydrogen, hydrocarbon, and oxygenated molecules, with the
main products depending on the reaction conditions, process configuration, and
catalysts.The APR treatment is applied to a hydrolyzed biomass in water solutions
at 225–300 ∘C in subcritical conditions
METHOD FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF PERFLUOROVINYLETHERS
No full textMETHOD FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF PERFLUOROVINYLETHERS“ Assigned to Solvay Specialty Polymers Italy SpA. European Patent number of Application 16179182.7-145
Method for the manufacture of perfluorovinylethers
Full text linkThe invention pertains to a method for the manufacture of a perfluorovinylether by hydrodehalogenation of a halofluoroether (HaloFE) having general formula (I-A) or RtO-CRt-'X-CRt-"Rt-"'X' (I-A. Said method comprising contacting said halofluoroether (HaloFE) with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst comprising at least one transition metal (M) of group VI 11 B and tin
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