857 research outputs found
THE IMPACT OF COMMERCIAL COMMUNICATION ON CHILDREN'S BEHAVIOUR: A LITERATURE REVIEW AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR FUTURE RESEARCH
No full textThe intention of the authors of this article is to present a succinct review of the effects of television advertisements on children's behaviour. In addition to this, they try to highlight certain limitations and the problematic nature, typical of much of the research examining the impact of television advertising on the attitudes and behaviours of children. Ultimately, they make some useful recommendations for future studies aimed at investigating these themes
Community detection in weighted brain connectivity networks beyond the resolution limit
No full textAbstractGraph theory provides a powerful framework to investigate brain functional connectivity networks and their modular organization. However, most graph-based methods suffer from a fundamental resolution limit that may have affected previous studies and prevented detection of modules, or "communities", that are smaller than a specific scale. Surprise, a resolution-limit-free function rooted in discrete probability theory, has been recently introduced and applied to brain networks, revealing a wide size-distribution of functional modules (Nicolini and Bifone, 2016), in contrast with many previous reports. However, the use of Surprise is limited to binary networks, while brain networks are intrinsically weighted, reflecting a continuous distribution of connectivity strengths between different brain regions. Here, we propose Asymptotical Surprise, a continuous version of Surprise, for the study of weighted brain connectivity networks, and validate this approach in synthetic networks endowed with a ground-truth modular structure. We compare Asymptotical Surprise with leading community detection methods currently in use and show its superior sensitivity in the detection of small modules even in the presence of noise and intersubject variability such as those observed in fMRI data. We apply our novel approach to functional connectivity networks from resting state fMRI experiments, and demonstrate a heterogeneous modular organization, with a wide distribution of clusters spanning multiple scales. Finally, we discuss the implications of these findings for the identification of connector hubs, the brain regions responsible for the integration of the different network elements, showing that the improved resolution afforded by Asymptotical Surprise leads to a different classification compared to current methods
Circular intensity differential scattering and chromatin-DNA structure. A combined theoretical approach
No full textCircular intensity differential scattering (CIDS) has been proven a powerful method in determining the higher-order structure of large biopolymers, such as chromatin. Theoretical predictions of the expected differential light scattering of circularly polarized light have previously been made for chromatin, either within the Born approximation, treating nucleosomes as noninteracting, oblate ellipsoids, or within a multiple dipole approximation, treating nucleosomes as interacting spheres. In order to conduct a meaningful interpretation of the CIDS signal in terms of given geometric parameters of the chiral structure, we have in this paper combined the two approaches considering the mutual interactions of ellipsoidal nucleosomes. In the process we have also found a confirmation for rthe validity of the Born approximation itself
Propuestas de mejora a un método para medir la volatilidad de las políticas económicas
No full textEste documento propone mejoras al método de Arza y Brau (2021) para medir sistemáticamente la orientación y frecuencia de cambios en las políticas económicas. Se muestran los resultados de incorporar una meta-narrativa de las políticas económicas, de crear una categoría para las políticas mixtas y eliminar la categoría de políticas de emergencia. La meta-narrativa mejora la trazabilidad, la transparencia y la coherencia de la base de datos. La inclusión de la categoría de políticas mixtas y la eliminación de la categoría de políticas de emergencia aumentan los puntos de información y mejoran la fiabilidad del índice de orientación.Fil: Catelén, Ana Laura. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Sociales; Argentina. Universidad Carlos III de Madrid. Departamento de Ciencias Sociales; España.Fil: Nicolini Alessi, Esteban Alberto. Universidad Carlos III de Madrid. Departamento de Ciencias Sociales, España. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Instituto de Investigaciones Económicas; Argentina
Argentina's business cycles in the long run: A descriptive exercise (1880-2020)
No full textAn updated descriptive analysis of the cyclical behavior of the main macroeconomic variables in Argentina between 1880 and 2020 suggests that the dynamics changed substantially since 1976. Specifically, we observed changes in the phases’ duration, amplitude, and excess and that economic volatility did decrease when the economy was relatively more closed between 1945 and 1976 but it increased again until 2020.Un análisis descriptivo actualizado del comportamiento cíclico de las principales variables macroeconómicas en Argentina entre 1880 y 2020 sugiere que la dinámica cambió sustancialmente desde 1976. Específicamente, observamos cambios en la duración, amplitud y exceso de las fases y que la volatilidad económica disminuyó cuando la economía estaba relativamente más cerrada entre 1945 y 1976, pero volvió a aumentar hasta 2020.Fil: Catelén, Ana Laura. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Sociales; Argentina.Fil: Nicolini Alessi, Esteban Alberto. Universidad Carlos III de Madrid. Departamento de Ciencias Sociales, España
3D REPRESENTATION OF BIOSTRUCTURES IMAGED WITH AN OPTICAL MICROSCOPE .A. DIGITAL OPTICAL SECTIONING .B. 3D GRAPHIC REPRESENTATION
No full textA method for acquiring and processing 3D information from biological specimens imaged with an optical microscope is presented. It is physically based on optical sectioning microscopy, and utilizes a set of digital filters implemented for deblurring optical section images. Rather than the provision of an exact solution for the problem, we have found of more practical use a new approximate method that significantly improves the situation, within reasonable cost parameters
Modulo ottico per l'analisi della diffusione differenziale di luce polarizzata integrabile in uno spettropolarimetro per la diagnostica
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