3 research outputs found
Does individual adaptability mediate the relationship between personal initiative andpsychologicalwell-being: evidence from Uganda’s small enterprises
No full textPurpose– This paper aims to investigate whether individual adaptability mediates the relationship between personal initiative (PI) and psychological well-being of Ugandan small enterprise employees. Furthermore, the paper examines whether PI and individual adaptability also affect psychological well-being. Design/methodology/approach–Across-sectional survey designusing quantitativeapproach was used inthis study. Data were collected from 726 employees of small enterprises in Uganda using a self-administered questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Scientists and uploaded into AMOS version 23. Hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling technique. Findings– Results confirm that individual adaptability fully mediates the relationship between PI and psychological well-being. Findings further indicate that PI is negatively related to psychological well-being and that individual adaptability is positively related to psychological well-being. Researchlimitations/implications– First, the sample of this study consisted of employees working with small enterprises in Uganda with different demographic characteristics; thus, the generalizability of these findings to other sectors or contexts needs to be established. Secondly, the study was quantitative in nature. This study has managerial implications in a way that managers need to create a climate that fosters individual adaptability among employees to help them enhance their Psychological well-being (PWB). Practical implications– Small enterprise employees with high levels of PI may benchmark on this study findings by ensuring that they adjust their thinking, emotions and behavior to navigate the challenges of the current working environment such that they can increase their psychological well-being.
Originality/value– This study may be among the first to demonstrate that individual adaptability mediates the relationship between PI and psychological well-being in the context of small enterprise employees of Uganda, an African developing country
Psychological well-being of small enterprise employees: a multi-theoretical perspective
No full textAbstract
Purpose – This paper aims to suggest a multi-theoretical explanation using a success story to explain
psychological well-being (PWB) among employees of K.C, a small enterprise found in Uganda, a developing
country in Africa.
Design/methodology/approach – The study used qualitative methodology. Based on in-depth interviews
with K.C employees, a story was developed describing the practical experience, focusing on the context, actions,
results and lessons learnt. Regarding the sample size, the saturation point was attained on the seventh participant.
Findings – Findings reveal that employees that possess psychological capital set targets and generate
avenues that allow them to achieve set goals, with personal initiative that makes them proactive to
accomplish work tasks and individual adaptability that enables them to adjust their emotions and behavior to
fit in a complex working environment, which makes them to think, feel and act positively. Furthermore,
several theories, including broaden and build, personal initiative and complex adaptive systems theory,
explain the manifestations of PWB of employees in small enterprises.
Research limitations/implications – The study was limited by focusing on the context of a small
enterprise. Future research may investigate other study contexts whose findings might be different. In addition, the
study being hypothetical lacked statistical testing. It would be a meaningful effort if future studies statistically
tested the suggested model. Irrespective of the limitations, the findings of this study remain significant.
Practical implications – In practice, employees may replicate these findings to nurture PWB which
eventually contributes to enterprises’ success. This could provide answers to the psychological challenges
experienced by employees of small enterprises, especially in the African developing countries like Uganda
where this is a major challenge. Specifically, the workers of K.C enterprise may depend on their PWB to deal
with workplace challenges and sustain the enterprise’s performance.
Social implications – Socially, there is need to embrace positive social relationships among employees at
the work place which will translate into well-being of society.
Originality/value – This paper is exceptional because it uses a success story showing practical
experiences of how PWB of employees in small enterprises is nurtured in Uganda. In addition, a multi-
theoretical perspective is used to explain the manifestations in the story, which is the greatest contribution of
this paper. Further, a conceptual model is still proposed, depicting psychological capital, personal initiative
and individual adaptability as antecedents of PWB
The Impact of Antiretroviral Therapy on Mortality in HIV Positive People during Tuberculosis Treatment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
No full textObjective: To quantify the impact of antiretroviral therapy (ART) on mortality in HIV-positive people during tuberculosis (TB) treatment. Design: We conducted a systematic literature review and meta-analysis. Studies published from 1996 through February 15, 2013, were identified by searching electronic resources (Pubmed and Embase) and conference books, manual searches of references, and expert consultation. Pooled estimates for the outcome of interest were acquired using random effects meta-analysis. Subjects The study population included individuals receiving ART before or during TB treatment. Main Outcome Measures: Main outcome measures were: (i) TB-case fatality ratio (CFR), defined as the proportion of individuals dying during TB treatment and, if mortality in HIV-positive people not on ART was also reported, (ii) the relative risk of death during TB treatment by ART status. Results: Twenty-one studies were included in the systematic review. Random effects pooled meta-analysis estimated the CFR between 8% and 14% (pooled estimate 11%). Among HIV-positive TB cases, those receiving ART had a reduction in mortality during TB treatment of between 44% and 71% (RR = 0.42, 95%CI: 0.29–0.56). Conclusion: Starting ART before or during TB therapy reduces the risk of death during TB treatment by around three-fifths in clinical settings. National programmes should continue to expand coverage of ART for HIV positive in order to control the dual epidemic.Version of Recor
