20,137 research outputs found
Writing from the shadowlands: how cross-cultural literature negotiates the legacy of Edward Said
No full textThis thesis examines the impact of Edward Said's influential work Orientalism and its legacy in respect of contemporary reading and writing across cultures. It also questions the legitimacy of Said's retrospective stereotyping of early examples of cross-cultural representation in literature as uncompromisingly 'orientalist'.
It is well known that the release of Edward Said's Orientalism in 1978 was responsible for the rise of a range of cultural and critical theories from multiculturalism to postcolonialism. It was a study that not only polarized critics and forced scholars to re-examine orientalist archives, but persuaded creative writers to re-think their ethnographic positions when it came to the literary representations of cultures other than their own. Without detracting from the enormous impact of Said, this thesis isolates gaps and silences in Said that need correcting. Furthermore, there is an element of intransigence, an uncompromising refusal to fine-tune what is essentially a binary discourse of the West and its other in Said's work, that encourages the continued interrogation of power relations but which, because of its very boldness, paradoxically disallows the extent to which the conflict of cultures indeed produced new, hybrid social and cultural formations.
In an attempt to challenge the severity of Said's claim that 'every European, in what he could say about the Orient, was consequently a racist, an imperialist, and almost totally ethnocentric', the thesis examines a number of different discursive contexts in which such a presumption is challenged. Thus while the second chapter discusses the 'traditional' profession-based orientalism of nineteenth-century E. G. Browne, the third considers the anti-imperialism of colonial administrator Leonard Woolf. The fourth chapter provides a reflection on the difficulties of diasporic 'orientalism' through the works of Michael Ondaatje while chapter five demonstrates the effects of the dialogism used by Amitav Ghosh as a defence against 'orientalism'. The thesis concludes with an examination of contemporary writing by Andrea Levy that appositely illustrates the legacy of Said's influence.
While the restrictive parameters of Said's work make it difficult to mount a thorough-going critique of Said, this thesis shows that, indeed, it is within the restraints of these parameters and in the very discourse that Said employs that he traps himself. This study claims that even Said is susceptible to 'orientalist' criticism in that he is as much an 'orientalist' as those at whom he directs his polemic
What said the economic theory about Portugal. Another approach
No full textWith this work we try to analyse the agglomeration process in the Portuguese regions, using the New Economic Geography models. This work aims to test, also, the Verdoorn Law, with the alternative specifications of (1)Kaldor (1966), for the 28 NUTS III Portuguese in the period 1995 to 1999. It is intended to test the alternative interpretation of (2)Rowthorn (1975). With this study we want, also, to test the Verdoorn´s Law at a regional and a sectoral levels (NUTs II) for the period 1995-1999. The importance of some additional variables in the original specification of Verdoorn´s Law is yet tested, such as, trade flows, capital accumulation and labour concentration. This study analyses, also, through cross-section estimation methods, the influence of spatial effects in productivity in the NUTs III economic sectors of mainland Portugal from 1995 to 1999, considering the Verdoorn relationship. The aim of this paper is, yet, to present a contribution, with panel data, to the analysis of absolute convergence and conditional of the sectoral productivity at regional level (from 1995 to 1999). The structural variables used in the analysis of conditional convergence is the ratio of capital/output, the flow of goods/output and location ratio.new economic geography; Verdoorn law; convergence; cross-section and panel data; Portuguese regions
Le rôle du partage de connaissances dans la performance de la coopération inter-organisationnelle des Organisations de l’Economie Sociale et Solidaire : Cas des groupements de la région Souss Massa
No full textInter-organizational cooperation is a topical phenomenon that arouses the interest of organizations seeking to achieve performance. However, knowledge sharing is a very significant variable in the success of inter-organizational cooperation, especially when it comes to Social and Solidarity Economy Organizations (SSEOs). In Morocco, we are witnessing the creation of several forms of inter-organizational cooperation of SSEOs, through groups, unions, networks and federations. The objective of this article is to show how knowledge sharing promotes the inter-organizational cooperation of these organizations? And to what extent does this cooperation influence their performance? We show that the main purpose of this inter-organizational cooperation is to share knowledge capable of enhancing their complementarity, while maintaining their autonomy and social values. Thus, we propose a conceptual model of the positive influence of knowledge sharing and its contribution to the success of inter-organizational cooperation of SSEOs. In order to build this model, we mobilize the theory of resources through its Resource Based View (RBV) branch, which focuses on resources, experiences and the sharing of routines and good practices between cooperators. The empirical verification will be done by studying 132 inter-organizational cooperation groups of SSEOs in the Souss Massa region, based on an exhaustive quantitative approach. The empirical results show that the inter-organizational cooperation of SSEOs is built on relationships based on trust and written commitment while confirming the favorable role of knowledge sharing in the success of this cooperation.
