1,720,966 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Demanslı Hastalarda Ağrı Değerlendirilmesi
No full textDementia, which is characterized by the impairment of memory and the other cognitive functions, is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder of central nervous system. Dementia affects social and business life of patients and may result in death. Alzheimer?s disease, vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia and frontotemporal dementia are the most common reasons of dementia. Pain is one of the most frequent symptoms in elderly people and it may impact their daily activities and quality of life. The physician should have self-reports of patients for the pain assessment. However, self-reports may not be sufficient in dementia patients due to reasons such as cognitive impairment, communication problems. Thus the physician should also have reports of caregivers and make assessments based on their personal observation. Some pain scales have been developed for an objective pain assessment in patients with dementia. In this study, it was intended to assess pain and examine its relationship between the other geriatric symptoms, daily activities and behavioral symptoms in patients with dementia. 75 patients, who were diagnosed with dementia and from Seyranbağları Nursing and Rehabilitation Center for Aged and Ümitköy Ankara Nursing and Rehabilitation Center for Aged, were included in this study. Following a comprehensive geriatric assessment and relevant tests, the patients were asked whether they have pain and then, PAİNAD (Pain Assessment in Advanced Dementia) , DS-DAT (Discomfort Scale for Dementia of the Alzheimer's Type) , PADE (Pain Assessment for the Dementing Elderly) , FACES (Wong?Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale) and NS ( Numeric Rating Scale) tests were applied. CMAI (Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory) and NPI (Neuropsychiatric Inventory ) tests were applied for the evaluation of psychiatric symptoms. Average age of patients was 81.1±7.0 and 46.7% (n=35) were female, 53.7% (n=40) were male. 93.3% (n=70) of patients had Alzheimer?s disease while 6.7% (n=5) was suffering from vascular dementia. 32% (n=24) of patients had early-stage dementia, 24% (n=18) was at moderate-stage and 44% (n=33) at advanced-stage. The number of patients reporting pain was 23. However, results of PADE, PAINAD, DS-DAT pain tests were similar in groups with and without self-reports of pain. The percentage of patient reporting pain was lower in early-stage compared to moderate- and advanced-stage, although this finding was not statistically significant (early-stage 48.7%; moderate-stage 22.2%; advanced stage 27.3%). Furthermore, it was found that advanced-stage PADE, PAINAD and DS-DAT scores are significantly high to indicate the presence of pain (p<0.001). Pain was found to be related with geriatric syndromes in dementia patients. Depression was associated with both PADE (p=0.02), PAINAD (p=0.01) and DS-DAT (p=0.02) among pain tests and NPI (p=0.04), which shows the severity of psychiatric symptoms. According to the correlation analysis results, PADE and Numeric Scale were associated with all of the geriatric assessment tests (MMSE, Geriatric Depression Scale, ADL, İADL, MNA); WB Faces test was related with ADL, İADL, MNA; PAINAD and DS-DAT were found to be associated with all tests except GDS. The relation of PDE with all geriatric assessment tests was a remarkable result. As a result of this study in which pain assessment in dementia patients was intended, it was indicated that the pain is not a rarely seen case and it may adversely affect cognitive functions, depression, functionality and nutritional status of patient. In addition, it was observed that dementia patients may not verbalize their pain and this situation becomes apparent in advanced stages of disease. It should be considered that questioning the patient with dementia may be misleading for pain assessment, regular application of pain assessment tools to these patients would provide a more accurate pain evaluation and thus unfavorable affect of pain can be prevented.Demans hafıza ve diğer