1,721,247 research outputs found
Static pressure-volume curves of the respiratory system: were they just a passing fad?
No full textPurpose of review
The aim of this article is to describe the physiologic utility,
correlation with lung morphology, difficulties in interpretation and
current clinical applications of static-volume curves at the bedside in
patients with acute lung respiratory system pressure injury or acute
respiratory distress syndrome.
Recent findings
Complex interpretation of pressure-volume curves indicates that alveolar
reopening continues past the lower inflection point on the linear part
of the curve and suggests the presence of homogeneous lung disease in
which recruitment is still possible by positive end-expiratory pressure
application. Setting positive end-expiratory pressure above the lower
inflection point and tidal ventilation (approximately 6 ml/kg) in the
linear portion of the respiratory system pressure-volume curve improved
mortality and ameliorated lung and plasma inflammatory mediators
compared with ventilation with the lowest positive end-expiratory
pressure at traditional tidal volumes. Recent studies have found that
regular use of pressure-volume curves provides useful physiological data
that help to optimize mechanical ventilation at the bedside.
Summary
The physiologic data obtained by measuring the static pressure-volume
curves have helped clinicians to better understand the behavior of the
respiratory system when positive-pressure ventilation is applied. The
advanced technology incorporated into modern ventilators allows routine
measurement of pressure-volume curves under sedation without paralysis,
with acceptable variability and no serious adverse effects
The central nervous system during lung injury and mechanical ventilation: a narrative review
No full textSpanish Instituto de Salud Carlos III [PI09/91074, PI13/02204, PI16/01606, PI16/01614]; European Regional Development Fund, (FEDER) [RTC-2017-6193-1]; Fundacio Parc Tauli [TSI-020302-2008-38]; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red
(CIBER)-Enfermedades Respiratorias [CB06/06/1097, CB17/06/00021].Albaiceta, G.M., Brochard, L., Dos Santos, C.C., Fernández, R., Georgopoulos, D., Girard, T., Jubran, A., López-Aguilar, J., Mancebo, J., Pelosi, P., Skrobik, Y., Thille, A.W., Wilcox, M.E., Blanch, L
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
No full text“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Asynchronies during mechanical ventilation are associated with mortality
No full textThis study was financially supported by ISCIII PI09/91074, PI13/02204, CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias, Fundación Mapfre, Fundación Parc Taulñi, Plan Avanza TSI-020302-2008-38, MCYIN and MITYC (Spain)Blanch, L., Villagra, A., Sales, B., Montanya, J., Lucangelo, U., Luján, M., García-Esquirol, O., Chacón, E., Estruga, A., Oliva, J.C., Hernández-Abadia, A., Albaiceta, G.M., Fernández-Mondejar, E., Fernández, R., Lopez-Aguilar, J., Villar, J., Murias, G., Kacmarek, R.M
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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