13,686 research outputs found
Development and validation of a novel testing procedure for the evaluation of rutting susceptibility of bituminous binders
No full textThe research reported herein deals with evaluation of rutting susceptibility of different asphalt binders thorough various parameters and correlating them with parameters resulted from tests carried out on their corresponding mixtures. Several factors influence the occurrence of rutting in asphalt mixtures including aggregate properties, composition (aggregate gradation and binder content), and volumetric. However Asphalt binders play a major role in affecting rutting resistance of asphalt mixtures used in road pavements. In the first phase of research four different types of asphalt binders were analyzed by subjecting them to a new protocol combining Single Creep-Recovery (SCR) tests with Multiple Stress Creep (MSC) tests on DSR. Low shear viscosity (LSV) and Multiple Stress Creep Recovery (MSCR) tests were also performed for comparison purposes. LSV and MSCR tests are currently known as standard procedure for the evaluation of rutting susceptibility of binders. However, recent studies have shown the existence of significant drawbacks for LSV and MSCR method when applied to highly modified polymers products. Three shear stress levels (20, 100 and 500 kPa) were applied in case of MSC tests. In case of SCR test 100 kPa shear stress was applied. Two neat binders having same penetration grade 50/70 but different sources were tested at four temperatures (46°C, 52°C, 58°C and 64°C). Asphalt rubber and SBS modified binder were tested at 58°C, 64°C, 70°C and 76°C. The higher range of temperature was used because the aim of testing protocol was to reach steady state flow during creep phase at all temperatures. In case of MSCR tests on AR and PMB tests were started at 64 °C and for NA and NB same temperature range selected for SCR and MSC was also applied. In case of SCR-MSC creep compliance rate from creep phase and permanent compliance from recovery phase were calculated in order to rank binders for their rutting susceptibility. In case of LSV and MSCR tests EVT (Equi-viscous temperature) and non-recoverable compliances were calculated respectively. Single creep-recovery tests combined with multiple stress creep were found to be more accurate in ranking binders for their rutting susceptibility. In the 2nd phase of research the rutting resistance of asphalt mixtures containing above mentioned binders was evaluated. In particular three dense -graded and three gap-graded rubberized mixtures were investigated. Two rubberized gap graded mixtures were prepared in laboratory, one with 2 % filler and the second one with 5 % filler. The third gap graded rubberized mixture was supplied by a plant located in the center of Italy. Amount of binders in all gap graded asphalt mixture was 8 %. The first Dense-graded asphalt mixture was prepared in laboratory with neat binder NA. The second one was collected from local plant which employed neat binder NB, having same penetration grade as the first one but different source and slightly lower maximum design temperature. The third mixture was also prepared in laboratory with SBS polymer modified binder. The binder contents in dense graded asphalt mixtures were 5.5 %. All the three mixtures were analyzed by subjecting cylindrical specimen to Flow number tests on APMT. Flow number has been recognized as newly anti-rutting indicator of asphalt mixtures. Flow numbers for all the mixtures were measured at 3 different temperatures (46°C, 52°C and 58°C). These testing temperatures were selected keeping in mind diversity of pavement temperature across the country. The 2nd purpose of selecting different testing temperature was to study how Flow number varies with change in temperature. The results obtained from mixtures were compared with those obtained from binders. Considering three binders NA, NB and SBS and their corresponding mixtures, it was observed that strong correlation exists between binder parameters and Flow number, so parameters from binder testing can be used to predict rutting susceptibility of their corresponding mixtures. Rectangular specimens were prepared from all rubberized gap graded asphalt mixtures and one traditional mixture. These specimens were tested on wheel tracking test device in order to compare results from AMPT with WT
Pioneers of Library Movement in Pakistan
No full textThe paper aims to describe in brief the contribution of seven leaders of Pakistan librarianship, viz. K.B. Khalifa M. Asadullah, Prof. Dr. Abdul Moid, Dr. Abdus Subuh Qasimi, Muhammad Shafi, Fazal Elahi, Khawaja Nur Elahi and S. V. Hussain. The early library developments are given for better understanding of the role of these leaders
Deep Learning Benchmarks and Datasets for Social Media Image Classification for Disaster Response
No full textThe crisis image benchmark dataset consists data from several data sources such as CrisisMMD, data from AIDR and Damage Multimodal Dataset (DMD). The purpose of this work was to develop a consolidated dataset, create non-overlapping train/dev/test set and provide a benchmark results for the community.
