1,720,954 research outputs found
Analysis of the effects of Fed's monetary policies on inflation in the Usa after the 2008 global crisis through co-integration and causality tests
Get PDFIn recent years, high inflation has emerged as a common fundamental problem for many countries. Studies investigating the causes of inflation have increased due to the high inflation observed worldwide following the 2008 Global Financial Crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic. Parallel to this, there has been a growing interest in research examining the effects of monetary policies on inflation. This study analyzes the short- and long-term impacts of the Federal Reserve's (FED) monetary policies on inflation in the United States through co-integration and causality tests. In particular, asset purchases and sales initiated after the 2008 Global Financial Crisis, as interest rate changes failed to produce the desired effects, have provided opportunities to better analyse the impacts of monetary policies. Inthis research, the period from January 2008 to August 2024, including the COVID-19 era, was examined to determinewhether changes in the FED's balance sheet, the industrial production index, the unemployment rate, and inflation were statistically significant. In this research, based on the results of cointegration, FMOLS, DOLS analysis, and causality tests, increases in the balance sheet were found to have a statistically significant impact on inflation in both the short and long term. Additionally, causality tests revealed that changes in the FED's balance sheet are a Granger cause of inflation. In the long term, inflation, changes in the balance sheet size, and the industrial production index were identified as causes of changes in unemployment. This finding highlights the importance of central bank balance sheet sizes and the monetary policies influencing these sizes
Effects of environmental degradation, economic, and demographic variables on life expectancy: Panel data analysis for high-income countries
No full textLife expectancy is one of the most significant variables that reflect countries' welfare levels. This study aims to investigate the effects of environmental degradation, economic conditions, and demographic factors on average life expectancy in 10 high-income countries (i.e., Canada, Belgium, England, Germany, Austria, Spain, Sweden, France, Italy, and the USA). The study covers the 2000-2019 period and has selected CO2 emissions, infant mortality rates, unemployment rates, and share of public health expenditures in current health expenditures as the indicators. The study uses the panel data analysis method, first analyzing the countries together and then individually. When examining the countries together, a 1% increase in infant mortality has been determined to lead to a 0.111% decrease in life expectancy, whereas CO(2 )emissions have no effect on life expectancy. When analyzing the countries separately, a 1% increase in CO2 emissions was observed to reduce life expectancy in Canada, Spain, France, Italy, and Sweden. Reduced unemployment rates and an increased share of public health expenditures were seen to positively affect average life expectancy in England. Moreover, increased CO(2 )emissions were seen to negatively affect life expectancy in France. Meanwhile, a 1% increase in unemployment in Canada leads to a 0.034% increases in life expectancy, while a 1% increase in the infant mortality rate causes a 0.239% decrease in life expectancy. As a result, increasing the share of public health expenditures in current health expenditures and decreasing unemployment rates have been concluded to positively affect average life expectancy in high-income countries. Policymakers in high-income countries are expected to focus on environmentally friendly policies that reduce CO2 emissions and increase health expenditures and employment in the coming years; as this in turn will contribute to positive developments in life expectancy. In addition, social policies that reduce infant mortality rates, especially for babies born of a mother going through puberty, may lead to improvements in life expectancy in high-income countries. These findings can be used to contribute to policy makers in high-income countries developing further comprehensive measurements
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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