1,720,958 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Corrosion protection of steel with corrosion inhibitors
No full textCilj ovog rada bio je utvrditi mogućnost primjene dvaju derivata imidazola: 2-amino-5(6) – nitrobenzimidazola (1) i 2-aminobenzimidazola (2) kao inhibitora korozije u zaštiti ugljičnog čelika oznake C45E u kiselom i neutralnom kloridnom mediju. Ispitivanja su provedena u 0,5 M otopini HCl-a i neutralnoj 0,5 M otopini NaCl-a, sa i bez inhibitora, pri različitim koncentracijama 2-amino-5(6) – nitrobenzimidazola kako bi se utvrdila optimalna koncentracija. Primijenjene koncentracije inhibitora (1) u kiseloj otopini su 0,1 mM, 0,5 mM, 0,75 mM, 1 mM i 5 mM, a koncentracija inhibitora (2) iznosila je 1,0 mM, dok je u neutralnoj otopini koncentracija inhibitora (1) iznosila 0,75 mM. Za ispitivanje djelotvornosti inhibitora primijenjene su gravimetrijska i elektrokemijske metode. Sva ispitivanja provedena su u stacionarnim uvjetima pri sobnoj temperaturi. Dobiveni rezultat pokazali su da je ugljični čelik uronjen u kiselu otopinu u kojoj se nalazio inhibitor (1) koncentracije 0,75 mM pokazao najveću otpornost prema koroziji.The aim of this study was to determine the possibility of using two imidazole derivatives: 2-amino-5 (6) - nitrobenzimidazole (1) and 2-aminobenzimidazole (2) as corrosion inhibitors for C45E carbon steel in acidic and neutral chloride media. Study was performed in 0,5 M HCl solution and in 0,5 M NaCl solution, with and without inhibitors, with various concentrations of inhibitor 2-amino-5 (6) - nitrobenzimidazole (1) to determine the optimal concentration. Applied concentrations of inhibitor (1) in the acid solution were 0,1 mM, 0,5 mM, 0,75 mM, 1 mM and 5 mM, and the concentration of inhibitor (2) was 1,0 mM, while in the neutral solution the concentration of inhibitor (1) was 0,75 mM. Gravimetric and electrochemical methods were used to test the effectiveness of the inhibitors. All tests were conducted under stationary conditions at room temperature. Results showed that carbon steel immersed in an acidic solution containing inhibitor (1) with a concentration of 0,75 mM showed the highest resistance to corrosion
Preparation and characterization of PLA biocomposites reinforced with olive waste (wood and leaves)
No full textU današnjem svijetu uloga ambalažnog materijala je sve izraženija, a samim time predstavlja svojevrstan problem uzimajući u obzir kako nepravilno skladištenje ambalažnog materijala u okolišu dovodi do ekoloških katastrofa koje posljedično utječu i na ljudski život. Najveći problem predstavlja ambalažni materijal proizveden na bazi fosilnih goriva. Upravo je to razlog razvitka biorazgradivih polimernih materijala koji bi se proizvodili iz obnovljivih izvora te nakon njihove upotrebe razgrađivali pod utjecajem bakterija i mikroorganizama. Izvrsna alternativa polimerima dobivenim iz nafte je biopolimer na bazi polilaktidne kiseline (PLA) koji se uglavnom koristi kao ambalaža. Međutim, PLA karakterizira visoka krtost, malo istezanje pri lomu što ograničava njegovu široku primjenu. Miješanje s fleksibilnim plastifikatorima, kao što su poli-(etilen oksid) (PEO), polietilen glikol (PEG), trietil citrat (TEC), tributil citrat (TBC), acetil-tributil citrat (TBAC), jedan je od najboljih načina za omekšivanje PLA. Cilj ovog rada je razvoj „zelenog“ polimernog materijala, odnosno biokompozitnog materijala od PLA/otpad masline koji bi se mogao primjenjivati kao ambalažni materijal. Ispitivanja su provedena na dvije skupine biokompozita bez i s i plastifikatorom. Toplinska svojstva ispitana su primjenom diferencijalne pretražne kalorimetrije (DSC), informacije o kemijskom sastavu i strukturi uzorka dobivene su FTIR-ATR spektroskopijom, mehanička ispitivanja provedena primjenom rasteznog ispitivanja. Dobiveni FTIR, DSC rezultati kao i dobivena mehanička svojstva pokazuju da se trietil citrat (TEC) pokazao kao dobar plastifikator za PLA/MAS biokompozite, povećao je fleksibilnost i smanjio krtost biokompozita što je dobro za primjenu ovih biokompozita kao ambalažnih materijala.In today's world, the role of packaging material is increasingly pronounced, and at the same time it represents a kind of a problem, considering how improper storage of packaging material in the environment can lead to environmental disasters that consequently affect human life. The biggest problem is packaging material produced based on fossil fuels. This is exactly the reason for the development of biodegradable polymer materials that would be produced from renewable sources and after their use they could easily be degraded under the influence of bacteria and microorganisms. An excellent alternative to petroleum-derived polymers is the polylactic acid (PLA) biopolymer, mostly used in the packaging industry. However, PLA exhibits high brittleness and low elongationat break that limit the