We propose new datasets for disaster type detection, and informativeness classification, and damage severity assessment. Moreover, we relabel existing publicly available datasets for new tasks. We identify exact- and near-duplicates to form non-overlapping data splits, and finally consolidate them to create larger datasets. In our extensive experiments, we benchmark several state-of-the-art deep learning models and achieve promising results. We release our datasets and models publicly, aiming to provide proper baselines as well as to spur further research in the crisis informatics community.
https://crisisnlp.qcri.org/crisis-image-datasets-asonam20
The labels in the dataset for different tasks are as follows:
Task 1: Disaster types
Earthquake
Fire
Flood
Hurricane
Landslide
Not disaster
Other disaster
Task 2: Informativeness
Informative
Not informative
Task 3: Humanitarian categories
Affected, injured, or dead people
Infrastructure and utility damage
Not humanitarian
Rescue volunteering or donation effort
Task 4: Damage severity
Little or none
Mild
Severe
Please cite the following papers, if you use any of these resources in your research.
Firoj Alam, Ferda Ofli, Muhammad Imran, Tanvirul Alam, Umair Qazi, Deep Learning Benchmarks and Datasets for Social Media Image Classification for Disaster Response, In 2020 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining (ASONAM), 2020. [Bibtex]
Firoj Alam, Ferda Ofli, and Muhammad Imran, CrisisMMD: Multimodal Twitter Datasets from Natural Disasters. In Proceedings of the 12th International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media (ICWSM), 2018, Stanford, California, USA. [Bibtex]
Hussein Mozannar, Yara Rizk, and Mariette Awad, Damage Identification in Social Media Posts using Multimodal Deep Learning, In Proc. of ISCRAM, May 2018, pp. 529–543.
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A memory window expression to evaluate the endurance of ferroelectric FETs
No full textThe recent discovery of ferroelectricity in HfO2 has revived the interest into non-volatile memories based on ferroelectric transistors (FeFETs). The key advantages of these FeFETs include the low power consumption and the compatibility with the existing CMOS process. On the other hand, issues related mainly to endurance still represent a challenge to the development of the technology. In this Letter, we propose to exploit an analytical expression for the Memory Window (MW) as a simple yet effective characterization tool to evaluate the endurance of FeFETs. The MW is defined as the difference between threshold voltages occurring due to polarization switching. The analytical formulation of the MW allows one to quickly estimate the generated trap concentration as a function of number of writing cycles (or time)
without recurring to numerical simulations. With the aid of the analytical model, we find that for typical program/erase pulse amplitudes and duration, endurance has a weak dependence on writing conditions. The characterization technique based on the MW would allow the systematic comparison of the performance and endurance of next-generation FeFETs
CrisisBench: Benchmarking Crisis-related Social Media Datasets for Humanitarian Information Processing
No full textThe CrisisBench dataset consists data from several different data sources such as CrisisLex (CrisisLex26, CrisisLex6), CrisisNLP, SWDM2013, ISCRAM13, Disaster Response Data (DRD), Disasters on Social Media (DSM), CrisisMMD and data from AIDR. The purpose of this work was to map the class label, remove duplicates and provide a benchmark results for the community.
Class labels
Informative vs not-informative:
Informative
Not informative
Humanitarian categories
Affected individual
Caution and advice
Displaced and evacuations
Donation and volunteering
Infrastructure and utilities damage
Injured or dead people
Missing and found people
Not humanitarian
Requests or needs
Response efforts
Sympathy and support
https://crisisnlp.qcri.org/crisis_datasets_benchmarks.html
https://github.com/firojalam/crisis_datasets_benchmarks
Please cite the following papers if you use any of these resources in your research.
Firoj Alam, Hassan Sajjad, Muhammad Imran and Ferda Ofli, CrisisBench: Benchmarking Crisis-related Social Media Datasets for Humanitarian Information Processing, In ICWSM, 2021.
