1,721,131 research outputs found
Exploring working memory: Interference with visual short-term memory
No full textAlan Baddeley has an international reputation as an eminent scholar and pioneer in the field of human memory, and is principally known for the theory of working memory, devised with Graham Hitch. This model continues to be valuable today in recognising the functions of short-term memory. This volume includes a specially written introduction by Alan Baddeley which gives an overview of the start of his career and his entry into the field of Psychology. Throughout the book he also provides introductions to the selection of works included and contextualises them in relation to changes in the field during this time. Exploring Working Memory includes the author’s most influential publications on topics including short-term memory, the distinctions between short and long-term memory, the theory of working memory, the phonological loop, the concept of the central executive, and the episodic buffer. This exceptional selection concludes with an article giving a broad overview of the author’s current views on working memory and its relation to other theories in the field
Working memory and individual differences in the encoding of vertical, horizontal and diagonal symmetry
No full textPrevious studies, using a modified version of the sequential Corsi block task to examine the impact of symmetry on visuospatial memory, showed an advantage of vertical symmetry over non-symmetrical sequences, but no effect of horizontal or diagonal symmetry. The present four experiments investigated the mechanisms underlying the encoding of vertical, horizontal and diagonal configurations using simultaneous presentation and a dual-task paradigm. Results indicated that the recall of vertically symmetric arrays was always better than that of all other patterns and was not influenced by any of the concurrent tasks. Performance with horizontally or diagonally symmetrical patterns differed, with high performing participants showing little effect of concurrent tasks, while low performers were disrupted by concurrent visuospatial and executive tasks. A verbal interference had no effect on either group. Implications for processes involved in the encoding of symmetry are discussed, together with the crucial importance of individual differences. © 2012 Elsevier B.V
sj-docx-1-qjp-10.1177_17470218221128780 – Supplemental material for Rate of forgetting is independent from initial degree of learning across different age groups
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-qjp-10.1177_17470218221128780 for Rate of forgetting is independent from initial degree of learning across different age groups by Karim Rivera-Lares, Sergio Della Sala, Alan Baddeley and Robert Logie in Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology</p
Entrevista con Alan Baddeley
No full textEnglish Professor A. Baddeley, director of the �Applied Psychology Unit�, is presented as
one of the most important researchers in cognitive psychology. Then the interview focuses on the socalled
�operative memory� or �working memory� and some of its implications. First, the author
speaks about his studies on reading development, stating that language deficits could be seen as an
operative memory deficit. Then, he speaks about human learning from the perspective of cognitive
psychology, as well as the links between his approach and that of �automatic and controlled
processes� of Shiffrin and Schneider, or Navon and Copher�s perspective of �resources assignement�.
The interview finishes analizing the links between learning and operative memory.Tras presentar a este profesor inglés -director de la Applied Psychology Unit- como uno de
los investigadores más importantes en psicología cognitiva, la entrevista se centra en la denominada
�memoria operativa� o �memoria de trabajo� (working memory) y alguna de sus implicaciones. En
primer lugar el autor nos habla de sus estudios sobre el desarrollo de la lectura, afirmando que se
puede caracterizar el retraso en el lenguaje como un déficit en la memoria operativa. Seguidamente
trata el tema del aprendizaje humano desde la perspectiva de la psicología cognitiva, así como la
relación entre su enfoque y el de los procesos automáticos y controlados de Shiffrin y Schneider o el
de asignación de recursos de procesamiento de Navon y Gopher. Esta entrevista finaliza analizando
las relaciones entre aprendizaje y memoria operativ
A Macat analysis of Alan Baddeley and Graham Hitch’s Working Memory
No full textIn the 1960s, researchers into human memory began to understand memory as operating under two systems. The first was a short-term system handling information for mere seconds. The second was a long-term system capable of managing information indefinitely. They also discovered, however, that short-term memory was not simply a filing cabinet, but was actively working on cognitive - or mental - tasks. This is how the phrase working memory developed.
Alan Baddeley and Graham Hitch wanted to find evidence to prove that short-term memory really could be described as working memory. Their 1974 work presents the results of 10 original experiments and concludes that working memory actually consists of three parts. Two separate components - one handling what we hear, one handling what we see - act as our short-term information storage. The third component is responsible for processing and managing the first two, while also influencing attention, reasoning, reading comprehension, and learning.
Although evidence from recent experiments has led to some modifications to the Baddeley - Hitch working memory model, Working Memory was and still is a highly influential paper in memory research.https://scholarcommons.scu.edu/faculty_books/1261/thumbnail.jp
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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