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Pozzetti neolitici nel sito di Serra Neula/Puisteris – Mogoro (Sardegna centro-occidentale)
No full textStrutture in negativo di piccole dimensioni del Neolitico finale a Cuccuru is Arrius (Cabras, OR)
No full textSMALL-SIZE DUG STRUCTURES FROM THE FINAL NEOLITHIC DWELLING SITE OF CUCCURU IS ARRIUS (CABRAS, OR) - Cuccuru is Arrius is the widest Neolithic open-air settlement that was systematically excavated in Sardinia. The excavations, extensively performed
between 1976 and 1980 through a rescue campaign caused by the digging of a wide channel connecting the Cabras Pond with the Gulf of Oristano, brought to light a broad and long-lived prehistoric dwelling (Santoni et alii 1982). Settlement phases, spanning from the beginnings of the Middle Neolithic Bonu Ighinu culture to the Early Eneolithic Sub-Ozieri facies, led to analyze in detail a number of dug structures, many of them sharing small size and different shapes.
In this paper, we aim at present a representative sample of excavated structures from the so-named “C” and “H” sectors of the site, the only ones actually
bearing a comprehensive information (fig. 1). These sectors belong to the later phase of expansion in the dwelling, which took place northwestwards from the
original Middle Neolithic settlement on the top of a gentle sand dune under fossilization. From both chronological and cultural perspective, the structures on examination belong exclusively to the Final Neolithic/Proto-Eneolithic San Michele di Ozieri Culture, and one may date them back from the first half to the third quarter of the IV millennium BCE. Nearly always, these pits are physically related to other structures and/or space arrangements linked to everyday life requirements. Among the small-size pits, the most frequent type shows a “bell” shape, according to well-documented examples from the “C” sector. They have a circular mouth around 1.2 m wide, a maximum depth of 1.4 meters, and the greatest width variously placed between the middle height and the third near the bottom. Many other small pits have a quasi-cylindrical shape, with sub-vertical walls and a slightly higher capacity: they measure 1.4 meters at their circular mouth and are 1.5 meters deep. On the other hand, we may not certainly assign some structures to one of the aforementioned types, since they have not been thoroughly excavated and recorded. A number of other dug structures, smaller in diameter and depth, as well as relatively uniform in shape, were distributed many in number exclusively inside the “H” sector. These small pits have either flat or concave bottom; their mouth is usually circular and 0.8
meters wide, when the depth ranges between 0.3 and 0.8 meters. As many as seven of these pits form a ring around the bell-shaped 310 pit and their backfilling is systematically garbage dump. Almost all the “bell-shaped” structures yielded in their bottom either lithic elements or big pottery shards; the overlapping backfilling was almost always composed of a sandy matrix, mixed mostly with bones and shells waste, together with both pottery and lithic
discarded artefacts (fig. 2). The component of the filling suggest its formation was a consequence of the abandonment of the original function of these
structures. Yet, it is not easy to evaluate the time elapsed between the suspension of use and the filling of the pits. Moreover, at the bottom of the 310 structure,
exclusive lithic elements arranged according to a sloping position seem to be in agreement with a deliberate and planned filling. In the lack of specific absolute chronology and of consistent stratigraphic relationships between the small size pits and other structures being present in the site (fireplaces, waste pits, cobble pavements), it is commonly hard to verify the contemporaneity of these different dwelling structures. Nonetheless, both the pits number 128 and 133b (fig. 3) are tangent to sandstone-paved surfaces: this feature suggests that dug structures and cobbles may have been mutually dependent in functional terms. In the case of 133b, 133bis and 132 pits, also grouped together, the dug structures seem to be in relation with some hearths. Moreover, a heart overlay the mouth of the 133bis pit, thus canceling it and finishing its originally intended function
Le strutture di combustione in fossa di Lugo di Grezzana (VR). Studio archeologico-sperimentale finalizzato all’interpretazione funzionale
No full text
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Piccole fosse e “depositi strutturati” del Neolitico Medio B in Sardegna (4500-4000 cal. BC)
No full textSMALL PITS AND "STRUCTURED DEPOSITS" DURING MIDDLE NEOLITHIC B IN SARDINIA (4500-4000 CAL. BC) -
During the last decade, the researches about some sites of the San Ciriaco facies (4500-4000 cal. BC), especially in Central-Western Sardinia (fig. 1), led to identify a particular diversification of the dug-out structures, in terms of morphology, size, type of contents and filling processes (Soro, Usai 2009; Lugliè et alii, in press; Fanti et alii, in press). The aim of this paper is to reflect on the use of some dug-out structures during this period, in particular on the small pits, with a specific attention to the role of the functional analysis of the artifacts contained in the pits as a key to the interpretation of the function of the pits themselves.
On the one hand, some Middle Neolithic B sites (San Ciriaco-Terralba, Su Mulinu Mannu-Terralba, Cuccuru is Arrius-Cabras, OR) are characterized by medium-large size pits with fragmentary and scattered faunal, ceramic and lithic remains, resulting from a generic repeated but not ordered activity linked to refuse disposal (Santoni et alii 1997; Sebis et alii 2012, 498; Lugliè et alii in press). On the contrary, in other sites (as Gribaia-Nurachi, OR, and, in part, Bau Angius-Terralba, OR), there are small pits, generally having a subcircular or subelliptic shape, with a diameter and depth of about 20-40 cm, filled with selected and differentiated materials, which are almost intact or preserved for a good portion of their original morphology (fig. 2, a) (Lugliè 2003; Soro , Usai 2009; Fanti et alii in press). Different types of structures can be distinguished: - small pits containing groups of pottery vessels with whole, half or 3⁄4 preserved profiles; the vessels were stacked one inside another, or turned upside down and stacked one upon another (fig. 2, a-b); sometimes, sporadic faunal or malacological remains, almost complete bone tools and/or ground stone tools were associated to pottery containers;
- small pits containing malacological remains;
- small pits containing obsidian and/or flint tools.
The state of conservation, the intentional separation of different kinds of artefacts and the structured deposition of these ones reflect a sequence of intended and repeated actions. Specially, the detailed analysis of contents of “type a” small pits (filled with pottery vessels), led to identify a recurrent association of vessel morpho-types, whose combination seems to constitute a “set” of containers, that have been used together and then deposited. In order to understand the function of pottery vessels in the small pits and, consequently, to obtain some clues about the function of the same dug-out structures, we focused our research on the analysis of morphodimensional features of vessels, on use-wear of ceramic surfaces, and on chemical analysis of absorbed organic
residues in pottery. The results of this integrated methodological approach revealed that vessels were used to contain and process animal and vegetal foods
before deposition in pits (Fanti et alii 2016). The features of the small pits of Middle Neolithic B in Sardinia (morphology and dimensions, separation or
association of different kinds of artefacts and faunal remains, structured deposition, use of vessels as identified by functional analysis) suggest a codified,
shared and possibly symbolically invested behavior. Nevertheless, based on the archaeological and ethnographic literature, different interpretations can
be made about function of these small pits, and about cultural and social implications underlying in behaviors of Middle Neolithic B societies. All different
interpretations have to be discussed in synchronic and diachronic relationship with available data on the function of dug-out structures and small pits used by
other Neolithic groups in Mediterranean and centralsouthern Europe
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