JEL classification: D7
Paper Type: Empircal ResearchLa coopération inter-organisationnelle est un phénomène d’actualité qui suscite l’intérêt des organisations qui cherchent l’atteinte de la performance. Nonobstant que, le partage de connaissance est une variable très significative dans la réussite de la coopération inter-organisationnelle, surtout lorsqu’il s’agit des Organisations de l’Economie Sociale et Solidaire (OESS). Au Maroc, on assiste à la création de plusieurs formes de coopération inter-organisationnelle des OESS, à travers des groupements, des unions, des réseaux et des fédérations. L’objectif de cet article est de montrer comment le partage de connaissance favorise la coopération inter-organisationnelle de ces organisations ? Et dans quelle mesure cette coopération influence-t-elle leur performance ? Nous montrons que la finalité principale de cette coopération inter-organisationnelle est de partager des connaissances capables de valoriser leur complémentarité, tout en maintenant leur autonomie et leurs valeurs sociales. Ainsi, nous proposons un modèle conceptuel de l’influence positive du partage de connaissance et sa contribution à la réussite de la coopération inter-organisationnelle des OESS. Nous mobilisons afin de construire ce modèle la théorie de ressources à travers sa branche Resource Based View (RBV) qui se focalise sur les ressources, les expériences et le partage des routines et des bonnes pratiques entre coopérants. La vérification empirique se fera par l’étude de 132 groupements de coopération inter-organisationnelle des OESS dans la région Souss Massa, en se basant sur une approche quantitative exhaustive. Les résultats empiriques montrent que la coopération inter-organisationnelle des OESS est construite de relations basées sur la confiance et l’engagement écrit tout en confirmant le rôle favorable du partage de connaissances dans la réussite de cette coopération.
Classification JEL : D7
Type de l’article : Recherche appliqué
Construction de la Coopération Inter-Organisationnelle Des Organisations de l’Economie Sociale et Solidaire
No full textThe practice of inter-organizational coopération is widely appreciated by companies seeking to improve their competitiveness and the acquisition of important competitive advantages. For Social and Solidarity Economy Organizations, the main objective of cooperation is to enhance their complementarity, while maintaining their autonomy and social values. Yet cooperation within this sector is based on common social interest and trust rather than formal agreement. Through this paper, we propose a conceptual model of the cooperation of the Social and Solidarity Economy Organizations, allowing to expose the nature of the relations and their influence on the economic and social development of the cooperating members. Three theories are mobilized to build this model: the theory of transaction costs, the theory of trust and game theory
Social Utility as a determinant of the performance of social and solidarity economy organizations: Case of the Tarek Ben Ziad association
No full textresult of a convergence of the practices of these organizations in their daily activities. Historically, SSE players have always been looking for performance, whether through the development of their statutes or through the meaning they gave to their social purpose and social utility. It is not adequate to measure the performance of these actors by traditional criteria alone. However, with the criteria of social utility, these actors can assert and justify their performance to all stakeholders, including donors,
Associations constitute the major component of the SSE. Currently, they are increasingly questioned about their legitimacy to respond, in a specific and relevant way, to collective needs and / or to missions of general interest. This is why they must adopt a process of evaluation of their social utility (SU) allowing the demonstration of their performance.
In an approach to contextualize the criteria of social utility proposed by Jean Gadrey (2004), we are carrying out an empirical study via a qualitative approach carried out according to a case study of one of the most important associations in the Souss Massa region to show how does the social utility contribute to performance measurement? The objective is to measure and analyze the performance of the Tarek Ibn Ziad association located in Chtouka Ait Baha Province. The results of our study confirm the close relationship between performance and the social usefulness of the association in that the criteria of the SU significantly contribute to the measurement of performance.result of a convergence of the practices of these organizations in their daily activities. Historically, SSE players have always been looking for performance, whether through the development of their statutes or through the meaning they gave to their social purpose and social utility. It is not adequate to measure the performance of these actors by traditional criteria alone. However, with the criteria of social utility, these actors can assert and justify their performance to all stakeholders, including donors,
Associations constitute the major component of the SSE. Currently, they are increasingly questioned about their legitimacy to respond, in a specific and relevant way, to collective needs and / or to missions of general interest. This is why they must adopt a process of evaluation of their social utility (SU) allowing the demonstration of their performance.