Firoj Alam, Ferda Ofli and Muhammad Imran. CrisisMMD: Multimodal Twitter Datasets from Natural Disasters. In Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media (ICWSM), 2018, Stanford, California, USA.
Muhammad Imran, Prasenjit Mitra, and Carlos Castillo: Twitter as a Lifeline: Human-annotated Twitter Corpora for NLP of Crisis-related Messages. In Proceedings of the 10th Language Resources and Evaluation Conference (LREC), pp. 1638-1643. May 2016, Portorož, Slovenia.
A. Olteanu, S. Vieweg, C. Castillo. 2015. What to Expect When the Unexpected Happens: Social Media Communications Across Crises. In Proceedings of the ACM 2015 Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing (CSCW '15). ACM, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
A. Olteanu, C. Castillo, F. Diaz, S. Vieweg. 2014. CrisisLex: A Lexicon for Collecting and Filtering Microblogged Communications in Crises. In Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Weblogs and Social Media (ICWSM'14). AAAI Press, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Muhammad Imran, Shady Elbassuoni, Carlos Castillo, Fernando Diaz and Patrick Meier. Extracting Information Nuggets from Disaster-Related Messages in Social Media. In Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management (ISCRAM), May 2013, Baden-Baden, Germany.
Muhammad Imran, Shady Elbassuoni, Carlos Castillo, Fernando Diaz and Patrick Meier. Practical Extraction of Disaster-Relevant Information from Social Media. In Social Web for Disaster Management (SWDM'13) - Co-located with WWW, May 2013, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
https://appen.com/datasets/combined- disaster-response-data/
https://data.world/crowdflower/disasters- on-social-media
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Liquid racism and the Danish Prophet Muhammad cartoons
No full textThis is the author's accepted manuscript. The final published article is available from the link below. Copyright @ 2010 The Author.This article examines reactions to the October 2005 publication of the Prophet Muhammad cartoons in the Danish newspaper Jyllands-Posten. It does so by using the concept of ‘liquid racism’. While the controversy arose because it is considered blasphemous by many Muslims to create images of the Prophet Muhammad, the article argues that the meaning of the cartoons is multidimensional, that their analysis is significantly more complex than most commentators acknowledge, and that this complexity can best be addressed via the concept of liquid racism. The article examines the liquidity of the cartoons in relation to four readings. These see the cartoons as: (1) a criticism of Islamic fundamentalism; (2) blasphemous images; (3) Islamophobic and racist; and (4) satire and a defence of freedom of speech. Finally, the relationship between postmodernity and the rise of fundamentalism is discussed because the cartoons, reactions to them, and Islamic fundamentalism, all contain an important postmodern dimension.ESR
The Complete Muhammad Ali
No full textIncluding material and photographs not included in most of the 100 other books about the champion, Ishmael Reed's The Complete Muhammad Ali is more than just a biography-it is a fascinating portrait of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st. An honest, balanced portrayal of Ali, the book includes voices that have been omitted from other books. It charts Ali's evolution from Black Nationalism to a universalism, but does not discount the Nation of Islam and Black Nationalism's important influence on his intellectual development. Filipino American author Emil Guillermo speaks about how "The Thrilla' In Manila" brought the Philippines into the 20th century. Fans of Muhammad Ali, boxing fans, and those interested in modern African American history and the Nation of Islam will be fascinated by this biography by an accomplished American author.Intro -- DEDICATION -- INTRODUCTION -- The Curious History of an Icon -- CHAPTER 1 -- CHAPTER 2 -- CHAPTER 3 -- CHAPTER 4 -- CHAPTER 5 -- CHAPTER 6 -- CHAPTER 7 -- Did the Secret Government Fear a U.S. Muslim/Overseas Muslim Alliance? -- CHAPTER 8 -- CHAPTER 9 -- The Break Between the Prophet and his Disciple -- CHAPTER 10 -- CHAPTER 11 -- CHAPTER 12 -- The GOAT (Greatest Of All Time): Ali or Louis? -- CHAPTER 13 -- The Nation of Islam, the Mob, Showdowns in Canada and Sonny Liston -- CHAPTER 14 -- CHAPTER 15 -- The Taunts: Marketing or Racism? -- CHAPTER 16 -- CHAPTER 17 -- CHAPTER 18 -- CHAPTER 19 -- Boxing and the Brain -- CHAPTER 20 -- Ali's Feet -- CHAPTER 21 -- Mr. Dick -- CHAPTER 22 -- CHAPTER 23 -- The Opening