wide application. Blending with flexible plasticizers such as poly- (ethylene oxide) (PEO), polyethylene glycol (PEG), triethyl citrate (TEC), tributyl citrate (TBC), acetyl-tributyl citrate (TBAC), is one of the best ways to toughen PLA.). The aim of this work is the development of a "green" polymer material, respectively a biocomposite material from PLA/olive waste that could be used as a packaging material. The investigations were conducted on two groups of biocomposites without and with plasticizer. Thermal properties were investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), information on the chemical composition and structure of the biocomposite was obtained by FTIR-ATR spectroscopy, mechanical properties were performed using tensile tests. The obtained FTIR, DSC results as well as mechanical properties show that triethyl citrate (TEC) can be a good plasticizer for PLA/OLIV biocomposites, it increased the flexibility and reduced the brittleness of biocomposites, which is good for the application of these biocomposites as packaging materials
Preparation and characterization of PLA biocomposites reinforced with olive waste (wood and leaves)
No full textU današnjem svijetu uloga ambalažnog materijala je sve izraženija, a samim time predstavlja svojevrstan problem uzimajući u obzir kako nepravilno skladištenje ambalažnog materijala u okolišu dovodi do ekoloških katastrofa koje posljedično utječu i na ljudski život. Najveći problem predstavlja ambalažni materijal proizveden na bazi fosilnih goriva. Upravo je to razlog razvitka biorazgradivih polimernih materijala koji bi se proizvodili iz obnovljivih izvora te nakon njihove upotrebe razgrađivali pod utjecajem bakterija i mikroorganizama. Izvrsna alternativa polimerima dobivenim iz nafte je biopolimer na bazi polilaktidne kiseline (PLA) koji se uglavnom koristi kao ambalaža. Međutim, PLA karakterizira visoka krtost, malo istezanje pri lomu što ograničava njegovu široku primjenu. Miješanje s fleksibilnim plastifikatorima, kao što su poli-(etilen oksid) (PEO), polietilen glikol (PEG), trietil citrat (TEC), tributil citrat (TBC), acetil-tributil citrat (TBAC), jedan je od najboljih načina za omekšivanje PLA. Cilj ovog rada je razvoj „zelenog“ polimernog materijala, odnosno biokompozitnog materijala od PLA/otpad masline koji bi se mogao primjenjivati kao ambalažni materijal. Ispitivanja su provedena na dvije skupine biokompozita bez i s i plastifikatorom. Toplinska svojstva ispitana su primjenom diferencijalne pretražne kalorimetrije (DSC), informacije o kemijskom sastavu i strukturi uzorka dobivene su FTIR-ATR spektroskopijom, mehanička ispitivanja provedena primjenom rasteznog ispitivanja. Dobiveni FTIR, DSC rezultati kao i dobivena mehanička svojstva pokazuju da se trietil citrat (TEC) pokazao kao dobar plastifikator za PLA/MAS biokompozite, povećao je fleksibilnost i smanjio krtost biokompozita što je dobro za primjenu ovih biokompozita kao ambalažnih materijala.In today's world, the role of packaging material is increasingly pronounced, and at the same time it represents a kind of a problem, considering how improper storage of packaging material in the environment can lead to environmental disasters that consequently affect human life. The biggest problem is packaging material produced based on fossil fuels. This is exactly the reason for the development of biodegradable polymer materials that would be produced from renewable sources and after their use they could easily be degraded under the influence of bacteria and microorganisms. An excellent alternative to petroleum-derived polymers is the polylactic acid (PLA) biopolymer, mostly used in the packaging industry. However, PLA exhibits high brittleness and low elongationat break that limit the wide application. Blending with flexible plasticizers such as poly- (ethylene oxide) (PEO), polyethylene glycol (PEG), triethyl citrate (TEC), tributyl citrate (TBC), acetyl-tributyl citrate (TBAC), is one of the best ways to toughen PLA.). The aim of this work is the development of a "green" polymer material, respectively a biocomposite material from PLA/olive waste that could be used as a packaging material. The investigations were conducted on two groups of biocomposites without and with plasticizer. Thermal properties were investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), information on the chemical composition and structure of the biocomposite was obtained by FTIR-ATR spectroscopy, mechanical properties were performed using tensile tests. The obtained FTIR, DSC results as well as mechanical properties show that triethyl citrate (TEC) can be a good plasticizer for PLA/OLIV biocomposites, it increased the flexibility and reduced the brittleness of biocomposites, which is good for the application of these biocomposites as packaging materials
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