1,720,961 research outputs found
تحليل بنود أسئلة الاختبار التحصيلي لمهارة القراءة على أساس نظرية نورمن غرونلوند بمدرسة النقاية الثانوية مادورا
Get PDFمستخلص البحث
الاختبار الجيد مهم جدا في عملية التقيوم. الاختبار الجيد يستطيع أن يمييز بين قدرات الطلاب المرتفع و قدرات الطلاب المنخفضة. بناء على نتائج الاختبار التحصيلي لمهارة القراءة في مادة اللغة العربية بمدرسة النقاية الثانوية مادورا يدل على النتايج المنخفضة وهذا الاختبارصعوبة لقياس ويمييز قدرات الطلاب. ولذلك يحتاج لتحليلل بنود أسئلة الاختبار لمعرفة هل هناك أسئلة جيد أم لا. أما أهداف هذا البحث هي : لقياس صدق الاختبار وثبات الاختبار ودرجة الصعوبة وتمييز الاختبار وفعالية التشتت في بنود أسئلة الاختبار التحصيلي لمهارة القراءة على أساس نظرية مادورا. "Norman Gronlund" بمدرسة النقاية الثانوية الإسلامية
استخدم الباحث المدخل الكمي بالمنهج الوصف، واستخدم الباحث لجمع البينات التوثيق من ورقة الأجوبة الاختبار. هذا البحث في الفصل الثاني عشر سنة ٢٠٢٢ بمدرسة النقاية الثانوية مادورا. وأما عينة هذا البحث الطلاب في الفصل الثاني عشر سنة الذين عدادهم ٤٠ طالبا اختار الباحث بالعشوائية. وأما تحليل البيانات من صدق الاختبار بالرمز korelasi product moment، ومن ثبات الاختبار بالرمز Alpha Cronbach، وتحليل البيانات من درجة الصعوبة بالرمز درجة الصعوبة، ومن تمييز الاختبار بالرمز تمييز الاختبار ومن فعالية التستت بارمز التستت.
كانت نتائج هذا البحث: 1) أسئلة الاختبار التحصيلي يدل على غير الصادقة ٥٤٪ و الأسئلة التي يدل على صادقة ٣٦٪. وعامة هذا يدل على الأسئلة غير الصادقة لأن فيها أكثر الأسئلة غير الصادقة. ٢) ثبات الاختبار يدل على تصنيف ممتاز في درجة ٠،٩٨٥. بناء نتيجة صدق الاختبار وثبات الاختبار لا لها علاقة التي فيها درجة صدق الاختبار المخفضة ولكن ثبات الاختبار العالي. ٣) درجة الصعوبة يدل على التصنيف المتوسطة ٥١٪ والتصنيف الصعوبة ٤٦٪ و التصنيف السهولة ٣٪. وهذا يختلف بمعيار الاختبار الجيد هو ٢٠٪ السهولة و٦٠٪ المتوسطة و٢٠٪ الصعوبة. فلذلك بنود أسئلة الاختبار التحصيلي بمدرسة النقاية الثانوية مادورا تدل على الأسئلة الصعوبة. ٤) تمييز الاختبار يدل على تصنيف المردود ٧٤٪ و تصنيف المقبول ٢٦٪ ولم تجد الأسئلة بتصنيف الجيد وجيد جدا. وهذا يدل على أن الأسئلة لا تستطيع أن تمييز قدرات الطلاب المرتفع و قدرات الطلاب المنخفضة. ٥) التشتت في تلك الأسئلة يدل على تصنيف مقبول ٩١٪ و تصنيف المردود ٩٪ وبناء على درجة الصعوبة وتمييز الاختبار في تلك الأسئلة فاستخلص الباحث أن الطلاب يختارون الاختيارات الأجويبة غير صحيحة والطلاب في إجابة الأسئلة بالتجربة والخطأ دون التفكير في الإجابة الصحيحة.
ABSTRACT
Keywords: analysis of question items, the test of reading skill, Norman E Gronlund's theory.
A good test is very important in the evaluation process. A good test is a test that is able to measure students' abilities and differentiate the abilities of students who have high and low abilities. Based on the results of the summative test for maharoh qiro'ah in Arabic lessons at SMA An-Nuqoyyah, Madura, it shows a low score and this means that the test is too difficult to measure and distinguish students' abilities. Therefore, he needs to analyze the test questions to see whether there are questions that meet the criteria of a good test or not.
This study aims to measure the validity of the test, the reliability of the test, the level of difficulty, the discriminating power of the test, and the effectiveness of the distractor on the items on the summative test of reading skills based on the "Norman E Gronlund" theory at SMA An-Nuqoyyah, Madura.
