1,720,995 research outputs found
Advancing Building bioclimatic comfort charts for hot developing countries as an early stage design tool
Full text linkDataset for "Combined multi-attribute inpatient thermal comfort requirements in hospitals: A designer's assessment method"
Full text linkHospital Environmental Appraisal for Thermal-comfort (HEAT) is an evidence-based design tool created based on 52 pieces of research evidence that seeks to enhance decision-making related to patient thermal comfort (PTC) issues in inpatient wards. The framework of the tool is based on eight essential design domains that are; design flexibility, coordination, thermal adaptation, temperature ranges, activity level, external shading, building monitoring and airstream. Eight non-technical statements are driven from design domains to address common PTC issues. Hence, each statement provides a list of design recommendations to inform a variety of solutions that would be considered at several design phases.The evidence-based design combined with Design Science Research (DSR) was used to develop the tool. Specifically, a systematic literature review and double validation approach through semi-structured interviews and online surveys were conducted with healthcare designers.The tool was completely developed on Micrsoft Excel.The tool spreadsheet is straightforward. 'Read me' sheet introduces sufficient information on how the tool can be used by healthcare designers
Dataset for "Participatory Design in Refugee Camps: Comparison of Different Methods and Visualisation Tools"
No full textShelters for the displaced can suffer from socio-cultural incompatibility and significant levels of occupant dissatisfaction. Participatory Design (PD) is known to help reduce such issues. This is the first study to investigate the effectiveness of different PD methods at engaging and capturing users’ needs for shelter design in refugee camps. It also aimed to identify which visualisation tools are best at: engaging participants; communicating designs (e.g. concept, size and materials); and facilitating proposing modifications. This is a particularly large study with 16 workshops and 161 participants. Two PD methods were deployed: (i) Design-your-own (where refugees proposed their ideal shelter); (ii) Adapt-a-design (where refugees evaluated and modified pre-existing shelter designs). The shelters in (ii) were presented using three visualisation tools: computer models, physical prototypes and virtual reality.
This dataset includes demographic information of the participants of the workshops, and the participant evaluations of the three visualisation tools tested in the Adapt-a-design workshops.Four series of workshops were conducted to evaluate the use of traditional and contemporary methods as viable tools for capturing user values and requirements for shelters. These workshops can be categorised under two approaches:
a. The first approach termed ‘Design your Own’ focused on giving participants a ‘blank canvas’ – in the form of paper, pens and pencils, plasticine, Lego® and a kit-of-parts. Participants were asked to use any of these mediums to conceptualise and articulate their ‘ideal’ shelter. This first workshop approach was one step further than asking the refugees a series of standard questions in order to capture their shelter needs and requirements and can be used at the early design stages.
b. The second approach is termed ‘Adapt a Design’ and it utilised four pre-designed shelter typologies (deployable, modular, assemblage and freeform) presented in three ways: b1. Computer-produced architectural drawings and models in 2D and 3D shown on A2 paper and/or projected on screen (ACM); b2. Physical models or prototypes (PP); and b3. Virtual reality (VR). This approach can be implemented after an initial design has been developed by the humanitarian agencies to gain feedback on the proposed design. The evaluation was based on three activities; design assessment, design modification & method assessment.