Ceremonies, November 2005 -- CHAPTER 24 -- December 2005, Las Vegas -- CHAPTER 25 -- CHAPTER 26 -- June 16, 2004 -- CHAPTER 27 -- CHAPTER 28 -- CHAPTER 29 -- Aix-en-Provence -- CHAPTER 30 -- Ali as a Black Nationalist -- San Francisco, January 2004 Black Liberation Book Fair -- CHAPTER 31 -- January 31, 2004 -- CHAPTER 32 -- October 2005, Chicago -- CHAPTER 33 -- Why Ali remained with Elijah instead of following Malcolm -- CHAPTER 34 -- CHAPTER 35 -- February 4, 2006, Oakland, California -- CHAPTER 36 -- Like Zeus Descending from Mount Olympus -- CHAPTER 37 -- CHAPTER 38 -- Tuesday, February 28, 2006, New York -- CHAPTER 39 -- Bigger Than Boxing -- CHAPTER 40 -- Tribes Gallery, New York, April 2006 -- CHAPTER 41 -- June 2006, Louisville, Kentucky -- CHAPTER 42 -- CHAPTER 43 -- CHAPTER 45 -- Bad Company -- CHAPTER 46 -- Coxson, A Very Charming Rogue -- CHAPTER 47 -- Ali and the largest embezzlement scheme in Wells Fargo history -- CHAPTER 48 -- CHAPTER 49 -- "Lonnie is a stabilizing force."-Harry Belafonte -- October 29, 2006 -- CHAPTER 50 -- Abdul Rahman -- CHAPTER 51 -- CHAPTER 52 -- CHAPTER 53How Will Ali Be Remembered? New York, January 8, 2005 -- CHAPTER 54 -- CONCLUSION -- AFTERWORD -- Boxers' Rights? -- BIBLIOGRAPHY -- MUHAMMAD ALI -- ISLAM AND NATION OF ISLAM -- BOXING -- RELATED SUBJECTS -- ALSO AVAILABLE FROM BARAKA BOOKSIncluding material and photographs not included in most of the 100 other books about the champion, Ishmael Reed's The Complete Muhammad Ali is more than just a biography-it is a fascinating portrait of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st. An honest, balanced portrayal of Ali, the book includes voices that have been omitted from other books. It charts Ali's evolution from Black Nationalism to a universalism, but does not discount the Nation of Islam and Black Nationalism's important influence on his intellectual development. Filipino American author Emil Guillermo speaks about how "The Thrilla' In Manila" brought the Philippines into the 20th century. Fans of Muhammad Ali, boxing fans, and those interested in modern African American history and the Nation of Islam will be fascinated by this biography by an accomplished American author.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
Physics of Phase Transition Switches
No full textThe semiconductor industry is undergoing an epochal shift, driven by the move to pseudo-three- (2.5D) and three-dimensional (3D) packaging of integrated circuits based on non-scalable classical Boltzmann transistors. In this regard, the scaling potential of post-Boltzmann phase-transition logic switches, memory elements, super-Nernstian sensors, and zero-energy displays remains underappreciated. Broadly defined, phase-transition switches operate between two stable states separated by an energy or power barrier, offering promising solutions for the future of electronics. This tutorial paper provides a foundational and intuitive understanding of the emerging field of phase-transition electronics. It also highlights open issues and research opportunities, serving as a roadmap for advancing this critical technology
Reliability physics of ferroelectric/negative capacitance transistors for memory/logic applications: An integrative perspective
No full textDespite the remarkable development in ferroelectric HfO2-based FETs, key reliability challenges (e.g., retention, endurance, etc.) may still limit their widespread adoption in memory and logic applications. In this paper, we present a simple theoretical framework—based on the Landau theory of phase transition—to design both ferroelectric FETs (FeFETs) and negative capacitance transistors (NCFETs) and investigate their reliability issues. For FeFETs, we analyze the role of interface and bulk traps on memory window closure to quantify endurance under different operating conditions. For NCFETs, we discuss the beneficial role of NC effect in reducing (or even eliminating) the persistent reliability issue of negative bias temperature instability that has plagued MOSFETs for decades. FE/NCFETs can also be affected by the Hot Atom Damage involving switching-induced bond dissociation during transient overshoot. We conclude by discussing how other FET reliability issues (e.g., TDDB, HCD, etc.) may also have to be reinterpreted for FE/NCFETs
PEMAHAMAN HADIS TENTANG KEHIDUPAN ALAM BARZAKH
No full textMuhammad Suhardi: 2014. Pemahaman Hadis Tentang Kehidupan Alam Barzakh, Skripsi, Jurusan Tafsir Hadis Fakultas Ushuluddin dan Humaniora IAIN Antasari Banjarmasin, 2014. Pembimbing I: Dr. Akhmad Sagir, M.Ag, dan Pembimbing II: Dra. Hj. Noor’ainah, M.Fil.l.
