1,720,969 research outputs found
T. Ras Makonnen: Pan-Africanism in practice
Get PDFThis thesis will provide a biographical account of T. Ras Makonnen. It will focus
specifically on his life as a Pan-African activist. In three parts, we will explore the
development, implementation and shortcomings of Makonnen’s Pan-African vision.
This will be achieved by analysing Makonnen’s formative years in Guyana, North
America and Europe. We will then explore Makonnen’s successes in Manchester. And
finally, we will assess Makonnen’s limitations in Ghana, where he sought to
implement Pan-Africanism on a national and international scale
Black Germany, 1884-1945
Get PDFBased on ground-breaking research, the exhibition Black Germany employs a number of biographies, accompanied by photographic images, in order to look at the largely forgotten development of a Black Diaspora in Germany from the 1880s up to 1945. In doing so, it provides insights into the routes and reasons that brought African men and women from the colonies to Germany pre-1914; it looks at forms of employment and the politics of Black residents during the interwar period; and it touches on the fate of Black residents and their German-born children during the period of National Socialism
An encultured imperialism: British travel writing from the post-Napoleonic Atlantic periphery
Get PDFThis thesis examines two selections of published travel writings produced between 1816 and 1831, analysing the encultured attitudes, beliefs, prejudices, and agendas of eight aspiring careerist white British men as they travelled and served in regions on the Atlantic peripheries of British influence. The theatres in question were the Gold Coast in West Africa and the neighbouring Asante Empire, all encountered under the aegis of official or quasi-official British authority, and the region of New Spain encompassing Venezuela and Columbia in South America, all conducted privately as mercenaries on the part of the revolutionary Patriot cause against Imperial Spain. Whether serving in the uniforms of British state institutions or the Venezuelan Republic, these individuals produced accounts of their experiences that more effectively reflected their encultured British National-Imperial worldview than any objective description of the transitional cultures they encountered.
I begin the thesis by exploring the cultural context of their travels and publications, the relationship of these to the wider issues of an emerging British Imperial worldview, and a conceptual definition of encultured imperialism as a form of pre-eminent performative engagement with the wider world. Chapter 1 expands on the backgrounds and motivations of the authors in pursuing their service or adventures, within the context of British domestic understandings of the two theatres they visited. Chapter 2 discusses their use of trends and conventions of engagement with landscape and environment, including their efforts to familiarise the exotic as a step towards imagining its subordination to British knowledge. Chapter 3 considers the authors’ evaluations of human geographies, with the further imperative of subordinating other infrastructural and geographical cultures to a projection of British ‘improvement’. In Chapter 4, the focus turns fully on people and these authors’ uses of established and developing hierarchies of difference including tropes of savagery and civilisation, and emergent concepts of scientific racism. Chapter 5 incorporates the influence of encultured conceptions of gender on human difference to complete the analysis of the exclusionary practices of the authors’ self-confident National-Imperial worldview
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Perceptions of daily life in diaries from the Warsaw and Łódź ghettos
Get PDFThis thesis explores the intersection of daily life, diaries, and the Holocaust in Nazi-occupied Poland by analysing diaries and accounts written by Jewish individuals in the Warsaw and Łódź ghettos. These authors wrote their accounts outside of any archival group (such as Oneg Shabbat), allowing the study to glean individual perspectives, created without organisational direction. It combines lengthy and reflective diaries with fragments of diaries to provide an in-depth overview of how Jewish individuals perceived their own situation during the Holocaust. The diaries offer a unique insight into how societies respond not only under the mass death of genocide, but how they attempt to live under this threat. The thesis analyses common themes in the diaries, such as food and family networks and combines them with conceptual issues such as time and place which were also disrupted and threatened by the Nazis. It also analyses the responses of the diarists to their oppressors. The diarists’ responses to these facets of life informed their view of their situation and, significantly, how likely they perceived their own survival. It shows how every aspect of life was altered as much as possible in order to survive until forces beyond their control (predominantly disease, deportation, or death) destroyed this.
Overall, the thesis provides nuance in our understanding of daily life inside the two largest and longest lasting ghettos and expands our knowledge of ordinary people who were subject to all manner of injustice, violence, and suffering. It does not laud them as heroes for existing in ghettos but concludes that the attempt to live in such conditions is a quotidian form of heroism.
Furthermore, it suggests that there is potential for employing this diarist-led approach to other ghettos in order to expand our understanding of other ghettos in Nazi-occupied Europe. Shorter, fragmentary texts can be unified with longer texts through the notion of daily life in order to draw conclusions on similarities and differences within different settings of Nazi violence and persecution
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