161 refugees participated in these workshops. At the end of 'adapt a design' workshops, participants were asked to evaluate the visualisation tool used. This data set provides the participants background and responses on the evaluation sheets
The potential for natural ventilation as viable passive cooling strategy in hot developing countries
Full text linkNatural ventilation offers opportunities for reducing cooling energy-demand at low-cost in developing countries with limited resources. In this paper the natural day- and night-time ventilation potential for cooling in hot-arid and hot-humid Mediterranean climates is characterised against the key weather and building parameters affecting its performance. In particular, the study seeks to quantify the limits of outdoor environmental conditions under which natural ventilation is an effective strategy for achieving thermal comfort. Furthermore, the study explores the effects of certain building characteristics that enhance the performance of natural ventilation such as ventilation rates and thermal mass. This is achieved by short-term environmental monitoring and dynamic energy modelling of selected naturally ventilated domestic buildings in Lebanon and Jordan. The summer monitoring regime compared external and internal temperatures, relative humidity and air velocity in free-running ‘welldesigned’ buildings in order to identify the external environmental limits for effective day- and nighttime ventilation. Computer modelling of the monitored buildings was undertaken using IES VE to determine the design parameters affecting the performance of natural ventilation. Initial results show that computer modeling overestimate ventilation rates through windows with Venetian shutters
The potential for natural ventilation as viable passive cooling strategy in hot developing countries
Full text linkNatural ventilation offers opportunities for reducing cooling energy-demand at low-cost in developing countries with limited resources. In this paper the natural day- and night-time ventilation potential for cooling in hot-arid and hot-humid Mediterranean climates is characterised against the key weather and building parameters affecting its performance. In particular, the study seeks to quantify the limits of outdoor environmental conditions under which natural ventilation is an effective strategy for achieving thermal comfort. Furthermore, the study explores the effects of certain building characteristics that enhance the performance of natural ventilation such as ventilation rates and thermal mass. This is achieved by short-term environmental monitoring and dynamic energy modelling of selected naturally ventilated domestic buildings in Lebanon and Jordan. The summer monitoring regime compared external and internal temperatures, relative humidity and air velocity in free-running ‘welldesigned’ buildings in order to identify the external environmental limits for effective day- and nighttime ventilation. Computer modelling of the monitored buildings was undertaken using IES VE to determine the design parameters affecting the performance of natural ventilation. Initial results show that computer modeling overestimate ventilation rates through windows with Venetian shutters
Dataset for Thermal Comfort Survey in Hitsats Refugee Camp
No full textSocial and thermal comfort surveys were conducted in Hitsats refugee camp summer and winter 2019. The dataset contains information collected via spot measurements to collect environmental parameters data ( such as VA, WBGT, TA, RH, TG and TO). Moreover, the dataset contains information regarding personal parameters such as the Metabolic rate, Clo value, gender, weight and height information for each participant.The data was collected via a thermal comfort survey, including spot measurements of environmental parameters, the surveys were conducted directly in a Tigrinian language. The families were selected randomly. Given the range of backgrounds, intra-household dynamics, education and literacy levels, all surveys were administered through an interview. A repeated transverse survey method was used to collect the data. The thermal comfort scales were the standard 7-point ASHRAE thermal sensation scale and the 5-point thermal preference scal
Results of contextualised performance assessment of refugee shelters globally
No full textThis dataset contains information about the results of contextualised performance assessment of shelter around the world. 187 previously deployed shelters (64 Emergency, 75 Transitional and 48 Durable Shelters), from 40 countries were evaluated by the authors using SAM (the Shelter Assessment Matrix), and the designs were collated from various sources. Context-specific design assessment was conducted on each shelter design considering their local, cultural, political and climatic issues. These shelters were constructed between 1945 and 2018. This exercise: (i) shows whether SAM is able to provide a diverse range of scores when analysing real shelters (rather than all shelters obtaining similar scores); (ii) provides the first contextual performance analysis of previously deployed shelters around the world; (iii) generates a repository of scored shelters for those to judge their designs against.One hundred eighty-seven previously deployed shelter designs, from 40 countries were evaluated by the authors using SAM (Shelter Assessment Matrix), and the designs were collated from various sources. Context-specific design assessment was conducted on each shelter design considering their local, cultural, political and climatic issues
Dataset for understanding material supply networks in the construction of disaster relief and refugee shelters using SNA
No full textThis data was collected for a journal article which analyzes supply networks using social network analysis method. Data contains results of 272 surveys conducted in Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Nepal and Turkey. The data was used to investigate supply networks using SNA in post-disaster reconstruction. Data includes details of the refugee housing materials, information on the suppliers, construction method and construction knowledge of the displaced - how they purchase? Where they purchase from? etc.Data was gathered from surveys conducted in the four countries. Principally, the questionnaire established the size of the shelters, the number of occupants, what materials were used in the construction of their shelters and where and how they were acquired. The level and sources of construction knowledge were also determined
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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