1,720,959 research outputs found
Protecting the sexual and reproductive health of immigrant women in italy: building relationships of care and trust through a patient-centered approach
No full textThe advancement of sexual and reproductive healthcare for all women and the implementation of their respective rights can be achieved through adopting measures tailored to the specific needs of immigrant women; such measures should be aimed at overcoming linguistic, cultural, administrative, bureaucratic, and socio-economic barriers that hinder access to services and constrain their effective accessibility, with obvious implications for sexual and reproductive health. It is essential to develop prevention, diagnosis, and treatment pathways that consider cultural specificities while simultaneously promoting the autonomy of women: only a patient-centered approach, aimed at accommodating and providing appropriate responses to the patient’s cultural specificities, within the framework of fundamental rights and freedoms whilst
taking into account the irreducibility of the person to their culture of origin, can sanction the creation of the conditions required for the pursuit of the best interests of the individual, whilst respecting their autonomy and dignity
The communication of risks in the decision-making process: when fear of the risk can lead to refusing treatment
No full textConsent is an essential requirement for any medical treatment: if patient consent is to be an expression of the person’s self-determination and an essential prerequisite of the lawfulness of the medical act, it must first of all be informed consent, or consent expressed on the basis of adequate information offered by the doctor to the patient. It is therefore essential that we identify which risks of medical treatment fall under the doctor’s duty to disclose, insofar as they are relevant to the patient’s decision or may influence the decision-making process and therefore the freedom of choice of the person concerned. The relationship of care and trust between patient and doctor is a combination of the patient’s decision-making
autonomy and the professional autonomy of the doctor: the healthcare professional is obliged to respect the choices of the patient, but at the same time to act with responsibility and autonomy or offer the patient complete and truthful information, including in relation to risks that, once learned by the patient, could affect the decision-making process even in terms of refusing an “objectively” appropriate treatment
Rigosertib is a more effective radiosensitizer than cisplatin in concurrent chemoradiation treatment of cervical carcinoma, in vitro and in vivo.
No full textAbstract
PURPOSE: To compare rigosertib versus cisplatin as an effective radiosensitizing agent for cervical malignancies.
METHODS AND MATERIALS: Rigosertib and cisplatin were tested in cervical cancer cell lines, HeLa and C33A. A 24-hour incubation with rigosertib and cisplatin, before irradiation (2-8 Gy), was used for clonogenic survival assays. Cell cycle analysis (propidium iodide staining) and DNA damage (γ-H2AX expression) were evaluated by fluorescence-activated cell sorter cytometry. Rigosertib was also tested in vivo in tumor growth experiments on cervical cancer xenografts.
RESULTS: Rigosertib was demonstrated to induce a G2/M block in cancer cells. Survival curve comparison revealed a dose modification factor, as index of radiosensitization effect, of 1.1-1.3 for cisplatin and 1.4-2.2 for rigosertib. With 6-Gy irradiation, an increase in DNA damage of 15%-25% was achieved in both HeLa and C33A cells with cisplatin pretreatment, and a 71-108% increase with rigosertib pretreatment. In vivo tumor growth studies demonstrated higher performance of rigosertib when compared with cisplatin, with 53% longer tumor growth delay.
CONCLUSIONS: Rigosertib was more effective than cisplatin when combined with radiation and caused minimal toxicity. These data support the need for clinical trials with rigosertib in combination therapy for patients with cervical carcinoma
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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