1,722 research outputs found
Striatal Dopamine: The Cement of the Brain?
No full texthttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/177388/2/Movement Disorders - 2023 - Albin - Striatal Dopamine The Cement of the Brain.pdfPublished versionDescription of Movement Disorders - 2023 - Albin - Striatal Dopamine The Cement of the Brain.pdf : Published versio
Cholinergic systems, attentional-motor integration, and cognitive control in Parkinson's disease
No full textDysfunction and degeneration of CNS cholinergic systems is a significant component of multi-system pathology in Parkinson's disease (PD). We review the basic architecture of human CNS cholinergic systems and the tools available for studying changes in human cholinergic systems. Earlier post-mortem studies implicated abnormalities of basal forebrain corticopetal cholinergic (BFCC) and pedunculopontine-laterodorsal tegmental (PPN-LDT) cholinergic projections in cognitive deficits and gait-balance deficits, respectively. Recent application of imaging methods, particularly molecular imaging, allowed more sophisticated correlation of clinical features with regional cholinergic deficits. BFCC projection deficits correlate with general and domain specific cognitive deficits, particularly for attentional and executive functions. Detailed analyses suggest that cholinergic deficits within the salience and cingulo-opercular task control networks, including both neocortical, thalamic, and striatal nodes, are a significant component of cognitive deficits in non-demented PD subjects. Both BFCC and PPN-LDT cholinergic projection systems, and striatal cholinergic interneuron (SChI), abnormalities are implicated in PD gait-balance disorders. In the context of experimental studies, these results indicate that disrupted attentional functions of BFCC and PPN-LDT cholinergic systems underlie impaired gait-balance functions. SChI dysfunction likely impairs intra-striatal integration of attentional and motor information. Thalamic and entorhinal cortex cholinergic deficits may impair multi-sensory integration. Overt degeneration of CNS systems may be preceded by increased activity of cholinergic neurons compensating for nigrostriatal dopaminergic deficits. Subsequent dysfunction and degeneration of cholinergic systems unmasks and exacerbates functional deficits secondary to dopaminergic denervation. Research on CNS cholinergic systems dysfunctions in PD requires a systems-level approach to understanding PD pathophysiology.</p
Letter from Roger Baldwin, Director, American Civil Liberties Union, to Homer L. Morris, American Friends Service Committee, March 1, 1943
No full textLetter from Roger Baldwin to Homer L. Morris, regarding funds being raised by the American Friends Service Committee to support attorney Frank L. Walters argument of Gordon Hirabayashi's case in the Supreme Court. Baldwin quotes Joseph Conard's letter (chs_ms3580_0196) warning of Walters' poor performance representing Hirabayashi in the Circuit Court of Appeals at San Francisco. Baldwin writes: "I should think it would be wise now, in the event of an adverse decision which is expected, to see that somebody else than Mr. Walters argues the case in the Supreme Court. We should be very glad to make recommendations if you wish."The ACLU-Northern California case file records contain legal documents and correspondence pertaining to the case Ex parte Mitsuye Endo (1944), in which the United States Supreme court unanimously ruled that the federal government could not indefinitely detain United States citizens who were loyal to the government. Files include documents related to the Gordon Hirabayashi Supreme Court case Hirabayashi v. United States
Handbook of biochemistry and molecular biology / edited by Roger L. Lundblad, Fiona M. Macdonald.