Alam barzakh merupakan bagian dari alam ghaib yang tidak diketahui oleh manusia, kecuali atas informasi dari Allah swt. melalui Nabi-Nya. Alam ini termasuk sesuatu yang wajib diimani adanya, dan mempersiapkan bekal untuk menghadapinya. Dalam masalah ini sudah disebut dalam bentuk Alquran dan alhadis, motivasi dan peringatan (basyiran wa nadzira) agar manusia selalu mengingat mati dan berbuat baik selama hidup di dunia.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pemahaman hadis tentang kehidupan alam barzakh dari sisi tekstual dan kontekstual. Penelitian ini termasuk dalam penelitian kepustakaan (library research) dengan menggunakan sumber-sumber data dari literatur yang terkait. Metode yang digunakan ialah metode deskriptif yaitu menggambarkan topik yang membahas kehidupan alam barzakh dalam hadis-hadis Nabi Muhammad saw. secara mendalam dan menyeluruh. Adapun pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu dengan pendekatan fiqh al-hadîts yang menyangkut kajian pemahaman hadis, untuk menjelaskan dan mengungkap hadis-hadis Nabi Muhammad saw. Adapun yang berkaitan dengan kehidupan alam barzakh, langkah-langkahnya, (a) menentukan tema penelitian, (b) menghimpun hadis-hadis yang terkait dengan penelitian, (c) mengumpulkan bahan-bahan dan rujukan yang terkait dengan yang diteliti sebagai bahan pengayaan dan pijakan (d) menganalisa hadis-hadis secara tekstual dan kontekstual dengan merujuk kepada referensi yang relevan, (e) menyimpulkan hasil penelitian.
Setelah dilakukan penelitian dengan langkah-langkah yang telah ditetapkan tersebut maka diperoleh hasil penelitian sebagai berikut:
Secara tekstual, hadis-hadis tentang kehidupan alam barzakh ini diriwayatkan oleh Imam Bukhari, dijelaskan beberapa keadaan orang mati di alam barzakh. Antara lain adalah: a); bahwa orang mati mendengar suara langkah kaki orang yang hidup. b); bahwa orang mati berteriak saat ditandu menuju kuburnya. c); bahwa orang mati mendengar pembicaraan orang yang hidup.
Secara kontekstual, dilihat dari konteks historis hadis tentang kehidupan alam barzakh ialah hadis tentang mendengarnya orang mati terhadap langkah kaki orang yang hidup, ia merupakan hadis motivasi dan peringatan kepada manusia tentang beberapa hal, yaitu: pertama, bahwa setiap orang yang mati pasti akan dikubur, siapapun dia. Kedua, setiap orang yang mati pasti ditinggalkan oleh keluarga dan teman-temannya, sehingga hanya sendirian didalam kubur, bahkan diperdengarkan suara langkah kaki mereka. Seakan-akan langkah kaki mereka ingin mengatakan, bahwa mereka telah pergi meniggalkannya sendirian. Ketiga, setiap orang yang mati pasti ditemui oleh dua Malaikat yang akan mengajukan pertanyaan-pertanyaan. Apabila pertanyaan-pertanyaan itu mampu dijawab, maka ia akan selamat. Sebaliknya, apabila tidak mampu dijawab dengan baik, maka siksa kubur akan menimpanya sampai hari kebangkitan
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