1,721,024 research outputs found
Tumorectomy
No full textThe treatment of liver diseases comprises a significant component of the practice of any general surgeon, whether working in an academic, a general, or a community hospital. With the rapid expansion in knowledge and technology, the liver has also been approached laparoscopically in specialized centers, with well-recognized advantages for patients. This book aims to communicate the large body of experience that has now been accumulated in minimally invasive liver surgery, with comprehensive and up-to-date information on the newest techniques. After a concise description of the main tools and technology necessary to carry out safe laparoscopic and/or robot-assisted liver surgery, individual operative techniques are explained and illustrated. Each chapter includes introductory information, a summary of indications and contraindications, and a detailed description of surgical procedure, including potential complications of both the surgery and the postoperative care. Special efforts have been taken to ensure that the illustrations are accurate and informative. The text is supplemented by a DVD of different procedures as performed by leading European liver surgeons
Non-cirrhotic liver tolerance to intermittent inflow occlusion during laparoscopic liver resection
No full textWhile inflow occlusion techniques are accepted methods to reduce bleeding during open liver surgery, their use in laparoscopic liver resections are limited by possible effects of pneumoperitoneum on ischemia-reperfusion liver damage. This retrospective study was designed to investigate the impact of intermittent pedicle clamping (IPC) on patients with normal liver undergoing minor laparoscopic liver resections. Three matched groups of patients were retrospectively selected from our in-house database: 11 patients who underwent robot-assisted liver resection with IPC, and 16 and 11 patients who underwent robot-assisted liver resection without IPC and open liver resection with IPC, respectively. The primary end point was to assess differences in postoperative serum alanine, aspartate aminotransferase (ALT and AST) and bilirubin levels. The curves of serum AST, ALT and bilirubin levels in a span of time of five postoperative days were not significantly different between the three groups. IPC has no relevant effects on ischemia-reperfusion liver damage even in the presence of pneumoperitoneum. © 2011 Springer-Verlag
Robotic-assisted transperitoneal nephron-sparing surgery for small renal masses with associated surgical procedures: surgical technique and preliminary experience
No full textSmall renal masses (T1a) are commonly diagnosed incidentally and can be treated with nephron-sparing surgery, preserving renal function and obtaining the same oncological results as radical surgery. Bigger lesions (T1b) may be treated in particular situations with a conservative approach too. We present our surgical technique based on robotic assistance for nephron-sparing surgery. We retrospectively analysed our series of 32 consecutive patients (two with 2 tumours and one with 4 bilateral tumours), for a total of 37 robotic nephron-sparing surgery (RNSS) performed between June 2008 and July 2012 by a single surgeon (G.C.). The technique differs depending on tumour site and size. The mean tumour size was 3.6 cm; according to the R.E.N.A.L. Nephrometry Score 9 procedures were considered of low, 14 of moderate and 9 of hight complexity with no conversion in open surgery. Vascular clamping was performed in 22 cases with a mean warm ischemia time of 21.5 min and the mean total procedure time was 149.2 min. Mean estimated blood loss was 187.1 ml. Mean hospital stay was 4.4 days. Histopathological evaluation confirmed 19 cases of clear cell carcinoma (all the multiple tumours were of this nature), 3 chromophobe tumours, 1 collecting duct carcinoma, 5 oncocytomas, 1 leiomyoma, 1 cavernous haemangioma and 2 benign cysts. Associated surgical procedures were performed in 10 cases (4 cholecystectomies, 3 important lyses of peritoneal adhesions, 1 adnexectomy, 1 right hemicolectomy, 1 hepatic resection). The mean follow-up time was 28.1 months ± 12.3 (range 6-54). Intraoperative complications were 3 cases of important bleeding not requiring conversion to open or transfusions. Regarding post-operative complications, there were a bowel occlusion, 1 pleural effusion, 2 pararenal hematoma, 3 asymptomatic DVT (deep vein thrombosis) and 1 transient increase in creatinine level. There was no evidence of tumour recurrence in the follow-up. RNSS is a safe and feasible technique. Challenging situations are hilar, posterior or intraparenchymal tumour localization. In our experience, robotic technology made possible a safe minimally invasive management, including vascular clamping, tumour resection and parenchyma reconstruction
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Laparoscopic resection with intracorporeal anastomosis for colon carcinoma located in the splenic flexure
No full textBackground Treatment of splenic flexure (SF) colon cancer is not standardized. A laparoscopic approach is considered a challenging procedure. Methods This review examines a single-institution experience with laparoscopic colon resection for cancer of the SF. Intraoperative, pathologic, and postoperative data of patients who underwent laparoscopic SF resection were reviewed to assess for oncologic safety as well as earlyand medium-term outcomes. Results Between September 2004 and January 2009, laparoscopic SF resection was performed for 15 patients with SF. Two cases of conversion were reported, and for three patients, colonic resection was robot assisted. In all cases, the anastomosis was completed intracorporeally. The distal margin was 3.8 ± 2.5 cm, and the proximal margin was 7.8 ± 3.7 cm from the tumor site. The mean number of harvested nodes was 9.2 ± 5.3. The mean operative time was 183.6 ± 45 min, and the blood loss was 98 ± 33 ml. No major morbidity was recorded. Conclusions Laparoscopic partial resection seems to be feasible and safe for the treatment of early-stage and locally advanced SF cancer. © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2009
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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