No full textIncludes bibliographical references and index.Book fair 2013.xvii, 1080 p. :Edited by renowned protein scientist and bestselling author Roger L. Lundblad, with the assistance of Fiona M. Macdonald of CRC Press, this fourth edition of the Handbook of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology represents a dramatic revision -- the first in two decades -- of one of biochemistry's most referenced works. This edition gathers a wealth of information not easily obtained, including information not found on the web." "Offering a molecular perspective not available 20 years ago, it provides physical and chemical data on proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and carbohydrates. Presented in an organized, concise, and simple-to-use format, this popular reference allows quick access to the most frequently used data. Covering a wide range of topics, from classical biochemistry to proteomics and genomics, it also details the properties of commonly used biochemicals, laboratory solvents, and reagents." "Just a small sampling of the wealth of information found inside the handbook" : "Buffers and buffer solutions" -- "Heat capacities and combustion levels" -- "--Reagents for the chemical modification of proteins" -- "Comprehensive classification system for lipids" -- "Biological characteristics of vitamins" -- "A huge variety of UV data" -- "Recommendations for nomenclature and tables in biochemical thermodynamics" -- "Guidelines for NMR measurements for determination of high and low pka values" -- "Viscosity and density tables" -- "Chemical and physical properties of various commercial plastics" -- "Generic source-based nomenclature for polymers" -- "Therapeutic enzyme
Letter from Roger Baldwin, Director, American Civil Liberties Union, to A. L. Wirin, March 30, 1943
No full textLetter from Roger Baldwin to A. L. Wirin: "Dear Al, In reply to yours of the 23 to Cliff, who is ill, let me say that I hope you understand that the Department of Justice people think Purcell, Endo's attorney, is wrong, and he ought to re-open the case with the District Court and get the case advanced so that it will be heard in the Supreme Court with the other cases. The Department of Justice people are pretty certain that only a writ case will be successful. The important point is that all these cases should get to the Supreme Court together, and if the Endo case goes over it won't no any one like it."The ACLU-Northern California case file records contain legal documents and correspondence pertaining to the case Ex parte Mitsuye Endo (1944), in which the United States Supreme court unanimously ruled that the federal government could not indefinitely detain United States citizens who were loyal to the government. Files include documents related to the Gordon Hirabayashi Supreme Court case Hirabayashi v. United States
The Democratic State
No full textRoger Benjamin was president of the Council for Aid to Education (CAE) from 2005 to 2019 and was formerly provost of the University of Minnesota and the University of Pittsburgh. He has authored, coauthored, or co-edited nine books, including The Democratic Purposes of Education and The New Limits of Education Policy: Avoiding a Tragedy of the Commons.
Stephen L. Elkin is professor emeritus of government and politics at the University of Maryland and founding editor of the journal The Good Society. He is the author or editor of seven books, including Reconstructing the Commercial Republic: Constitutional Design after Madison.This Kansas Open Books title is funded by a grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities and the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation Humanities Open Book Program.Edited by Roger Benjamin and Stephen L. Elkin. Contributors include Peter H. Aranson, Roger Benjamin, David Braybrooke, Stephen L. Elkin, Norman Furniss, and Peter C. Ordeshook.One outcome of the declining economic growth and rising political conflict of the 1980s has been a renewed interest in political theory and increased questioning about the durability of the capitalist state. More and more political scientists are critically assessing the prevailing pluralist vision of the relationships between the state and the economy. Is the capitalist state able to adjust to crises and contradictions? What is the role of the state in changing—deteriorating—economic circumstances? How should we understand competing interpretations on the relative autonomy of the state, the nature of property rights, the legitimation crisis?
This collection of five original essays by seven of the best-known political-economy theorists addresses the interconnections between the economy and the polity and embodies the leading theoretical approaches to the political economy of the state
La relation au monde dans Les Thibault de Roger Martin du Gard
