46 research outputs found
Rehabilitation for Cas Labuschagne : good enough, timely enough?
No full textDATA BESKIKBAARHEIDSVERKLARING : Datadeling is nie van toepassing nie, aangesien geen nuwe
data in die studie geskep of ontleed is nie.This research is part of the project, ‘Contextualized Reformed Theology in South Africa’, directed by Dr Andre Ungerer of the Reformed Theological College, Faculty of Theology, University of Pretoria.Special Collection: Wim Dreyer Dedication, sub-edited by Jaco Beyers (University of Pretoria, South Africa).During the General
Church Assembly of 2010, the Netherdutch Reformed Church of Africa (NRCA) confessed her
previous justification of apartheid as wrongdoing. It led to serious dissatisfaction in the more
conservative part of the Church, eventually ending in the painful church schism of 2011.
Afterwards, the leadership had to handle several related issues. And then, out of the blue, an
outstanding matter arose from the past’s nebulae – unfinished business between the Church
and prof. Cas Labuschagne. He was a dissident with prof. Albert Geyser who acted against
the church’s justification of apartheid during the sixties. After a fierce struggle and much
desperation, he left South Africa for the Netherlands in 1967. Almost 40 years later, in 2008,
correspondence occurred between the NRCA and Labuschagne to see if reconciliation was possible,
but without any positive results. Labuschagne distrusted the Church’s motives and argued that
only a public excuse would settle matters. Due to the run-up to the decision in 2010 and the
church schism in 2011, the case gathered some cyber dust. Professors A.G. van Aarde, J.
Buitendag and W.A. Dreyer played a prominent role in bringing the outstanding matter of Cas
Labuschagne to the attention of the author of this article. It led to a visit in 2017 and more
correspondence to clarify issues. Eventually, reconciliation had occurred only a few months
before he died in 2019.
CONTRIBUTION : This article contributes to revealing an untold story in which different leaders
of the NRCA played a prominent role. It is about a struggle for reconciliation, events behind
the scenes, and a story with a good end – events the church and the academic community
should know about.http://www.hts.org.zaam2024Reformed Theological CollegeNon
Qualitative Research - Airy Fairy or Fundamental?
No full textFor many scientists used to doing quantitative studies the whole concept of qualitative research is unclear, almost foreign, or \u27airy fairy\u27 - not \u27 real\u27 research. Clinical scientists sometimes find it difficult to accept this research method where the generation of hypotheses often replaces the testing thereof, explanation replaces measurement, and understanding replaces generalisability. Since qualitative research is becoming a prominent tool in medical research, it will be worthwhile to have a closer look at what it is and how it works
Consumers' expectations of furniture labels during their pre–purchase information search : toward label development
No full textThesis (M. Consumer Science)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.Labels serve as a source of external information during the consumer decision–making process, and frequently contribute to consumers’ prior knowledge of different products as well as their search activities prior to purchase of furniture. Labelling of a wide range of products, such as food and
clothing has been investigated with regard to the effectiveness of the label, to convey information and draw consumers’ attention to the product, and the usage of the labels by consumers. However, no literature suggests the existence of labels with regard to furniture items, or consumers’ expectations about furniture labels. It is believed that labels on furniture items could assist consumers during the pre–purchase information search of the decision–making
process. The current study investigated consumers’ expectations of furniture labels,
during the pre–purchase information search of the consumer decision–making process, in order to propose furniture labels. The objectives of the study were to determine what questions regarding product information consumers frequently ask store assistants prior to furniture purchasing; to determine consumers’ expectations regarding furniture labels in terms of the product information on the label, the appearance of the label and the placement of the label on furniture items; and finally to suggest a preliminary furniture label
according to consumers’ expectations. A mixed–method research approach was followed, using a two–phase exploratory design. Qualitative findings indicated that consumers enquire about the type of materials used for the manufacturing of furniture items, finishes used on items, quality, guarantees, warrantees, design, performance, maintenance, care instructions and colours of items. Similarly, quantitative
results showed that the majority of respondents deemed the price, materials
