207 research outputs found
Herbal medicine: the magic way crouching microbial resistance
No full textBacterial resistance to antibiotics poses a high level of danger worldwide. Bacterial resistance mechanisms are spreading globally, impeding our ability to treat common infectious diseases. Misuse and overuse of antibiotics accelerate microbial resistance
to antibiotics. Despite the exerted efforts, none of the newly developed antibiotics are expected to be effective against the dangerous forms of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Since many plants have been shown to contain powerful antimicrobial compounds
that can act synergistically or alternatively to antibiotics, the demand for herbal medicines has recently increased to cotreat microbes that are resistant to antibiotics. Maximum benefit can be achieved when the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics
of natural products match the antibiotic. This review article refers to nine highly effective and key herbs to use alongside antibiotics to overcome crises of antibiotic resistance. Their unique molecular mechanisms of action have been highlighted
Online conductivity monitoring of dialysis adequacy versus Kt/V derived from urea reduction ratio: A prospective study from a Saudi center
No full textMethodology to Improve Energy Efficiency of Heritage Buildings Using HBIM-Sabil Qaitbay: A Case Study from Egypt
No full textOver the last few decades, reducing energy consumption in existing buildings became vital. Although architectural heritage values do not allow typical retrofit interventions, research and practice have demonstrated that heritage buildings can be energy efficient without compromising the building’s heritage values. This article shows the results of energy analysis performed on heritage buildings with HBIM-based simulations such as Revit, Insight, and Green Building Studio. These tools were used to study the energy performance and thermal comfort of Sabil Qaitbay in Cairo, a heritage building built in the fifteenth century, and it is currently used as a library and school for cinema and television. The building history and the conservation values of the current project were studied. Then, the methodology to improve the energy efficiency of heritage buildings using HBIM was discussed. Moreover, two proposals were applied to the current base case, and the potential energy saving for each proposed intervention was investigated. The simulation confirmed a possible reduction of 18.7% in energy consumption with the lowest-cost interventions and 33% with the highest-cost interventions
Online conductivity monitoring of dialysis adequacy versus Kt/V derived from urea reduction ratio: A prospective study from a Saudi center
No full textKhalid Al Saran1, Alaa Sabry2, Mamdouh Abdulghafour1, Ahmed Yehia11Prince Salman Center for Kidney Disease, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; 2Mansoura Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, EgyptIntroduction: Ad equate delivered dose of solute removal (as assessed by urea reduction and calculation of Kt/V) is an important determinant of clinical outcome in chronic hemodialysis (HD) patients. This requires both prescription of an adequate dose of HD and regular assessment that the delivered treatments are also adequate. Online conductivity monitoring using sodium flux as a surrogate for urea allows the repeated noninvasive measurement of Kt/V on each HD treatment.Methods: We prospectively studied 17 (9 males, 8 females) established chronic HD patients over an eight-week period (408 treatments). A pre- and post-dialyzer measurement of the conductivity is performed by two mutually independent temperature-compensated conductivity cells equipped with Fresenius 4008 S® dialysis machines. Urea reduction was measured (once a week) by a single pool calculation using immediate post-treatment sampling. No changes were made to any of the dialysis prescriptions over the study period. Values of calculated Kt/V and simultaneously obtained online Kt/V were compared.Results: There was a statistically significant difference between calculated Kt/V and online Kt/V over the study period. The mean calculated Kt/V was 1.37 ± 0.09, and mean online Kt/V 1.02 ± 0.15 (P = 0.000), calculated Kt/V ≥ 1.2 was achieved in all our patients while online Kt/V ≥ 1.2 was achieved in only 17.64 %. Yet there was moderate correlation between calculated Kt/V and online Kt/V (r2 = 0.48).Conclusions: Online conductivity monitoring results underestimates dialysis efficiency compared to calculated Kt/V readings. This difference has to be considered when applying Kt/V to clinical practice.Keywords: Kt/V, hemodialysis, online conductivity monitorin
The cost of hemodialysis in a large hemodialysis center
No full textTo assess the cost of hemodialysis (HD) delivered at our center according to the treatment protocols based on the current Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative (K/DOQI) guidelines, we analyzed our cost data during the period from 1st of January 2007 to 30th of June 2010. The methods were used to determine both direct costs (related to dialysis treatment such as dialysis disposables, dialysis related drugs, medical personnel, out-patient medications, laboratory and other ancillary services) and overhead costs (building, maintenance and engineering costs, housekeeping, and administrative personnel). During the study period, an average of 2,500 HD sessions per month were performed for 200 patients. The mean total cost per HD session was calculated as 297 US dollars (USD) [1,114 Saudi Riyals (SR)], and the mean total cost of dialysis per patient per year was 46,332 USD (173,784 SR). Direct costs contributed to 81.15% of the total cost from which the personnel cost represented 41.11% and dialysis disposables represented 13.64%, while medications (outpatient and intravenous dialysis related medications including albumin, erythropoiesis stimulating agents, iron and vitamin D3 ) accounted for 12.47% of the total cost. Our total cost level is well below the average cost in the industrialized countries
Pregnancy In Dialysis Patients: Two Successful Cases From A Saudi Renal Center And Management Guidelines
No full textFertility is markedly reduced in potients with chronic renal failure.
Wi here by repord two cases of successful prengnancy in 2 Saudi
patienst, the first with chronic renal failure on chronic hemodialy-sis
and the second with pre-existing renal disease aggravated by pregnancy
Central Venous Catheter-Related Bacteremia in Chronic Hemodialysis Patients:Saudi Single Center Experience
No full textPregnancy in dialysis patients: Two successful cases from a saudi renal center and management guidelines
No full textBadawi: An Academic With a Vision. A Personal Testimony
No full textIn this chapter, the author offers a personal testimony about his interaction with Mustafa Badawi as well as the latter's contribution to the study of both Arabic and English literature. The author remembers the day he returned to Oxford University to take part in a colloquium commemorating Badawi's life and work; it was also the fortieth anniversary of his arrival in Oxford for the first time in March 1973, thanks to Badawi's insight and initiative. He also cites two Egyptian critics who studied in the West before Badawi's generation, Muhammad Mandur and Luwis ʻAwad. In addition, he discusses Badawi's cultural formation and university education, particularly in Alexandria University, and talks about how Badawi opened new venues for Arabic literary criticism and modern Arabic literature in Oxford, and later in London. Finally, the author shares some of the many lessons he learnt from Badawi.</p
Pregnancy in dialysis patients: a case series
No full textAbstract Fertility is markedly reduced in patients with chronic renal failure. For women with pre-existing renal disease, pregnancy is associated with an increased rate of fetal complications and a considerable risk of renal disease progression. Due to substantial improvements in antenatal and neonatal care, fetal outcome has improved considerably in the last two decade. A Saudi survey which examined the frequency of pregnancy among women in end stage renal disease (ESRD) and undergoing regular hemodialysis (HD), showed an incidence of 7% over a five year period (1.4 per year). This may reflect the cultural endorsement of having offspring. We hereby report 2 cases of successful pregnancy managed at the Prince Salman Center for Kidney Diseases (PSCKD).</p
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