1,752,601 research outputs found
Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens from External Ocular Infection at St. Paul Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
No full textBackground:-Ocular infection is a major public health problem in developing countries.
Bacteria and fungi associated with external ocular infection are responsible for increased
incidence of morbidity and blindness worldwide.
Objective:-The aim of this study was to determine the profile of bacterial and fungal pathogens
from external ocular infection at St. Paul Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa,
Ethiopia.
Methodology:-A cross sectional study conducted using convenient sampling technique. A total
of 215 patients recruited from April to August, 2016. Conjunctival and eyelid margin swabs and
corneal scraping were collected. Demographic data were collected using structured
questionnaire. All Specimens were processed for microbiological analysis as per standard
procedures and antibiotic susceptibility test was done using disc diffusion technique. The data
was analyzed by using SPSS version 20 and appropriate statistical tools were used.
Result: - A total of 215 patients were enrolled in this study. Of which 133(61.4 %) were culture
positive. Of this 118(54.9%) and 24(11.2%) were bacterial and fungal pathogens respectively.
There were 9 (6.8%) bacterial and fungal co-infections. Majority were males 109 (50.7%). The
mean age of the study participants was 42.34 (Sd. +20.55) and majority of participants age were
within the age range of 25-44 years 72(33.5%). Majority had conjunctivitis 87(40.5%) followed
by blepharitis 48(22.3%). The predominant bacterial pathogen isolated were gram positives
88(74.6%). Of this S. aureus 32(27.1%) was the commonest isolate and K. pneumoniae 9(7.6%)
was the predominant from gram negative bacterial pathogens. Aspergillus species 14(58.3%)
were the most predominant fungal isolates. Gram positive cocci and gram negative rods were
highly resistant for Penicillin 66/88(75%) and Ampicilin 20/27(81.5%) respectively. 71.2% of
MDR bacteria were isolated. There was statistically significant association between prevalence
of bacterial isolates and age variation (P=0.023) and trauma with fungi prevalence (P=0.002).
Conclusion:-The prevalence of bacterial and fungal pathogens was higher among external ocular
infection. The drug resistance among ocular bacterial infection was also higher
sj-docx-1-ehi-10.1177_11786302221109357 – Supplemental material for A Qualitative Study of Factors Influencing Unsafe Work Behaviors Among Environmental Service Workers: Perspectives of Workers, and Safety Managers: The Case of Government Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-ehi-10.1177_11786302221109357 for A Qualitative Study of Factors Influencing Unsafe Work Behaviors Among Environmental Service Workers: Perspectives of Workers, and Safety Managers: The Case of Government Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia by Aiggan Tamene, Aklilu Habte, Fitsum Endale and Addisalem Gizachew in Environmental Health Insights</p
Who benefits from promoting small and medium scale enterprises ? some empirical evidence from Ethiopia
No full textThe Addis Ababa Integrated Housing Development Program aims to tackle the housing shortage and unemployment that prevail in Addis Ababa by deploying and supporting small and medium scale enterprises to construct low-cost housing using technologies novel for Ethiopia. The motivation for such support is predicated on the view that small firms create more jobs per unit of investment by virtue of being more labor intensive and that the jobs so created are concentrated among the low-skilled and hence the poor. To assess whether the program has succeeded in biasing technology adoption in favor of labor and thereby contributed to poverty reduction, the impact of the program on technology usage, labor intensity, and earnings is investigated using a unique matched workers-firms dataset, the Addis Ababa Construction Enterprise Survey. The data are representative of all registered construction firms in Addis and were collected specifically for the purpose of analyzing the impact of the program. The authors find that program firms do not adopt different technologies and are not more labor intensive than non-program firms. There is an earnings premium for program participants, who tend to be relatively well-educated, which is heterogeneous and highest for those at the bottom of the earnings distribution.Labor Markets,Access to Finance,Economic Theory&Research,Microfinance,Labor Policies
