1,720,971 research outputs found
Assessment of the donor specific alloreactive memory B cell reserve affecting the transplantation success
No full textAlloantikorlara ek olarak, alloreaktif hafıza B hücre (mBC) rezervi, transplantasyon süreçleri sırasında immünolojik risk değerlendirmesi için bir potansiyele sahiptir. Şu anda alloreaktif mBC değerlendirmesi için, HLA tetramer boyama kullanılarak doğrudan Akış Sitometrik (FC) analizi bir seçenektir. Poliklonal olarak uyarılmış alloreaktif mBC'ler tarafından üretilen alloantikorların in vitro kültür sisteminde değerlendirilmesi, başka bir yararlı yaklaşım gibi görünmektedir, ancak bunun daha fazla ek uygulaya ihtiyacı vardır. Bu çalışmada, mBC tespiti için in vitro poliklonal olarak aktive edilmiş mBC kültür süpernatanlarının ve potansiyel donörün lenfositlerinin kullanıldığı Akış Sitometrik Çapraz Eşleştirmenin (FCXM-süpernatant) yararlılığını araştırdık. Allosensitize edilmiş 10 böbrek nakli hastasından elde edilen poliklonal olarak aktive edilmiş mBC'lerin kültür süpernatanları ile bunların alloimmünize edilmemiş donörlerinin lenfositleri ve tam tersi olacak şekilde FCXM-süpernatant deneyleri yapıldı. HLA tiplemesi SSP yöntemi ile yapıldı. İn vitro aktifleştirilmiş alloreaktif mBC'ler tarafından üretilen anti-HLA antikorları da Luminex testleri ile değerlendirildi. mBC'lerin in vitro poliklonal aktivasyonunun başarısı, toplam IgG ELISA testi ve FC tarafından antikor salgılayan hücre analizleri ile değerlendirildi. Donöre özgü alloreaktif mBC'ler, allosensitize edilmiş 10 vakanın %45'inde FCXM-süpernatant tarafından tespit edildi. Güçlü allosensitize vakalarda tespit oranı %85 (7'de 6) idi. Allosensitizasyon olmayan kontrol vakalarında hiçbir alloreaktif mBC tespit edilmedi. Allosensitize vakaların FCXM süpernatant negatif sonuçları, süpernatanların toplam IgG antikor testleri ile değerlendirilen düşük düzeyde allosensitizasyon ve yetersiz poliklonal stimülasyon ile ilişkiliydi. Bu çalışmada, doku tipleme laboratuvarlarında gerçekleştirilen rutin bir teste kolayca dönüştürülebilmesi için FCXM-süpernatant testi kullanılarak donöre özel bir şekilde alloreaktif mBC tespiti için pratik bir metodoloji sunuyoruz.In addition to alloantibodies, alloreactive memory B cell (mBC) evaluation has a potential for immunological risk assessment during transplantation processes. For the alloreactive mBCs evaluation currently, direct Flow Cytometric (FC) analysis using the HLA tetramer staining is an option. Evaluation of alloantibodies produced by the polyclonally stimulated alloreactive mBCs in in vitro culture system seems to be another useful approach, but this needs further downstream applications. In this study, we investigated the usefulness of the Flow Cytometric Cross Match (FCXM-supernatant) in which in vitro polyclonally activated mBCs culture supernatants and potential donor's lymphocytes being used for the mBC detection. FCXM-supernatant assays were performed between culture supernatants of polyclonally activated mBCs obtained from allosensitized 10 renal transplant patients, and their non-alloimmunized donors' lymphocytes, and vice versa. HLA typing was performed by SSP method. Anti-HLA antibodies produced by in vitro activated alloreactive mBCs were also evaluated by the Luminex assays. The success of in vitro polyclonal activation of mBCs was evaluated by a total IgG ELISA test and antibody secreting cell analyses by FC. Donor specific alloreactive mBCs were detected by FCXM supernatant in 45% of the 10 allosensitized cases. Detection rate was 85% (6 out of 7) in the strongly allosensitized cases. No alloreactive mBCs was detected in control cases without allosensitization. FCXMsupernatant negative results of the allosensitized cases were related to low level of allosensitization and insufficient polyclonal stimulation evaluated by total IgG antibody tests of the supernatants. We herein report a practical methodology for alloreactive mBC detection as a donor specific manner using the FCXM-supernatantassay so that this would easily be transformed into a routine test performed in tissue typing laboratories
Determination of elk-1 and possible targets of this transcription factor in leukemia cell lines
No full textAkut lösemi klinik ve biyolojik heterojenite gösteren malign ve klonal bir hematopoetik kök kücre hastalığıdır. Ülkemizde her yıl binlerce insanda görülen löseminin hücresel kökeninin ve hücrelerin malignant değişimini tetikleyen genetik mekanizmaların anlaşılması için özellikle moleküler genetik çalışmalara ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Transkripsiyon faktörü olarak fonksiyon gören ELK-1 proteininin miyojenik farklılaşmadaki rolü iyi bilinmektedir. Ancak yaptığımız literatür taramasında ELK-1 aşırı ekspresyonu ile hematolojik malignansiler arasında ilişki bildiren bir yayına rastlanmamıştır. Yaptığımız çalışmada HL-60, Jurkat, Daudi ve K-562 lösemi hücre hatlarında ELK-1’in gen ekspresyonundaki değişimlerin belirlenmesi planlanmıştır. Ayrıca ELK-1’in lökomogenezdeki rolünün aydınlatılabilmesi için beraber fonksiyon gördüğü düşünülen diğer genlerin (BCL10, CEBPB, MCL1, ZC3H12A, SRF) ekspresyon düzeyleri de araştırılmıştır. Proje kapsamında Elk1 geni ve kodladığı transkripsiyon faktörünün hedefinde olan beş gen bölgesinin ekspresyon düzeyleri gerçek zamanlı polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu yöntemiyle karşılaştırılmıştır. Daudi hücre hattında ELK-1 ve SRF gen ifadesinin arttığı, Jurkat hücre hattında ise sadece ELK-1 gen ifadesinin arttığı belirlenmiştir. Diğer hücre hatlarında ELK-1 veya hedefi olabilecek genlerin ifadesinde değişim belirlenmemiştir.Acute leukemia is a malignant, clonal, hematopoietic stem cell disorder; comprising numerous clinical and biologic heterogeneities. Every year thousands of people are suffering from acute leukemia’s in our country. To understand the cellular origins and several distinct genetic mechanisms that lead to malignant transformation of hematopoietic stem cells, especially research using molecular techniques have became important. Role in myogenic differentiation of ELK-1 protein is well studied but up to our knowledge no research indicated correlation between ELK-1 over expression and hematologic malignancies. With this project in HL-60, Jurkat, Daudi and K-562 cell lines we aimed to investigate expression of ELK-1 gene. In addition effects of ELK-1 over expression on ELK-1 candidate target genes BCL10, CEBPB, MCL1, ZC3H12A and SRF were investigated. Expression levels of ELK1 and target genes were determined using real-time PCR analysis. Daudi cell line over Express ELK-1 and SRF and Jurkat cell line over expresses only ELK-1.No change in transcription of ELK-1 or targets were determined in other cell lines
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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