327,905 research outputs found
A half-century of metal and metalloid-containing polymers
No full textAlaa S. Abd-El-Aziz ... [et al.]; Includes bibliographical references and indexes.; Editor, Alaa S. Abd-El-Aziz, is currently President of the University of Prince Edward Island.Source type: Electronic(1
Dibenzyl ferrocene-1,1′-dicarboxylate
No full textIn the title compound, [Fe(C13H11O2)2], there are markedly different orientations of the two phenylmethoxycarbonyl substituents [O—C—C—C torsion angles = 84.5 (3) and 139.6 (2)°]. These orientations are mediated by a number of intermolecular C—H...O interactions, which result in a one-dimensional hydrogen-bonded network of molecules
Alaa vaihtaneiden opettajien kertomuksia alanvaihdosta ja ammatillisen identiteetin rakentumisesta
No full textOpettajankoulutus on Suomessa vetovoimainen ja siihen hakevat kokevat opettajan ammatin arvostettuna ja mielenkiintoisena. Silti yhä useampi valmistunut opettaja vaihtaa alaa. Opettajien alanvaihto aiheuttaa taloudellisia menetyksiä yhteiskunnalle ja heikentää opetuksen laatua. Jotta opettajien ammatillista kehittymistä ja opetustyössä pysymistä voitaisiin tukea, tulee opettajien alanvaihtoa ja sen syitä tutkia. Tutkielman tarkoituksena on tarkastella alaa vaihtaneiden opettajien työurien ja ammatillisen identiteetin rakentumista sekä niihin vaikuttaneita kokemuksia, vaiheita ja käännekohtia.
Tutkimuksen teoreettinen viitekehys koostuu ammatillisen identiteetin ja työuran käsitteiden sekä näiden rakentumisen tarkastelusta. Tässä tutkimuksessa ammatillinen identiteetti nähdään yksilön alati kehittyvänä ja dynaamisena käsityksenä itsestään ammattikuntansa jäsenenä. Ammatillinen identiteetti ja sen kehittyminen erilaisine vaiheineen ja kriiseineen heijastuu yksilön työuran kulkuun, urakäyttäytymiseen ja ammatilliseen kehitykseen.
Tutkimusaineistona käytettiin neljän alaa vaihtaneen opettajan työurakertomuksia sekä heidän tekemiään elämänjanapiirroksia. Kertomukset kerättiin narratiivis-elämäkerrallisilla teemahaastatteluilla. Tutkimusaihetta lähestyttiin aineistolähtöisesti, mutta aineiston analyysiin vaikuttivat myös teoreettisessa viitekehyksessä käsitellyt teoriat identiteetin rakentumisesta ja opettajan ammatillisesta kehittymisestä. Analyysi toteutettiin kahdessa osassa. Ensimmäisessä osassa keskityttiin kahden tutkittavan kertomuksiin kokonaisuuksina ja niistä koottiin kaksi elämäkerrallista työuratarinaa juonentamalla. Toisessa osassa tarkasteltiin opettajien alanvaihtoa ilmiönä tarkastelemalla ja vertailemalla kaikkien neljän tutkittavan kertomuksia teemoittain.
