1,720,967 research outputs found
Validity and reliability of healthy food knowledge and healthy food preferences scale for preschool children
Get PDFIntroductionEarly childhood nutrition plays a critical role in shaping lifelong health outcomes, yet preschool children in low- and middle-income countries often have poor dietary habits and limited knowledge of healthy foods. This study aimed to validate and assess the reliability of the 9-item Healthy Food Knowledge (HFK_PS) and Healthy Food Preference (HFP_PS) scales, ensuring cultural relevance for measuring food knowledge and preferences among Ethiopian preschool children aged 3–7 years.MethodsA cross-sectional design was employed, involving 319 preschoolers from five randomly selected 5 kindergarten schools. Data was collected through an interactive photo-based interview with the children. A panel of ten experts assessed content validity, while construct validity was assessed using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). Reliability was assessed using Cronbach's alpha.ResultsThe EFA identified a two-factor structure for both scales, explaining 50.91% and 50.18% of the variance for HFK_PS and HFP_PS, respectively. CFA confirmed the model fit, with all indices meeting the recommended thresholds. The HFK_PS and HFP_PS scales demonstrated good internal consistency, with Cronbach's alpha values of 0.80 and 0.78, respectively. Older children and those in higher grades had significantly greater food knowledge (p < 0.001), and food preferences also improved with grade level (p < 0.05). However, preferences remained stable across age groups (p = 0.928). However, no significant gender differences were found. A positive correlation (r = 0.43, p < 0.001) was found between healthy food knowledge and preferences, suggesting that increased knowledge is associated with healthier preferences.ConclusionsThe validated scales can be instrumental in evaluating preschoolers' dietary knowledge and preferences in Ethiopia. Future studies should focus on implementing these scales in nutrition education programs to assess their effectiveness in fostering long-term healthy eating habits among young children
Multilevel analysis of trends and predictors of concurrent wasting and stunting among children 6–59 months in Ethiopia from 2000 to 2019
No full textIntroduction: Emerging evidence indicates that children can be concurrently wasted and stunted (WaSt), increasing their mortality risk. However, more is needed to know about WaSt in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the trends and predictors of WaSt using Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey datasets from 2000 and 2019. Methods: The study included a total weighted sample of 34,930 children aged 6–59 months. Descriptive and weighted multilevel mixed-effects (fixed and random effects) logistic regression analyses were carried out. The Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) and the Median Odds Ratio (MOR) were calculated. Results: The prevalence of WaSt was 1,682 (4.82%) with a significantly decreasing trend, yielding a percent change of −57.51% (−69.37% to −23.52%) from 2000 to 2019. In the adjusted model, the odds of WaSt increased in boys, children with a shorter preceding birth interval, small birth size, delayed initiation of complementary foods, diarrhea, fever, and anemia, mother’s lack of formal education, and being a farmer, and poor/middle wealth index, and lack of mass media exposure. WaSt was inversely related to the child’s age. Adjusted ICC and MOR were 31.16% and 3.20%, respectively. Conclusion and recommendations: The study highlights the importance of considering individual and community-level factors to address WaSt, such as timely initiation of complementary foods, improving access to health services, quality diet, and prevention of communicable diseases. Furthermore, programs that have positive impacts on formal education and employment opportunities for girls, as well as that increase access to mass media, are required
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Kangaroo Mother Care by Postnatal Mothers who Gave Birth to Preterm and Low Birth Weight Babies in Public Hospitals, Eastern Ethiopia
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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