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La prévention en médecine générale
No full textDenis Bucquet, Alain Colvez, Françoise Hatton: Prevention in general practice.
In France in 1975, according to a national survey among practitioners, 11 % of encounters in General Practice are related to prevention, accounting for 20 million encounters a year for a total of 156 million. Higher among females, the proportion of preventive encounters shows two peaks according to age : the first among small-age children and the second round 15-24 years of âge among females and to a lesser extent among maies. Whereas the frequency of preventive encounters does not differ between urban or rural areas, or according to the sex of practitioner, the content of these encounters appears different, especially as far as the contraception is concerned. Practitioners aged 60 years and over perform half less preventive encounters than their younger colleagues, the defect turning on contraception and child/maternal care. The part of the preventive work in the whole workload of general practitioners verges on 5 %.
Within the framework of a research on the specific field of General Practice, analysing the preventive activity of practitioners leads to some questions about the level of their concern with preventive matters. The importance of different types of their preventive activity is discussed : primary, secondary, tertiary prévention as well as health education or chronic diseases surveillance. Finally we move to the education of physicians in the regard of preventive strategies and to their propencity to prevention.Denis Bucquet, Alain Colvez, Françoise Hatton : La prévention en médecine générale.
En France, en 1975, d'après une enquête nationale auprès des médecins, 11 % des actes réalisés par les médecins généralistes sont des actes rattachables à la prévention, soit près de 20 millions d'actes par an pour un total de 156 millions d'actes. Plus importante chez les femmes, la proportion d'actes de prévention présente deux pics selon l'âge : un premier chez les très jeunes enfants et un second vers 15-24 ans chez les femmes et à un moindre niveau chez les hommes. Si la fréquence des actes de prévention ne diffère pas entre les zones urbaines ou rurales ou selon le sexe du médecin, le contenu de ces actes apparaît différent, particulièrement pour ce qui est de la contraception. Les médecins âgés de plus de 60 ans font moitié moins de prévention que leurs collègues plus jeunes, le déficit portant sur la contraception et la surveillance materno-infantile. Enfin, la part du travail préventif dans la charge globale de travail en médecine générale avoisine 5 %.
Dans le cadre d'une recherche sur le champ spécifique de la médecine générale, analyser l'activité de prévention des médecins généralistes conduit aussi à s'interroger sur leur niveau de préoccupation en matière de prévention. La place des différents types de prévention dans l'activité des praticiens est discutée : prévention primaire, secondaire et tertiaire comme l'éducation pour la santé et la surveillance des porteurs d'affections chroniques. Enfin la formation des praticiens aux stratégies préventives ainsi que leurs inclinations face à la prévention sont abordées.Bucquet Denis, Hatton Françoise, Colvez Alain. La prévention en médecine générale. In: Sciences sociales et santé. Volume 2, n°1, 1984. pp. 51-69
Genèse et évolution des clic : expérience des centres locaux d'information et de coordination depuis le bureau d'information gérontologique de Lunel
No full textGoing Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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