Ammatinvalintaansa syvällisesti pohtineet ja reflektoineet tutkittavat sitoutuivat opettajan uralle pitemmäksi aikaa kuin ne tutkittavat, jotka perustelivat opettajan ammatin valitsemista opettajan työn kannalta ulkoisilla syillä ja joilla käsitys tulevaisuuden ammatista ei ollut täysin selkeä. Tutkittavat vaihtoivat alaa ammatillisen identiteetin kriisiydyttyä tai työnkuvassa tapahtuneiden epämiellyttävien muutosten aiheuttaman kuormittumisen vuoksi. Ammatillisen identiteetin kriisin läpikäyneet havaitsivat, etteivät heidän ura-ankkurinsa olleet linjassa opettajan työn kanssa. Tulosten perusteella opettajankoulutuksen pääsykokeita tulisi kehittää niin, että hakijoiden aiempi työkokemus ja koulutus opetusalalta otettaisiin huomioon ja opetusuralle suuntautumisen motiivit ja perustelut kävisivät paremmin ilmi. Lisäksi opettajien työn kuormittavuutta tulee vähentää ja työnkuvaa selkiyttää
Diffusive author(s), cohesive author: Analysis of S/N (1994)
No full textThis study indicates the ways in which various aspects of the author(s) are brought forth in Dumb type’s performance art, the S/N production. Previous research has suggested a non-hierarchical organization of Dumb type and the absence of a “privileged author” in Dumb type’s collaborative work, S/N. However, the results that I have investigated from member’s interviews on the creative process of S/N along with my analysis of the recorded images of S/N, indicate a different aspect of the author(s). First, S/N was created through, so to speak, the collective ideas of the members of Dumb type. Further, S/N has at least nine quotations from previous performances, installations, and printed writings, besides the work-in-progress technique. Explicating one of the “author functions” as given by Michel Foucault, each text has plural subjects of the author. However, it has been revealed from members’ interviews that Teiji Furuhashi had a decision-making role in selecting the members’ ideas within the performance. Since then, S/N has had plural subjects of creation; however, Furuhashi is one of the subjects of creation along with the “privileged author.” S/N has plural authors (diffusive authors) yet at the same time, it has a “privileged author,” Teiji Furuhashi (cohesive author)
Nucleic Acid Targeted Therapy: G4 Oligonucleotides Downregulate HRAS in Bladder Cancer Cells through a Decoy Mechanism
No full textIn a previous study we have demonstrated that two neighboring G-quadruplexes, hras-1 and hras-2, located immediately upstream of the major transcription start site of HRAS, bind MAZ, a nuclear factor that activates transcription (Cogoi, S.; et al. Nucl. Acid Res. 2014, 42, 8379). For the present study we have designed G4 oligonucleotides with anthraquinone insertions and locked nucleic acids (LNA) modifications mimicking quadruplex hras-1. Luciferase, qRT-PCR, and Western blot data demonstrate that these constructs efficiently down regulate HRAS in T24 bladder cancer cells. The inhibitory efficiency of the G4 oligonucleotides correlates with their nuclease resistance in the cell environment. By chromatin immunoprecipitation we show that the association of MAZ to the HRAS promoter is strongly attenuated by the designed G4 oligonucleotides, thus suggesting that these constructs behave with a decoy mechanism
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
The Employment of Symbols in Alaa Bashir\u27s works
No full text يعد مفهوم الرمز أحد نشاطات الفكر الإنساني، التي استخدمها الإنسان منذ القدم للتعبير عن أفكاره ومشاعره وعاداته، وأن الفنان يعكس مشاعره وأحاسيسه وأفكاره على هذه النتاجات أو التراكيب الرمزية، ويعكس مشاعر وإحساسات أفكار تلك الفئة الاجتماعية التي يرتبط بها بنوع من المشاركة في هذه الأحاسيس والمشاعر. يهدف البحث الى الكشف عن توظيف الرمز في منجزات الفنان علاء بشير وقد اقتصرت حدود البحث على دراسة النتاجات الفنية للفنان علاء بشير بين عامي 1988- 2007 وتم تعريف عدد من مصطلحات هذه الدراسة، احتوى الجانب النظري على ثلاث مباحث اختص الأول منها بـالرمز مفاهيميا، والثاني بالمذهب الرمزي في الفن، والثالث بـالأبعاد المفاهيمية والجمالية لأعمال علاء بشير، وانتهى الجانب النظري بمؤشرات أفادت البحث بوصفها محكات لبناء الأداة.