In an approach to contextualize the criteria of social utility proposed by Jean Gadrey (2004), we are carrying out an empirical study via a qualitative approach carried out according to a case study of one of the most important associations in the Souss Massa region to show how does the social utility contribute to performance measurement? The objective is to measure and analyze the performance of the Tarek Ibn Ziad association located in Chtouka Ait Baha Province. The results of our study confirm the close relationship between performance and the social usefulness of the association in that the criteria of the SU significantly contribute to the measurement of performance
La pratique de la coopération : une véritable dynamique de développement économique et social des entreprises de l’Economie Sociale et Solidaire : Cas de l’UCFA
No full textLa pratique de la coopération est une option stratégique très recommandée pour les entreprises de l’économie sociale et solidaire (ESS) en vue de rendre plus efficace l’action sociale. C’est dans ce sens que nous assistons, aujourd’hui, au développement de multiples formes de coopération à travers la création des groupements, des unions, des réseaux et des fédérations. L’objectif de cet article est d’analyser la contribution des stratégies de coopération au dynamique de développement économique et social des entreprises de l’ESS. Nous procédons pour notre analyse selon l’approche fonctionnaliste comme elle a été adoptée par Galaskiewicz (1985) et Schermerhorn (1975).La vérification empirique se fera à travers l’étude des relations inter-organisationnelles de l’UCFA (Union des Coopératives des Femmes d’Argane), en se basant sur une approche qualitative menée via des entretiens semi-directifs réalisés auprès de la présidente de l’UCFA et les dirigeantes des coopératives membres de l’union
La contribution de l’Initiative Nationale pour le Développement Humain à la performance des coopératives : cas d’une coopérative féminine au Maroc
No full textL’objectif de cet article est d’évaluer la performance globale d’une coopérative en s’inspirantdu modèle de Morin, Savoie et Beaudin (1994) à partir des critères de pérennité, efficienceéconomique, valeur des ressources humaines et légitimité. La vérification empirique a eu lieuà travers l’étude de la performance d’une coopérative agricole féminine suite au soutienfinancier de l’Initiative Nationale pour le Développement Humain (INDH). Il s’agit d’uneétude de cas basée sur une analyse documentaire permettant de relever des donnéesquantitatives à partir des états de synthèses afin de déduire les indicateurs objectifs de laperformance. En outre, une étude qualitative a eu lieu via des entretiens semi-directifs réalisésauprès de 40 adhérentes de la coopérative afin de déterminer les indicateurs subjectifs de laperformance. La principale conclusion est que la contribution de l’INDH à la performance descoopératives est très importante.
 
Resource Sustainability, Cooperation Risk Management Capacity and NPO Social Entrepreneurship Activity: A Conceptual Model
No full textGaining knowledge about social entrepreneurship is important for nonprofit organizations to support their development process. Despite the different studies that treat social entrepreneurship, the role of the Cooperation Risk Management capacity in implementing a social entrepreneurial activity remains an unexplored research field. Scholars have paid particular attention to the capabilities that enable nonprofits to innovate and create social entrepreneurial activities. This paper aims to bridge resources' sustainability and social entrepreneurial activity. For so, social resource-based view theory is mobilized to present a conceptual model that highlights the indirect effect of nonprofit organization's resources sustainability through the mediation of cooperation risk management capacity. This paper sums up with potential implications for future empirical studies
Social Utility as a determinant of the performance of social and solidarity economy organizations: Case of the Tarek Ben Ziad association
No full textresult of a convergence of the practices of these organizations in their daily activities. Historically, SSE players have always been looking for performance, whether through the development of their statutes or through the meaning they gave to their social purpose and social utility. It is not adequate to measure the performance of these actors by traditional criteria alone. However, with the criteria of social utility, these actors can assert and justify their performance to all stakeholders, including donors,
Associations constitute the major component of the SSE. Currently, they are increasingly questioned about their legitimacy to respond, in a specific and relevant way, to collective needs and / or to missions of general interest. This is why they must adopt a process of evaluation of their social utility (SU) allowing the demonstration of their performance.
