1,777 research outputs found
Biomaterials for bone regeneration possessing novel antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties: comprehensive biological evaluations
Get PDFBone fractures, a common global injury due to trauma, particularly for those with osteoporosis, cause a significant economic burden. Often caused by falls, accidents, or sports, they are frequently treated by healthcare professionals. While the body can heal minor fractures naturally, severe injuries like spinal cord or bone damage might require regenerative surgery. However, this healing ability weakens with age and factors like inflammation from damaged tissue. Implants, widely used in surgeries for bones, muscles, and blood vessels, are designed to interact with the body, aiding tissue repair and providing structural support. In orthopaedics, implants are common for fixing fractures, correcting spinal deformities, and replacing hips and knees. The rising elderly population leads to more implant surgeries. A major concern is implant failure due to infection and inflammation triggered by fibroblast activation. This inflammation makes fighting infections difficult. Bacteria readily adhere to implants, forming biofilms resistant to antibiotics. Staphylococcus aureus and epidermidis are the main culprits in such infections on implants. Biofilm formation leads to peri-implant infections and tissue death, resulting in bone loss and implant loosening even without direct infection. New methods like antibacterial coatings are being explored to combat these infections typically caused by S. aureus. The field of orthopaedics is constantly evolving with novel materials and manufacturing techniques for implants. My PhD research focused on developing multifunctional bone implants that improve tissue integration, reduce bacterial infections, and promote blood vessel growth. We primarily investigated biomaterials such as Bioglass and titanium implants, both individually and combined. Additionally, we explored incorporating antimicrobial peptoids, phage-derived endolysins, and natural extracts like polyphenols, tellurium, and cerium
Teacher formative assessment: the missing link in response to intervention
No full textResponse to Intervention (RtI) focuses on the assessment, intervention, and progress monitoring of student academic performance and social behavior. Despite requiring highly-qualified personnel for successful implementation, the implementation of Rtl has not focused on applying its foundational principles towards promoting teacher effectiveness through assessment, intervention, and progress monitoring of teacher classroom practice. Compounding this problem is the lack of availability of reliable and valid teacher assessments to apply in an Rtl model for teacher professional development. This chapter provides a rationale for applying RtI principles to teacher professional development and how teacher formative assessment can improve educator effectiveness, student learning, and social behaviors. The Classroom Strategies Scale (CSS, Reddy & Dudek, 2014), a new multidimensional assessment of instructional and behavioral management practices is discussed as an example of one promising tool for promoting teachers professional development within an Rtl model. We offer a synthesis of the theory, research, and evidence of reliability and validity of the CSS. The application of teacher formative assessment in job-embedded professional development/coaching models for schools is discussed. Finally, implications for practice and research are outlined.Peer reviewe
Supplemental Material, sj-pdf-1-jcn-10.1177_08830738211026052 - Neuroradiological Mimics of Periventricular Leukomalacia
No full textSupplemental Material, sj-pdf-1-jcn-10.1177_08830738211026052 for Neuroradiological Mimics of Periventricular Leukomalacia by Nihaal Reddy, Mary Doyle, Prasad Hanagandi, Ajay Taranath, Hisham Dahmoush, Pradeep Krishnan, Ozgur Oztekin, Eugen Boltshauser, Manohar Shroff and Kshitij Mankad in Journal of Child Neurology</p
Copper-doped bioactive glass as filler for PMMA-based bone cements: Morphological, mechanical, reactivity, and preliminary antibacterial characterization
Get PDFTo promote osteointegration and simultaneously limit bacterial contamination without using antibiotics, we designed innovative composite cements containing copper (Cu)-doped bioactive glass powders. Cu-doped glass powders were produced by a melt and quenching process, followed by an ion-exchange process in a Cu salt aqueous solution. Cu-doped glass was incorporated into commercial polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)-based cements with different viscosities. The realized composites were characterized in terms of morphology, composition, leaching ability, bioactivity, mechanical, and antibacterial properties. Glass powders appeared well distributed and exposed on the PMMA surface. Composite cements showed good bioactivity, evidencing hydroxyapatite precipitation on the sample surfaces after seven days of immersion in simulated body fluid. The leaching test demonstrated that composite cements released a significant amount of copper, with a noticeable antibacterial effect toward Staphylococcus epidermidis strain. Thus, the proposed materials represent an innovative and multifunctional tool for orthopedic prostheses fixation, temporary prostheses, and spinal surgery
Bifunctional mesoporous glasses for bone tissue engineering: Biological effects of doping with cerium and polyphenols in 2D and 3D in vitro models
Get PDFThis study evaluates the cytocompatibility of cerium-doped mesoporous bioactive glasses (Ce-MBGs) loaded with polyphenols (Ce-MBGs-Poly) for possible application in bone tissue engineering after tumour resection. We tested MBGs powders and pellets on 2D and 3D in vitro models using human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), osteosarcoma cells (U2OS), and endothelial cells (EA.hy926). Promisingly, at a low concentration in culture medium, Poly-loaded MBGs powders containing 1.2 mol% of cerium inhibited U2OS metabolic activity, preserved hMSCs viability, and had no adverse effects on EA.hy926 migration. Moreover, the study discussed the possible interaction between cerium and Poly, influencing anti-cancer effects. In summary, this research provides insights into the complex interactions between Ce-MBGs, Poly, and various cell types in distinct 2D and 3D in vitro models, highlighting the potential of loaded Ce-MBGs for post-resection bone tissue engineering with a balance between pro-regenerative and anti-tumorigenic activities.This study evaluates the cytocompatibility of cerium-doped mesoporous bioactive glasses (Ce-MBGs) loaded with polyphenols (Ce-MBGs-Poly) for possible application in bone tissue engineering after tumour resection. We tested MBGs powders and pellets on 2D and 3D in vitro models using human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), osteosarcoma cells (U2OS), and endothelial cells (EA.hy926). Promisingly, at a low concentration in culture medium, Poly-loaded MBGs powders containing 1.2 mol% of cerium inhibited U2OS metabolic activity, preserved hMSCs viability, and had no adverse effects on EA.hy926 migration. Moreover, the study discussed the possible interaction between cerium and Poly, influencing anti-cancer effects. In summary, this research provides insights into the complex interactions between Ce-MBGs, Poly, and various cell types in distinct 2D and 3D in vitro models, highlighting the potential of loaded Ce-MBGs for post-resection bone tissue engineering with a balance between pro-regenerative and anti-tumorigenic activities