used, cleaning instructions, guarantee and warrantees important to be displayed on the furniture label. Appearance characteristics were summarised and preliminary furniture labels were suggested accordingly. These labels can be used by product developers, marketers, and the furniture industry to assist consumers during their pre–purchase information search of the consumer decision–making process.Master
Degradation of the systemic fungicide, metalaxyl, in South African avocado and citrus soils
No full textThesis (MSc) -- University of Stellenbosch, 1986.Full text to be digitised and attached to bibliographic record
Crisis Periods, Contagion and Integration Effects in the Major African Equity Markets During the 2007-2009 Global Financial Crisis
No full textThe contribution of the first named author is based on research supported by the National Research Foundation, Grant Number 87502. We thank Antonie Kotzé for providing us with some of the data that we required in this paper.A number of studies assert that during critical events cross-market correlations change substantially. The main focus of this paper is to explicitly test two research hypotheses concerning the effect of increasing cross-market correlations in the 2007-2009 Global Financial Crisis (GFC) compared to the pre-crisis period. These hypotheses state that there was no contagion and no integration effects among the U.S., the U.K., and selected African stock markets (South Africa, Namibia, Egypt, Nigeria, Morocco and Kenya) during the GFC. The crisis periods are formally detected using a statistical method of dividing market states into bullish and bearish markets. The sample period begins in January 2003 and ends in December 2013, and it includes the 2007 U.S. subprime crisis. Obtained results indicate that there is no reason to reject both research hypotheses. Moreover, the results confirm a heterogeneity of the African equity markets in the context of the influence of the recent global crisis.Coenraad Labuschagne: [email protected]żbieta Majewska: [email protected] Olbryś: [email protected] Labuschagne - Department of Finance and Investment Management, University of JohannesburgElżbieta Majewska - Faculty of Mathematics and Informatics, University of BiałystokJoanna Olbryś - Faculty of Computer Science, Bialystok University of TechnologyAduda J., Masila J. M., Onsongo E. 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M., Bodnar G., 2009, No Place to Hide: The Global Crisis in Equity Markets in 2008/2009, “Journal of International Money and Finance”, 28(8).Beine M., Osma A., Vermeulen R., 2010, The Dark Side of Global Integration: Increasing Tail Dependence, “Journal of Banking and Finance”, 34(1).Bekaert G., Harvey C.R., Ng A., 2005, Market Integration and Contagion, „Journal of Business”, 78(1).Billmeier A., Massa J., 2008, Go Long or Short in Pyramids? News from the Egyptian Stock Market, “International Review of Financial Analysis”, 17(5).Brière M., Chapelle A., Szafarz A., 2012, No Contagion, only Globalization and Flight to Quality, “Journal of International Money and Finance”, 31.Brunnermeier M. K., 2009, Deciphering the Liquidity and Credit Crunch 2007-2008, “Journal of Economic Perspectives”, 23(1).Bry G., Boschan C., 1971, Cyclical Analysis of Time Series: Selected Procedures and Computer Programs, NBER, New York.Calomiris C. W., Love J., Martinez Peria M. S., 2012, Stock Returns’ Sensitivities to Crisis Shocks: Evidence from Developed and Emerging Markets, “Journal of International Money and Finance”, 31(4).Chesnay F., Jondeau E., 2001, Does Correlation between Stock Returns Really Increase during Turbulent Periods?, “Economic Notes”, 30.Claessens S., Dell’Ariccia G., Igan D., Laeven L., 2010, Cross-Country Experience and Policy Implications from the Global Financial Crisis, “Economic Policy”, 62.Collins D., Abrahamson M., 2004, African Equity Markets and the Process of Financial Integration, “South African Journal of Economics”, 72(4).Collins D., Biekpe N., 2003a, Contagion: A Fear for African Equity Markets?, “Journal of Economics and Business”, 55.Collins D., Biekpe N., 2003b, Contagion and Interdependence in African Stock Markets, “South African Journal of Economics”, 71(1).Didier T., Love I., Martinez Peria M. S., 2012, What Explains Comovement in Stock Market Returns during the 2007-2008 Crisis?, “International Journal of Finance and Economics”, 17.Doornik J. A., Hansen H., 2008, An Omnibus Test for Univariate and Multivariate Normality, “Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics”, 70, Supplement 1.Dungey M., Fry R., Gonzales-Hermosillo B., Martin V. L., 2005, Empirical Modeling of Contagion: A Review of Methodologies, “Quantitative Finance”, 5(1).Edwards S., 2000, Contagion, “The World Economy”, 23(7).Eita J. H., 2012, Modelling Macroeconomic Determinants of Stock Market Prices: Evidence from Namibia, “Journal of Applied Business Research”, 28(5).Enisan A. A., Olufisayo A. O., 2009, Stock Market Development and Economic Growth: Evidence from Seven Sub-Sahara African Countries, “Journal of Economics and Business”, 61.Fisher R. A., 1921, On the “Probable Error” of a Coefficient of Correlation Deduced from a