In an approach to contextualize the criteria of social utility proposed by Jean Gadrey (2004), we are carrying out an empirical study via a qualitative approach carried out according to a case study of one of the most important associations in the Souss Massa region to show how does the social utility contribute to performance measurement? The objective is to measure and analyze the performance of the Tarek Ibn Ziad association located in Chtouka Ait Baha Province. The results of our study confirm the close relationship between performance and the social usefulness of the association in that the criteria of the SU significantly contribute to the measurement of performance.result of a convergence of the practices of these organizations in their daily activities. Historically, SSE players have always been looking for performance, whether through the development of their statutes or through the meaning they gave to their social purpose and social utility. It is not adequate to measure the performance of these actors by traditional criteria alone. However, with the criteria of social utility, these actors can assert and justify their performance to all stakeholders, including donors,
Associations constitute the major component of the SSE. Currently, they are increasingly questioned about their legitimacy to respond, in a specific and relevant way, to collective needs and / or to missions of general interest. This is why they must adopt a process of evaluation of their social utility (SU) allowing the demonstration of their performance.
In an approach to contextualize the criteria of social utility proposed by Jean Gadrey (2004), we are carrying out an empirical study via a qualitative approach carried out according to a case study of one of the most important associations in the Souss Massa region to show how does the social utility contribute to performance measurement? The objective is to measure and analyze the performance of the Tarek Ibn Ziad association located in Chtouka Ait Baha Province. The results of our study confirm the close relationship between performance and the social usefulness of the association in that the criteria of the SU significantly contribute to the measurement of performance
Le rôle du partage de connaissances dans la performance de la coopération inter-organisationnelle des Organisations de l’Economie Sociale et Solidaire : Cas des groupements de la région Souss Massa
No full textInter-organizational cooperation is a topical phenomenon that arouses the interest of organizations seeking to achieve performance. However, knowledge sharing is a very significant variable in the success of inter-organizational cooperation, especially when it comes to Social and Solidarity Economy Organizations (SSEOs). In Morocco, we are witnessing the creation of several forms of inter-organizational cooperation of SSEOs, through groups, unions, networks and federations. The objective of this article is to show how knowledge sharing promotes the inter-organizational cooperation of these organizations? And to what extent does this cooperation influence their performance? We show that the main purpose of this inter-organizational cooperation is to share knowledge capable of enhancing their complementarity, while maintaining their autonomy and social values. Thus, we propose a conceptual model of the positive influence of knowledge sharing and its contribution to the success of inter-organizational cooperation of SSEOs. In order to build this model, we mobilize the theory of resources through its Resource Based View (RBV) branch, which focuses on resources, experiences and the sharing of routines and good practices between cooperators. The empirical verification will be done by studying 132 inter-organizational cooperation groups of SSEOs in the Souss Massa region, based on an exhaustive quantitative approach. The empirical results show that the inter-organizational cooperation of SSEOs is built on relationships based on trust and written commitment while confirming the favorable role of knowledge sharing in the success of this cooperation.
JEL classification: D7
Paper Type: Empircal ResearchLa coopération inter-organisationnelle est un phénomène d’actualité qui suscite l’intérêt des organisations qui cherchent l’atteinte de la performance. Nonobstant que, le partage de connaissance est une variable très significative dans la réussite de la coopération inter-organisationnelle, surtout lorsqu’il s’agit des Organisations de l’Economie Sociale et Solidaire (OESS). Au Maroc, on assiste à la création de plusieurs formes de coopération inter-organisationnelle des OESS, à travers des groupements, des unions, des réseaux et des fédérations. L’objectif de cet article est de montrer comment le partage de connaissance favorise la coopération inter-organisationnelle de ces organisations ? Et dans quelle mesure cette coopération influence-t-elle leur performance ? Nous montrons que la finalité principale de cette coopération inter-organisationnelle est de partager des connaissances capables de valoriser leur complémentarité, tout en maintenant leur autonomie et leurs valeurs sociales. Ainsi, nous proposons un modèle conceptuel de l’influence positive du partage de connaissance et sa contribution à la réussite de la coopération inter-organisationnelle des OESS. Nous mobilisons afin de construire ce modèle la théorie de ressources à travers sa branche Resource Based View (RBV) qui se focalise sur les ressources, les expériences et le partage des routines et des bonnes pratiques entre coopérants. La vérification empirique se fera par l’étude de 132 groupements de coopération inter-organisationnelle des OESS dans la région Souss Massa, en se basant sur une approche quantitative exhaustive. Les résultats empiriques montrent que la coopération inter-organisationnelle des OESS est construite de relations basées sur la confiance et l’engagement écrit tout en confirmant le rôle favorable du partage de connaissances dans la réussite de cette coopération.
Classification JEL : D7
Type de l’article : Recherche appliqué
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