1,720,997 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Childhood undernutrition in Nigeria
Full text linkOne-third of all undernourished children globally reside in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) including Nigeria. The main aim of this thesis was to examine child undernutrition in Nigeria. Specifically, this thesis examined the following: (i) systematic review of factors associated with undernutrition in SSA. (ii) meta-analysis of prevalence of undernutrition in SSA. (iii) Factors associated with stunting and severe stunting among children under-five years in Nigeria. (iv) Factors associated with wasting and underweight among children under-five years in Nigeria. (v) Socioeconomic inequalities in childhood undernutrition in Nigeria using the decomposition method. This thesis utilized data from the most recent Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) of 31 SSA countries and the 2003, 2008, and 2013 Nigeria DHS. Meta-analysis of prevalence was used to estimate the prevalence of undernutrition indicators within the four sub-regions of SSA. The Odds Ratio was estimated using Generalized Linear Latent and Mixed models (GLLAM) with the logit link and binomial family that adjusted for cluster and survey weights after controlling for potential confounders in order to determine associated factors with undernutrition indicators. The decomposition method was used to examine socioeconomic inequalities trend. Five published papers that addressed the research aims have been integrated to form the core of this thesis. These published papers are presented as individual chapters in this thesis and are described below.
Chapter 1 identifies common associated factors with childhood stunting, wasting and underweight in the four sub-regions of SSA through a systematic review of relevant studies. This study found that the most consistent factors are: low mother’s education, increasing child’s age, sex of child (male), wealth index/low SES (poor household), prolonged duration of BF (>12 months), low birth weight, mother’s age (<20 years), source of drinking water (unimproved), low mother’s BMI (<18.5), birth size (small), diarrhoeal episode, low father’s education and place of residence (rural). Findings from this study suggest the need to further assess undernutrition indicators in Southern and Central Africa regions because these regions reported the lowest number of studies reviewed. Chapter 2 presents meta-analysis of the prevalence of undernutrition indicators (stunting, wasting and underweight) within the four sub-regions of SSA. Statistical procedure was used to combine data from 32 countries DHS (2006-2016). Findings from this study revealed that stunting, wasting and underweight were high in Nigeria compared to most West African countries; this suggests the need to direct child nutrition interventions to the most vulnerable segments of the Nigerian population. Chapter 3 examined factors associated with childhood stunting and severe stunting among children under-5 years in Nigeria. Multivariate analysis revealed that sex of child (male), mother’s perceived birth size (small and average), household wealth index (poor and poorest households), duration of breastfeeding (more than 12 months), geopolitical zone (North East, North West, North Central) and children who were reported to having had diarrhoea in the 2 weeks prior to the survey were associated with childhood stunting and severe stunting. This study suggests that policy interventions to reduce stunting in Nigeria should focus on poverty alleviation as well as improving maternal nutrition, child feeding practices and household sanitation. Chapter 4 reported factors associated with wasting/severe wasting and underweight/severe underweight among children under-5 years. Results show that the most significant factors were: geopolitical zone (North East, North West and North Central), perceived birth size (small and average), sex of child (male), place/mode of delivery (home delivery and non-caesarean) and a contraction of fever in the two weeks prior to the survey. Findings from this study suggest that interventions aimed at improving maternal health and access to health care services for children especially in the northern geopolitical zones of Nigeria are urgently needed. Chapter 5 revealed socioeconomic inequalities in child undernutrition using the decomposition approach. Results indicated that socioeconomic inequalities in stunting, wasting and underweight has increased between 2003 and 2013 especially among children aged 0 – 23 months, uneducated mothers, poor households, young mothers, rural areas and within the Northern geopolitical zones.
In conclusion, findings from these studies suggest the need for a multisectoral nutrition intervention which targets families with low socioeconomic status. This strategy would reduce child undernutrition in Nigeria, thus setting the country on the path to achieving the WHO global nutrition target of improving maternal, infant and young child nutrition by 2025
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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