kognitif fonksiyonların bozulması ile karakterize, kişinin günlük yaşam aktivitelerini, sosyal ve iş hayatını etkileyen, ölümle sonuçlanabilen santral sinir sisteminin progresif nörodejeneratif bir hastalığıdır. Alzheimer Hastalığı, Vaskuler demans, Lewy cisimcikli demans ve Frontotemporal demans demansın sık nedenlerindendir. Yaşlılarda en sık semptomlardan biri olan ağrı, günlük aktivitelerini ve yaşam kalitesini etkileyebilmektedir. Hekim, ağrı değerlendirmesi yaparken direkt hastadan bilgi almalıdır. Ancak, kognitif bozukluk olması, iletişim problemleri gibi nedenlerle demanslı hastadan alınan bilgi her zaman yeterli olmamaktadır. Bu nedenle hekim yaşlının bakımını üstlenen kişilerden de bilgi almalı ve kendi gözlemlerine dayanan bir değerlendirme yapmalıdır. Bu değerlendirmenin objektif olabilmesi için demanslı hastalardaki ağrı değerlendirilmesi için bazı ağrı ölçekleri geliştirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada demanslı hastalarda ağrı değerlendirilmesi ve ağrının diğer geriatrik sendromlarla, günlük aktivitelerle ve davranışsal semptomlarla ilişkisinin incelenmesi amaçlandı. Seyranbağları Huzurevi Yaşlı Bakım ve Rehabilitasyon Merkezi ve Ankara Ümitköy Huzurevi Yaşlı Bakım ve Rehabilitasyon Merkezindeki demans tanısı olan 75 hasta dahil edildi. Hastalara kapsamlı geriatrik değerlendirme ve bununla ilgili testlerin yapılmasından sonra ağrı değerlendirilmesi için önce ağrısının olup olmadığı soruldu, ardından PAİNAD (Pain Assessment in Advanced Dementia) , DS-DAT (Discomfort Scale for Dementia of the Alzheimer's Type), PADE (Pain Assessment for the Dementing Elderly) , WBFaces (Wong?Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale), ve NS ( Numeric Rating Scale) tesleri uygulandı. Psikiyatrik semptomların değerlendirilmesi için CMAI (Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory) ve NPI (Neuropsychiatric Inventory ) testleri uygulandı. Hastaların yaş ortalaması 81,1±7,0 ve %46,7?si (n=35) kadın, %53,7?si (n=40) erkek idi. Hastaların %93,3?ü (n=70) Alzheimer hastalığı, %6,7?si (n=5) Vasküler Demans hastalarıydı. Hastaların %32?si (n=24) erken, %24?ü (n=18) orta ve %44?ü(n=33) ileri evre demanstı. Ağrısı olduğunu söyleyen hasta sayısı 23 idi. Ancak, PADE, PAİNAD, DS-DAT ağrı testlerinin sonuçları ağrısı olduğunu söyleyen ve söylemeyen grupta benzerdi. İstatistiksel olarak anlamlı olmasa da ağrısı olduğunu ifade eden hasta yüzdesi erken evreye göre orta ve ileri evrede daha düşüktü (erken evre %48,7; orta evre %22,2; ileri evre %27,3). Bununla beraber ileri evrede PADE, PAİNAD ve DS-DAT?dan alınan puanların ağrı olduğunu gösterecek şekilde anlamlı olarak yüksek olduğu tespit edildi (p<0.001). Demans hastalarında ağrının geriatrik sendromlarla etkileştiği görüldü. Depresyonun hem ağrı testlerinden PADE (p=0,02), PAINAD (p=0,01) ve DS-DAT (p=0,02) ile hem de psikiyatrik semptomların yoğunluğunu gösteren NPI (p=0,04) ile ilişkili olduğu saptandı. Korelasyon analizi sonucu ağrı testlerinden PADE ve Numerik Skala kapsamlı geriatrik değerlendirme testlerinin hepsiyle (MMSE, Geriatrik Depresyon Skalası, GYA , EGYA , MNA , WBFaces testi GYA, EGYA, MNA ile, PAINAD ve DS-DAT ise Geriatrik Depresyon Skalası dışındakilerin hepsiyle ilişkili bulundu. Tüm geriatrik değerlendirme testleriyle ilişkili olan ağrı testinin PADE olduğu dikkat çekti. Demans hastalarında ağrının değerlendirilmesinin amaçlandığı bu çalışma sonucunda demans hastalarında ağrının nadir bir durum olmadığı ve kognitif fonksiyonları, depresyonu, fonksiyonelliği ve beslenme durumunu olumsuz yönde etkilediği gösterilmiş oldu. Bununla birlikte demans hastalarının ağrıyı her zaman ifade edemedikleri, bu durumun özellikle demans evresi ilerledikçe belirginleştiği gözlendi. Demaslı hastada ağrının değerlendirilmesi için sadece hastalara sorularak karar verilmesinin yanıltıcı olabileceği, demansa özel geliştirilmiş olan ağrı değerlendirme testlerinin bu hastalara rutin olarak uygulanmasıyla ağrının daha iyi tespit edilebileceği,gözden kaçmayacağı, böylelikle ağrının yaratacağı olumsuz sonuçlardan kaçınılabileceği unutulmamalıdır
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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