No full textL ensemble romanesque Les Thibault de Roger Martin du Gard (publié de 1922 à 1940) est sous-tendu par un témoignage que l auteur adresse au lecteur sur le monde réel dans lequel l écrivain français vécut. L objectif de cette thèse est d analyser ce témoignage à travers certains aspects des relations multilatérales entre ces trois pôles que sont la société, l œuvre et l auteur. L œuvre romanesque de Roger Martin du Gard informe la société de son époque autant qu elle est informée par elle, et l écrivain, façonné par la société, façonne à son tour une société romanesque. La relation au monde des personnages des Thibault puise ses sources dans l expérience même de l auteur : relations familiales, relations entre les deux sexes, relations sociales et religieuses, autant de clés pour comprendre l œuvre mais peut-être aussi la vie de l auteur. Pour permettre d apprécier la réception de l œuvre de Roger Martin du Gard auprès du public chinois, la dernière partie de cette thèse analyse les deux traductions des Thibault publiées dans les années 1980 en Chine, et propose aussi quelques éléments de comparaison avec une fresque romanesque chinoise à portée elle aussi familiale et sociale, la trilogie de Ba Jin (Pa Kin) intitulée Torrent (Famille Printemps Automne, 1932-1940). L étude des analogies entre ces deux œuvres certes très différentes permet de découvrir comment le roman de Roger Martin du Gard et son message dépassent les frontières, trouvent écho dans d autres cultures, et finissent par rejoindre l humanité universelle.In the eight novels Les Thibault by Roger Martin du Gard (published between 1922 to 1940), the author addresses the reader and describes the world in which the former lives. The objective of this thesis is to examine Martin du Gard s discourse with respect to some aspects of the multilateral relationships between society, author and oeuvre. R.M.G s novels informed society of his time and were themselves shaped by society. The author moulded by society then constructs a fictional world. The relationships in Les Thibault are autobiographical in nature whether familial, gender, social or religious and these constitute the principal means of understanding the oeuvre and the author s own life.To evaluate the reception of Roger Martin du Gard s work among the Chinese public, the final part of this thesis analyses the two translations of Les Thibault, published in China in the 1980s. Comparison with a Chinese trilogy, Torrent (Family Spring Autumn, 1932-1940), by Ba Jin (Pa Kin), although very different but which also considers family and social relationships, allows consideration of how Roger Martin du Gard s message crosses frontiers and reflects universal concerns, those of humanity itself.ARRAS-Bib.electronique (620419901) / SudocSudocFranceF
Functional analysis of the effects of striatal metabotropic glutamate receptor stimulation.
No full textExcitatory amino acids are important neurotransmitters in the basal ganglia. The metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) are a major class of excitatory amino acid receptors. Eight mGluR subtypes have been cloned and have been classified into three groups based on their amino acid sequence homology, pharamacological profile and effector systems. The striatum has a high density of mGluR binding sites and several mGluR mRNAs and proteins are expressed by striatal neurons. This suggests that mGluRs may play an important role in striatal function. Supportive of this, unilateral striatal injection of a non-subtype selective mGluR agonist results in vigorous contralateral rotation in rats. This dissertation examines the role of mGluRs in basal ganglia function by examining the phenomenon of mGluR agonist-induced rotation in detail, examining the pharmacology and underlying neuroanatomical correlates of this behavior. Pharmacological studies suggest that mGluR agonist-induced rotation is mediated by group I mGluRs. Additionally, mGluR agonist-induced rotation can be modulated by other important basal ganglia neurotransmitter systems, including dopamine, adenosine and acetylcholine. Immediate early gene expression and cerebral glucose metabolism mapping studies suggest that activation of striatal mGluRs results in increased activity of the striatopallidal pathway, leading to disinhibition of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) and increased activity in the entopeduncular nucleus and substantia nigra. The STN hyperactivity is reminiscent of STN overactivity seen in Parkinson's disease, suggesting that group I mGluR antagonists may be useful for its symptomatic treatment. It is well documented in animal models of Parkinson's disease that chronic dopamine depletion leads to many changes in the striatum. Therefore, any changes in the effects of striatal mGluR activation on rotational behavior, immediate early gene expression and local cerebral glucose metabolism were examined under conditions of chronic dopamine denervation in unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesioned rats. The effects of striatal group I and group II mGluR stimulation appear to be unchanged. However, there are changes in the effects of striatal group III mGluR stimulation. The studies presented in this dissertation support an important role for group I mGluRs in modulating striatal function under normal and pathological conditions and suggest that mGluRs may be useful targets for pharmacotherapy of Parkinson's disease.PhDBiological SciencesNeurosciencesUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/130508/2/9732112.pd
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Destination 2010: regional economic strategy for the East Midlands 2003-2010
No full textDestination 2010 is the second regional economic strategy for the East Midlands. The strategy is a high level framework that sets out a vision for the East Midlands economy in 2010 and provides a blueprint for economic development activity in the region for the period 2003-2010
Roger Ascham\u27s Unrecognized Contributions to Education in The Schoolmaster
No full textIn the late sixteenth century, Roger Ascham, English scholar and author, wrote The Schoolmaster, in which he outlined some principles of education and of learning. The purpose of this paper is to note some of these principles and to illustrate their use in education
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