1,720,958 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Vers des solutions secrètes et économes en énergie pour les systèmes d'accès multiple non-orthogonal coopératifs assistés par rétrodiffusion
No full textThe rapid development of next-generation wireless networks comes with increasing requirements in terms of massive connectivity, energy efficiency, and secure communications. In this context, Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) has emerged as a key technology to serve multiple users simultaneously over the same spectral resources. In parallel, Ambient Backscatter Communication (AmBC) offers an energy-efficient solution by enabling passive data transmission using ambient signals. However, the open nature of the wireless channel makes these systems vulnerable to passive eavesdropping attacks, which raises the need to design robust protection mechanisms. In this regard, Physical Layer Security (PLS) is an emerging paradigm that addresses this challenge by exploiting the inherent characteristics of the wireless channel, such as noise, fading, dispersion, and interference, to ensure confidentiality between legitimate users in the presence of potential eavesdroppers. In this thesis, we study novel resource allocation strategies for maximizing the secrecy energy-efficiency (SEE) in multi-user NOMA networks, with or without ambient backscatter assistance. First, we study a downlink NOMA system in the presence of a passive eavesdropper. Assuming perfect channel state information, we formulate a bi-objective optimization problem aiming to maximize the secrecy rate while minimizing power consumption, under a total power budget and minimum rate per user constraints. We derive an exact solution for the optimal power allocation in the scalarized case, which not only characterizes all the optimal points on the Pareto boundary, but also significantly reduces the complexity of the fractional problem. In particular, when the objective is the ratio between the total secure throughput and the total consumed power, our optimal solution allows Dinkelbach's algorithm to be reduced to a simple one-dimensional bisection search, thus avoiding any complex iterative numerical resolutions. Simulations highlight the advantage of NOMA over Orthogonal Multiple Access (OMA) in terms of the secrecy rate vs. power trade-off. Next, we extend our study by integrating ambient backscatter devices that transmit their own data by modulating the radio signal they receive from the transmitter without emitting any active signal. In a first scenario, we consider a single fixed device acting as a passive relay. By exploiting the structure of the composite channel, we obtain an exact solution for optimal resource allocation. The study is then extended to more general configurations, including multiple cooperative devices. In this case, the problem becomes significantly more complex, making exact approches impractical. We then propose a heuristic method based on the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm, enabling the joint allocation of transmit powers and backscatter reflection coefficients. The results show that the secrecy energy-efficiency improves with the number of backscatter devices, and that the gains remain robust even in the presence of estimation errors on the eavesdropper's channel. Finally, we develop an approach based on Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) to predict optimal resource allocations in dynamic environments. A Feedforward Neural Network (FNN) is trained from reference solutions obtained from our previous contributions. To ensure interpretability, we use the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) method to identify the most influential input variables. This solution reaches up to 96.2% of the performance of exact optimization, while significantly reducing the computational complexity, thus providing a fast, scalable, and interpretable solution suitable for real-time systems.Le développement rapide des réseaux sans fil s’accompagne d’exigences croissantes en termes de connectivité massive, d’efficacité énergétique et de sécurité des communications. Dans ce contexte, l’accès multiple non-orthogonal (NOMA) est devenu une technologie clé permettant de desservir simultanément plusieurs utilisateurs sur les mêmes ressources spectrales. Parallèlement, la communication par rétrodiffusion ambiante (AmBC) permet de transmettre des données de manière passive à l'aide de signaux ambiants, ce qui est économe en énergie. Cependant, la nature ouverte du canal sans fil rend ces systèmes vulnérables aux écoutes passives, ce qui rend nécessaire la conception de mécanismes de protection robuste. A cet égard, la sécurité de la couche physique (PLS) est un paradigme émergent qui relève ce défi en exploitant les caractéristiques inhérentes au canal sans fil, telles que le bruit, l’évanouissement, la dispersion et l’interférence, afin de garantir la confidentialité entre les utilisateurs légitimes en présence d'oreilles indiscrètes potentielles. […] Dans un premier temps, l’étude porte sur un système de transmission NOMA dans l’éventualité d’un intercepteur passif. En postulant une information parfaite sur l'état des canaux, nous formulons un problème d'optimisation à bi-objectif visant à maximiser le débit d'information confidentiel tout en minimisant la consommation de puissance, dans le cadre d’une contrainte de budget de puissance totale et d'un débit minimal par utilisateur. Une solution exacte pour l'allocation de puissance est dérivée. Cette solution ne se contente pas de caractériser tous les points optimaux sur la frontière de Pareto, elle permet également une réduction significative de la complexité du problème fractionnaire. Dans le cadre de l'optimisation du rapport débit d'information secrète sur énergie consommée, notre solution permet de réduire l'algorithme de Dinkelbach à une recherche unidimensionnelle. […] Dans la continuité de nos recherches, nous procédons à l'intégration d'appareils de rétrodiffusion ambiante qui transmettent leurs propres données en modulant le signal radio reçu de l'émetteur, sans émettre de signal actif. Dans un premier scénario, nous considérons un dispositif fixe unique qui fonctionne comme un relais passif. En exploitant la structure du canal composite, nous obtenons une solution exacte pour une allocation optimale des ressources. L'étude est ensuite élargie à des configurations plus générales, incluant plusieurs dispositifs coopératifs. Dans ce cas particulier, la complexité de la situation s'accroît de manière significative, rendant les approches exactes difficilement utilisables. Dans le cadre de cette étude, une méthodologie heuristique fondée sur l'algorithme Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) est proposée. Cette approche permet une allocation conjointe des puissances de transmission et des coefficients de réflexion. Les résultats de l’étude démontrent que la confidentialité s'améliore avec le nombre de dispositifs de rétrodiffusion, et que les bénéfices restent significatifs même en présence d'erreurs d'estimation sur le canal de l'intercepteur. Enfin, nous développons une approche basée sur l'intelligence artificielle explicable (XAI) pour prédire l'allocation optimale de ressources dans des environnements dynamiques. Un réseau neuronal feed forward (FNN) est formé à partir des solutions de référence obtenues dans les contributions précédentes. Pour garantir l'interprétabilité, nous utilisons la méthode SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) pour identifier les variables d'entrée les plus influentes. Cette solution atteint jusqu'à 96,2% de la performance de l'optimisation exacte, tout en réduisant de manière significative la complexité de calcul, fournissant une solution rapide, évolutive et interprétable adaptée aux systèmes en temps réel
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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