Tombstone of Margaret Ann Addis
No full textAddis, Margaret Ann Daughter of Ephraim and Matilda Addis, died 183
Reliable audiovisual archiving using unreliable storage technology and services
No full textThe drive for online access to archive content within ‘tapeless’ workflows means that mass-storage technology is an inevitable part of modern archive solutions, either in-house or provided as services by third-parties. But are these solutions safe? Can they assure the data integrity needed for long-term preservation of Petabyte volumes of data? The answer is no. Field studies reveal data corruption can take place silently without detection or correction, including in 'enterprise class' systems explicitly designed to prevent data loss. The reality is that data loss is inevitable to some degree or another from hardware failures, software bugs, and human errors. This paper presents ongoing work in the UK AVATAR-m project and in the recently started EC PrestoPrime project on a framework for storing large audiovisual files on heterogeneous and distributed storage infrastructures that allows various strategies for content replication, integrity monitoring and repair to be developed and tested
Audience engagement, its drivers, and its implications for museum cultural mediation
No full textChapter 2 presents the state of the art of studies related to audience engagement in the arts. After providing the definition, Michela Addis identifies the drivers of audience engagement. Among them, the visitor’s ability to fully immerse in the experience is a key driver that cultural organizations must leverage. By providing visitors with useful, enriched, and customized information, museums design labels, apps, and cultural mediation to engage them. Thus, audience engagement emerges as the ultimate goal of museum cultural mediation
EnergycaMENTE
No full textIl binomio arte-energia, fenomeno oggi particolarmente “avanguardistico”, inizia a tracciare il suo percorso rivoluzionario a partire dai primi anni del XX secolo, in cui artisti di diversa nazionalità, interessi e stile realizzano opere inedite che manifestano la portata innovativa del fenomeno energetico. I primi a celebrare in Italia la tecnologia sono i Futuristi che nel Manifesto del 1909 cantano la bellezza dell’automobile superiore rispetto alla Nike di Samotracia, ed esaltano la velocità. Poco dopo l’artista greco contemporaneo Takis (n. 1925) rivela un interesse per l’elettricità e svolge le sue ricerche sull’energia come elemento intangibile; pertanto negli anni successivi espone le sue sculture telemagnetiche, in cui oggetti metallici legati ad un filo restano sospesi tramite dei magneti; o L’uomo volante, un corpo umano sospeso nell’aria grazie alla forza magnetica e i Telelumieres, lampade in cui elettrocalamite modificano l’intensità della luce
Seroepidemiology of hepatitis B virus in Addis Ababa Ethiopia: transmission patterns and vaccine control
No full textA community-based seroepidemiological survey of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia was conducted in 1994 to inform on the transmission dynamics and control of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Venous blood from 4736 individuals under 50 years of age from 1262 households, selected using stratified cluster-sampling, was screened for HBV markers using commercial ELISAs. HBsAg prevalence was 7% (95% CI 6–8), higher in males (9%; 7–10) than females (5%; 4–6). HBeAg prevalence in HBsAg positives was 23% (18–29), and less than 1% of women of childbearing age were HBeAg positive. Overall HBV seroprevalence (any marker), rose steadily with age to over 70% in 40–49 year olds, indicating significant childhood and adult transmission. Estimated instantaneous incidence was 3–4/100 susceptibles/year, higher in males than females in 0–4 year olds, and peaking in early childhood and young adults. The age at which 50% had evidence of infection was around 20 years, and the herd immunity threshold is approximated at 63–77%. Addis Ababa is of intermediate-high HBV endemicity, with negligible perinatal transmission. Our main findings are the identification of a significant difference between males and females in the age-acquisition of HBV infection, and marked differences between age groups in HBV incidence rates. These results should target future research studies of underlying risk factors. Furthermore, we generate a crude estimate of the level of coverage of HBV vaccine that would be required to eliminate the virus from the study population
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