أما إجراءات البحث فضمت مجتمع البحث 160 عملا فنيا بين رسم ونحت، تم اختيار 4 نماذج منها لعينة البحث أخذت بالطريقة القصدية لتلبي حاجة البحث. توصل البحث الى ابتعاد الفنان علاء بشير عن تمثيل الواقع وتأكيده على كل ماهو رمزي، فنتاجاته تحيل المشاهد إلى التأمل بما وراء العمل من أفكار كما في جميع نماذج عينة البحث. كما ووجد البحث ان رموز الفنان علاء بشير لا تنفصل عن اللاشعور الجمعي فهي محمله بطاقة تعبيرية كبيرة كما في جميع نماذج العينة.The concept of the symbol is one of the activities of human thought which has been used since ancient times to express thoughts, feelings and habits. The artist reflects his feelings and thoughts on these symbolic products or structures, and reflects the ideas of the social group with which (s)he is associated. Thus, this research aims to reveal the use of the symbol in the achievements of Alaa Bashir, the artist. The study is limited to studying the artistic products of Alaa Bashir between 1988 and 2007. The theoretical part of the study consists of three topics, the first of which is devoted to the concept of the symbol; the second to symbolism in art, and the third to the conceptual and aesthetic dimensions of Alaa Bashir\u27s work. The theoretical part is concluded with the indicators that formed the tool of research test.
As for the research procedures, the research community included 160 drawing and sculpture artworks, only four works are intentionally chosen for the research sample to meet the research objective. The study concludes that Alaa Bashir\u27s avoids representing reality and that his emphasis lies on everything that is symbolic. The research also found that Alaa Bashir’s symbols are inseparable from the collective unconscious, as they are loaded with large expressive potentials
I. Development of a Cryogenic Shock Tube. II. Experimental Investigation of the Interaction of a Shock Wave with Liquid Helium and I and II
No full textI. Development of a cryogenic shock tube
A cryogenic shock tube has been developed as a tool for research in fluid mechanics and low temperature physics. The shock tube is designed to operate with the test section immersed in a cryogenic liquid. A unique diaphragm changing mechanism makes this shock tube an economical and practical device.
There are several advantages in operating a shock tube at cryogenic temperatures. Shock waves of very large Mach number can be produced. The flow field can be accurately calculated using ideal shock tube - perfect gas theory. Boundary layer effects are decreased so that long test times are possible.
The cases which have been studied are test gas temperatures of 300, 77, 4.2, and 2.3°K. Helium is used as both test and driver gas. The largest Mach numbers which have been observed range from 2.4 at 300°K to 32 at 2.3°K (several runs at 1.46°K have produced Mach 40 shocks). As the test gas temperature is decreased the observed Mach numbers approach those calculated using the ideal shock tube equation. The observed test times can be interpreted using laminar or turbulent boundary layer theory if the effects of shock formation distance and wall temperature rise are taken into account.
As a laboratory tool the cryogenic shock tube may be applied in many areas and modified for use in even more. Large Mach number shocks and large Reynolds number flows can be produced with this device. The rapid increase in temperature and pressure across a shock wave is useful for studies of sublimation, evaporation, or chemical reactions. Quantum mechanical effects in cryogenic materials, superconductors, or superfluid helium can also be investigated.
II. Experimental investigation of the interaction of a shock wave with liquid helium I and II
The flow field produced by a shock wave reflecting from a helium gas -liquid interface has been investigated using a new cryogenic shock tube. Incident and reflected shock waves have been observed in the gas; transmitted first and second sound shocks have been observed in the liquid. Wave diagrams have been constructed to compare the data to theoretical wave trajectories. Qualitative agreement between data and theory has been shown. Quantitative differences between data and theory indicate a need for further analysis of both the gas-liquid interface and the propagation of nonlinear waves in liquid helium.
This work is essentially a first step in the experimental investigation of a very complex nonequilibrium state. The well controlled jump in temperature and pressure across the incident shock wave provides unique initial conditions for the study of dynamic phenomena in superfluid helium.
The results clearly demonstrate the usefulness of the cryogenic shock tube as a research tool.</p
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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