1,720,958 research outputs found
Emergency Medical Services (EMS) Calls During COVID-19: Early Lessons Learned for Systems Planning (A Narrative Review)
No full textAlaa Al Amiry,1 Brian J Maguire2,3 1Department of Clinical Studies, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates; 2Leidos (Research Laboratory), Groton, CT, USA; 3Central Queensland University in Australia, Rockhampton, Queensland, AustraliaCorrespondence: Alaa Al Amiry Email [email protected]: Over the course of the COVID-19 progress, reports from many locations around the world indicated major increases in EMS call volume, which imposed great pressure on EMS dispatch centers (EMSDC) globally. No studies yet have been done to examine this phenomenon.Objective: This paper examines the interrelated effects of the unprecedented global increase of EMS call, the effect of the COVID-19 crisis on responding to non-COVID-19 emergencies, and the concurrent effects of having overwhelmed dispatch centers. It tries to explain the current evidence of the bottleneck of EMS calls during the early phase of the worldwide pandemic.Eligibility Criteria: We examine the numbers of EMS calls internationally between March and June 2020, derived from published literature and news media. Only articles in English were selected, with certain keywords related to EMS calls, ambulance delay, stroke and cardiac arrest.Source of Evidence: Google Scholar was the main searching source.Results: After applying the selection criteria, a total of 29 citations were chosen, and a pattern of knowledge resulted in the emergence of five themes: EMS calls during COVID-19, Reduced EMS operator response time, Ambulance response delays, Collateral mortality and morbidity among non-COVID-19 cases, and Total ambulance call time.Conclusion: Over the course of COVID-19 progress, there was a global phenomenon of exponential increases in EMS calls, which is expected to impose a great pressure on EMS dispatch centers. Several factors contributing to the bottleneck of EMS calls are identified and explained.Keywords: EMS calls, COVID-19, ambulance response time, RT, pandemic response, EMS access, ambulance dela
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: An occupational health hazard in the prehospital setting
No full textMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a serious nosocomial infection within healthcare settings, and with its community version worldwide (i.e. community-acquired-MRSA), it is safe now to classify it as an epidemic. The aim of this paper is to build the logic for the reader to understand why this drug-resistant infection can impose an occupational hazard towards emergency health services personnel in the prehospital settings. This logic started with a model, the author conceptualizes as a cross-transmission continuum, in which the author explains the role of emergency medical service personnel in possibly contributing to the transmission of MRSA back and forth the community. A solution to interrupt this continuum, particularly surveillance systems within the emergency medical service field, is suggested and discussed. This is especially important in the light of bioterrorism as surveillance can become a necessity in preparation for biological disasters whether they are intentional (i.e. bioterrorism) or natural (i.e. outbreaks)
Innovation in healthcare: Exploring mobile apps at pre-hospital and in-hospital settings (with a little focus on Dubai)
No full textEconomic Insights to Optimize Chain of Survival in Emergency Response
No full textBackground:
Since economics is a social science studying individuals' behavior, it is plausible to employ its relevant concepts to study human behavior in the immediate response of lay citizens towards emergency incidents. In this context, economics has identified three types of policy lags in fiscal decisions that are of great interest to our study: recognition lag, decision lag, and implementation lag.
Objectives:
This study aims to apply the three policy lags in economics to the concept of ‘chain of survival' (CoS), in the hope of enticing rethinking its first link, and to seek solutions for CoS's optimal activation.
Methods:
This cross-sectional study explores immediate responses to prehospital emergencies through a global online survey in four languages. It assesses how lay citizens recognize medical emergencies and activate the EMS system. Data is analyzed with SPSS v26 while summarizing qualitative variables via frequencies and percentages.
Results:
A total of 239 respondents were recruited in the survey from multiple countries. About 32% of the sample had recognition lag 95% CI of [26.3%, 38.2%]. Lower recognition lag scores were significantly associated with male gender, residing in Europe and Oceania, European and North American nationalities, and first aid training in last 5-10 years. Around 70% of our sample had decision lag 95% CI of [63.6%, 75.3%]. The most statistically significant factor contributing to successful decision to calling for an ambulance was prior first aid training. The average implementation lag score was 46%, which was defined as five minutes delay in calling for an ambulance or more.
Conclusion:
Applying concise terminology to the CoS's first link (i.e. calling EMS) reveals behavioral constrains to an effective and timely activation of the CoS. These findings clarify immediate behaviors at times of emergencies, and inform targeted awareness programs addressing behavioral elements for a successful activation of the EMS system. [SJEMed 2024; 5(3.000): 264-264
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Emergency Medical Services (EMS) calls during COVID-19: Early lessons learned for systems planning (A narrative review)
No full textBackground: Over the course of the COVID-19 progress, reports from many locations around the world indicated major increases in EMS call volume, which imposed great pressure on EMS dispatch centers (EMSDC) globally. No studies yet have been done to examine this phenomenon.
Objective: This paper examines the interrelated effects of the unprecedented global increase of EMS call, the effect of the COVID-19 crisis on responding to non-COVID-19 emergencies, and the concurrent effects of having overwhelmed dispatch centers. It tries to explain the current evidence of the bottleneck of EMS calls during the early phase of the worldwide pandemic.
Eligibility Criteria: We examine the numbers of EMS calls internationally between March and June 2020, derived from published literature and news media. Only articles in English were selected, with certain keywords related to EMS calls, ambulance delay, stroke and cardiac arrest.
Source of Evidence: Google Scholar was the main searching source.
Results: After applying the selection criteria, a total of 29 citations were chosen, and a pattern of knowledge resulted in the emergence of five themes: EMS calls during COVID-19, Reduced EMS operator response time, Ambulance response delays, Collateral mortality and morbidity among non-COVID-19 cases, and Total ambulance call time.
Conclusion: Over the course of COVID-19 progress, there was a global phenomenon of exponential increases in EMS calls, which is expected to impose a great pressure on EMS dispatch centers. Several factors contributing to the bottleneck of EMS calls are identified and explained
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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