Small Sample, “Metron”, 1.Forbes K. J., Rigobon R., 2002, No Contagion, only Interdependence: Measuring Stock Market Comovements, “Journal of Finance”, 57(5).Ghysels E., Cherkaoui M., 2003, Emerging Markets and Trading Costs: Lessons from Casablanca, “Journal of Empirical Finance”, 10(1-2).Goetzmann W. N., Li L., Rouwenhorst K. G., 2005, Long-Term Global Market Correlations, “Journal of Business”, 78(1).Heymans A., Da Camara R., 2013, Measuring Spill-Over Effects of Foreign Markets on the JSE before, during and after International Financial Crises, “South African Journal of Economics and Management Sciences”, 16(4).Jefferis K., Smith G., 2005, The Changing Efficiency of African Stock Markets, “South African Journal of Economics”, 73(1).Jennrich R. I., 1970, An Asymptotic Chi-Square Test for the Equality of Two Correlation Matrices, “Journal of the American Statistical Association”, 65.Kodongo O., Ojah K., 2012, The Dynamic Relation between Foreign Exchange Rates and International Portfolio Flows: Evidence from Africa’s Capital Markets, “International Review of Economics and Finance”, 24.Kotzé A., Labuschagne C., 2014, The Dilemma of Central Counterparty versus a Qualified Central Counterparty in a Developing Country, “Procedia Economics and Finance”, 14.Lagoarde-Segot T., Lucey B. M., 2009, Shift-Contagion Vulnerability in the MENA Stock Markets, “The World Economy”, 32(10).Lane P. R., Milesi-Ferretti G. M., 2011, The Cross-Country Incidence of the Global Crisis, “IMF Economic Review”, 59(1).Larntz K., Perlman M. D., 1985, A Simple Test for the Equality of Correlation Matrices, Technical Report No. 63, Department of Statistics, University of Washington.Lee J.-S., Kuo C.-T., Yen P.-H., 2011, Market States and Initial Returns: Evidence from Taiwanese IPOs, “Emerging Markets Finance & Trade”, 47(2).Leung R., Stampini M., Vencatachellum D., 2014, Does Human Capital Protect Workers against Exogenous Shocks? Evidence from Panel Data on South Africa during the 2008-2009 Crisis, “South African Journal of Economics”, 82(1).Longin F., Solnik B., 1995, Is the Correlation in International Equity Returns Constant: 1960-1990?, “Journal of International Money and Finance”, 14(1).Lunde A., Timmermann A., 2000, Duration Dependence in Stock Prices: An Analysis of Bull and Bear Markets, University of California, San Diego.Morales L., Andreosso-O’Callaghan B., 2014, The Global Financial Crisis: World Market or Regional Contagion Effects?, “International Review of Economics and Finance”, 29.Neaime S., 2012, The Global Financial Crisis, Financial Linkages and Correlations in Returns and Volatilities in Emerging MENA Stock Markets, “Emerging Markets Review”, 13.Neidhardt T., 2009, Solving the Puzzle: Stock Market Spillover Effects between Namibia and South Africa, “University of Montana Working Paper”, SSRN-id1340147.Ntim C. G., Opong K. K., Danbolt J., Dewotor F., 2011, Testing the Weak-Form Efficiency in African Stock Markets, “Managerial Finance”, 37(3).Olbrys J., 2013, Price and Volatility Spillovers in the Case of Stock Markets Located in Different Time Zones, “Emerging Markets Finance & Trade”, 49(S2).Olbrys J., Majewska E., 2014, The 2007-2009 Financial Crisis on Emerging Markets: Quantitative Identification of Crisis in Continent-Based Regions, “Chinese Business Review”, 13(7).Pagan A. R., Sossounov K. A., 2003, A Simple Framework for Analysing Bull and Bear Markets, “Journal of Applied Econometrics”, 18(1).Pericoli M., Sbracia M., 2003, A Primer on Financial Contagion, “Journal of Economic Surveys”, 17(4).Piesse J., Hearn B., 2005, Regional Integration of Equity Markets in Sub-Saharan Africa, “South African Journal of Economics”, 73(1).Rigobon R., 2002, Contagion: How to Measure it? [In:] Preventing Currency Crises in Emerging Markets, (eds) Edwards S., Frankel J. A., University of Chicago Press, Chicago.Rose A. K., Spiegel M. M., 2012, Cross-Country Causes and Consequences of the 2008 Crisis: Early Warning, “Japan and the World Economy”, 24.Smith G., Jefferis K., Ryoo H.-J., 2002, African Stock Markets: Multiple Variance Ratio Tests of Random Walks, “Applied Financial Economics”, 12(7).31-525(83)315
Aspek in Afrikaans: n teoretiese beskrywing
No full textEnter any additional information or requests for the Library here.The Afrikaans verb system distinguishes between past, present and future tense, but is ambiguous with regard to aspectual interpretation. Whereas English has different formal ways to specify aspectual meaning (for example the differences between the past situations indicated by drank, has drunk, had drunk and was drinking) the het ge past tense can be used in Afrikaans for all four these aspectual past tense meanings (namely het gedrink). Afrikaans is therefore regarded as a non-aspectual language (cf. Bylund et al. 2013:932). The aspectually ambiguous nature ofthe Afrikaans verb system has a far-reaching effect on the manner in which the Afrikaans grammar in the Afrikaans academic literature is described or understood. Firstly, there is a view that the verbal form of Afrikaans is inadequate to express certain