The researcher uses a quantitative approach in the descriptive method, and the research data are student test answer sheets. This research was conducted in class XII at SMA An-Nuqoyyah, Madura with a sample of 40 students who were randomly selected. The data analysis technique used documentation, while the data analysis used test validity data with the Product Moment Correlation formula, and analysis of test reliability data with the Alpha Cronbach formula, and analysis of data from the level of difficulty with the formula difficulty, and analysis of data on the results of the discrimination test with the formula discrimination test, and data analysis from the effectiveness test with the formula effectiveness test
The results of this study were: 1) the summative test questions showed 54% invalid and 46% valid questions. this shows that the question is generally invalid because most of the questions show it is invalid. 2) Reliability shows a very good rating and is at 0.985 degrees. Based on the results of the validity of the questions and the reliability of the questions, there is no relationship, in which the items in question have low validity but high reliability. 3) the level of difficulty shows an average of 51% and 46% difficulty and 3% ease. This is different from the determination of the percentage of good questions, namely 20% easy questions, 60% moderate questions, and 20% difficult questions. Therefore, the details of the summative test questions at SMA An-Nuqoyyah, Madura show difficult criteria. 4) Differential power of the test shows that it is rejected by 74% and the category is accepted by 26%. But the categories of good and very good questions have not been found. This shows that the question cannot distinguish high student abilities and low student abilities. 5) the detractor test questions can be accepted by 91% and 9% show rejected. Based on the difficulty level and differential power of the questions, it was concluded that students chose the wrong answer and students answered it by trial and error without thinking about the correct answer. Then the question distractor doesn't work so it needs to be replaced and repaired.
ABSTRAK
Kata kunci: Analisis Butir Soal, Tes Keterampilan Membaca, Teori Norman E Gronlund.
Tes yang baik sangat penting dalam proses evaluasi. Tes yang baik adalah tes yang mampu mengukur kemampuan siswa dan membedakan kemampuan siswa yang memiliki kemampuan tinggi dan rendah. Berdasarkan hasil tes sumatif untuk maharoh qiro’ah dalam pelajaran bahasa arab di SMA An-Nuqoyyah, Madura menunjukkan nilai yang rendah dan ini bermakna bahwasanya tes tersebut telalu sulit dalam mengukur dan membedakan kemampuan siswa. Oleh karena itu, ia perlu menganalisis soal-soal tes untuk melihat apakah ada soal-soal yang memenuhi kriteria tes yang baik atau tidak.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur validitas tes, reliabilitas tes, tingkat kesukaran, daya pembeda tes, dan keefektifan Pengecoh pada butir-butir soal tes sumatif keterampilan membaca berdasarkan teori "Norman E Gronlund" di SMA An-Nuqoyyah, Madura.
Peneliti menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dalam metode deskriptif, dan data penelitian adalah lembar jawaban tes siswa. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di kelas XII di SMA An-Nuqoyyah, Madura dengan jumlah sampelnya 40 siswa yang dipilih secara random/acak.Adapun teknik analisis data nya menggunakan dokumentasi, sedangkan analisis datanya menggunakan
Validitas tes dengan rumus Korelasi Product Moment, dan analisis data reliabilitas tes dengan rumus Alpha Cronbach, dan analisis data dari tingkat kesukaran dengan rumus tingkat kesukaran, dan analisis data hasil uji diskriminasi dengan rumus uji diskriminasi dan analisis data dari uji keefektifan dengan rumus uji keefektifan
Hasil penelitian ini adalah: 1) soal tes sumatif menunjukkan tidak valid sebesar 54% dan soal yang valid sebesar 46% . Hal ini menunjukkan soal tersebut secara umum tidak valid karena kebanyakan soal menunjukkan tidak valid. 2) Reliabilitas menunjukkan peringkat sangat baik dan berada pada derajat 0,985. Berdasarkan hasil validitas soal dan teliabelitas soal tidak memiliki hubungan, yang mana butiran soal tesebut memiliki validitas yang rendah tetapi reliabelitasnya tinggi. 3) tingkat kesukaran menunjukkan rata-rata 51% dan kesulitan 46% dan kemudahan 3%. Hal ini berbeda dengan penetapan persentase soal yang baik adalah 20% soal yan mudah, 60% soal yang sedang, dan 20% soal yang sulit. Oleh karena itu butiran soal tes sumatif di SMA An-Nuqoyyah, Madura menunjukkan kriteria yang sulit. 4) Daya Beda tes menunjukkan ditolak sebesar 74% dan kategori diterima sebesar 26%. Namun kategori soal baik dan baik sekali belum ditemukan. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwasanya soal tersebut tidak dapat membedakan kemampuan siswa yang tinggi dan kemampuan siswa yang rendah. 5) pengecoh soal tes soal dapat diterima sebesar 91% dan 9% menunjukkan ditolak. Berdasarkan tingkat kesukaran dan daya beda pada soal tesebut disimpulkan bahwasanya siswa memilih pilihan jawaban yang salah dan siswa menjawab nya dengan coba-coba tanpa memikirkan jawaban yang benar. Maka pengecoh soal tesebut tidak berfungsi sehingga butuh di ganti dan diperbaiki
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
- …