OTC Derivatives Market in India: Recent Regulatory Initiatives and Open Issues for Market Stability and Development
Get PDFThe OTC derivatives markets all over the world have shown tremendous growth inrecent years. In the wake of the present financial crisis, which is believed to have beenexacerbated by OTC derivatives, increasing attention is being paid to analysing theregulatory environment of these markets. In this context, we analyse the regulatoryframework of the OTC derivatives market in India. The paper, inter alia, seeks toprove the point that the Indian OTC derivatives markets, unlike many otherjurisdictions, are well regulated. Only contracts where one party to the contract is anRBI regulated entity are considered legally valid in India. A good reporting systemand a post-trade clearing and settlement system, through a centralised counter party,has ensured good surveillance of the systemic risks in the Indian OTC market.From amongst the various OTC derivatives markets permitted in India, interest rateswaps and foreign currency forwards are the two prominent markets. However, byinternational standards, the total size of the Indian OTC derivatives markets stillremains small because credit default swaps were conspicuously absent in India untilnow. It appears that Indian OTC derivatives markets will grow fast once again afterthe present financial crisis is over. This research paper explores those open issues thatare important to ensure market stability and development. On the issue of the muchdiscussed competition between exchange-traded and OTC-traded derivatives, webelieve that the two markets serve different purposes and would contribute more torisk management and market efficiency, if viewed as complementary. Regarding theintroduction of new derivative products for credit risk transfer, the recentannouncement by the RBI that it would introduce credit default swaps is a welcomesign. We believe that routing of credit default swaps through a reporting platform andmanaging its post-trade activities through a centralised counterparty would providebetter surveillance of the market. Strengthening the position of the ClearingCorporation of India Ltd. (CCIL) as the only centralised counterparty for Indian OTCderivatives market and better supervision of the off-balance sheet business offinancial institutions are two measures that have been proposed to ensure the stabilityof the market.Derivatives and Over the Counter Market, Financial Institutions and Services and Government Policy and Financial Regulation
An introduction to continuum mechanics / J.N. Reddy.
No full textengineering bookfair2015Includes bibliographical references and index.xxvi, 450 pages :"This best-selling textbook presents the concepts of continuum mechanics in a simple yet rigorous manner. The book introduces the invariant form as well as the component form of the basic equations and their applications to problems in elasticity, fluid mechanics, and heat transfer, and offers a brief introduction to linear viscoelasticity. The book is ideal for advanced undergraduates and beginning graduate students looking to gain a strong background in the basic principles common to all major engineering fields, and for those who will pursue further work in fluid dynamics, elasticity, plates and shells, viscoelasticity, plasticity, and interdisciplinary areas such as geomechanics, biomechanics, mechanobiology, and nanoscience. The book features derivations of the basic equations of mechanics in invariant (vector and tensor) form and specification of the governing equations to various coordinate systems, and numerous illustrative examples, chapter summaries, and exercise problems. This second edition includes additional explanations, examples, and problems"-
Advancing instructional coaching with teacher formative assessment and input
No full textWith increased attention to teacher quality and accountability, instructional coaching has emerged as a popular form of teacher support and professional development in literacy and other areas of instruction. Despite significant interest from school personnel, researchers, and federal funders, there remains a lack of consensus around the key components and activities of instructional coaching. To that end, studies that use quantitative and qualitative methods can offer valuable information on the development and validation of coaching practices. This chapter briefly describes the Classroom Strategies Assessment System Coaching Model that draws on the adult learning and formative assessment literature. We offer key observations of educators' knowledge of and experience in instructional coaching from focus groups conducted with teachers in high-poverty, urban elementary schools. Directions for practice and research are discussed.Peer reviewe
Service-oriented models for audiovisual content storage
No full textWhat are the important topics to understand if involved with storage services to hold digital audiovisual content? This report takes a look at how content is created and moves into and out of storage; the storage service value networks and architectures found now and expected in the future; what sort of data transfer is expected to and from an audiovisual archive; what transfer protocols to use; and a summary of security and interface issues
Synthesis, Structural Elucidation and Bioassay of Morpholine/Thiomorpholine and Piperidine Containing Oxazoles
Get PDFThe series of novel oxazole derivatives (3-4) have been synthesized. All the entitles compounds were characterized by IR, 1H, 13C NMR, mass spectra. All the lead compounds were tested for antimicrobial activity. The compound 4f having chloro substituent on the aromatic ring displays greater antimicrobial activity particularly against P. aeruginosa and P. crysogenum. © 2020 Author(s).The authors G. Sravya and N. Bakkthavatchala Reddy are thankful to Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russia for giving postdoctoral fellowship
- …