aspectual nuances and meanings in the same way as, for instance, English (cf. Brink 1976:93; De Villiers 1962:250; Du Toit 1940:250; Meyer 2010; Paul 2010; Visser 2012; Wybenga 1983:1). Secondly, expressions such as "easy", "simplified", "lacking a real system" and "problematic" have been used to describe temporal expression in Afrikaans (cf. Anon 2010; Britz 2002; De Villiers 1962:59). Some scholars even assume that Afrikaans "has no aspect" (cf. Van derMerwe 1968a:281). However, these statements are contentious as it is indeed possible to distinguish between different aspectual meanings in Afrikaans. Although verb inflection is not really used to make these distinctions, other linguistic strategies such as phrasal and lexical constructions can be employed. A possible reason for the above-mentioned views is the fact that Afrikaans aspectual expressions have not yet been researched or described adequately. In fact, since 1940, only ten Afrikaans publications on aspect have been published (cf. Breed 2012:7-14). However, in my opinion, these publications do not offer a good explanation of the different ways in which aspect can be expressed in Afrikaans, and therefore fail to contribute to a better understanding of aspectual expressions in Afrikaans. This article endeavours to fill the dual void by offering a general theoretical description of aspect in Afrikaans, and secondly by systematically presenting the different linguistic strategies that are used in Afrikaans to express aspectual meaning. By means of a search on the "Digitale Bibliografie van die Afrikaanse Taalkunde (DBAT)", ten Afrikaans publications were found that offer a theoretical description or definitions of aspect, i.e. Broos (1960), De Villiers (1942, 1948, 1951, 1962, 1968), Labuschagne (1968), Louw (1987), Potgieter (1982), Scholtz (1940), Van der Merwe (1968b), Van Niekerk (1997) Visser (1968) and Wybenga (1983). This literature is useful to form an overall conceptual framework of aspect in Afrikaans, and also to identify some aspectual expressions in Afrikaans. However, it is inadequate to serve as theoretical framework for the description of aspect in Afrikaans for the following reasons: The publications on Afrikaans aspect do not seem to have taken cognisance of contemporary international research findings on aspect in general. It is difficult to understand and distinguish the definitions and classifications of aspectual meanings made in the Afrikaans literature. There is little agreement between the definitions or classifications given in the different publications for the various aspectual meanings (e.g. the conative, causative, iterative, momental, punctual, ingressive and inchoative), and the description and classification of the perfective and imperfective meanings given in the relevant publications do not agree with contemporary international views on aspect (for example those of Binnick 1991; Bybee et al. 1994; Bybee 2003, Comrie 1976,1985; Dahl 1985; Langacker 1991; McCawley 1971). I consider the classification and definitions offered in the literature for aspectual meanings in Afrikaans unclear, incongruous and mostly incompatible. Apart from some references to Lyons (1977) and Jespersen (1965), non-South African sources on aspect are seldom referred to. It is still not clear which constructs or methods are being used by Afrikaans speakers to express aspectual meaning. According to the received linguistic view of grammatical aspect, it has to do with the point of view from which a situation is perceived. A situation can be viewed from two perspectives. Firstly, it can be viewed as a whole, with the boundaries of the situation included, for example The dog drank the water. This approach is called the perfective aspect. Secondly, a situation can be viewed with a focus on the internal temporal structure of the situation, for example The dog is drinking the water. This approach is called the imperfective aspect. All other aspectual meanings, (for example the habitual aspect such as Elephants eat leaves or the frequentative aspect such as He visits her often) can be regarded as a subtype of one of these two aspectual distinctions. A further distinguishable temporal-aspectual construction, namely the perfect or the anterior, is also relevant to this discussion. The anterior does not stand as a structure in opposition to the perfective or imperfective, but involves multiple points in time and should therefore be dealt with slightly differently than simply to be categorised as grammatical aspect. The two terminologies, namely the perfective and the perfect are often confused with each other or treated as synonyms, but are inherently different. In some traditions, the perfect is rather regarded as a tense category (cf. Comrie 1976:52). The anterior specifies that a process in the past has an effect on a subsequent situation, as it results in a state situation. The expression does not reveal anything about the situation itself, but places the situation in a particular context. Further descriptions and classifications of subtypes are addressed in the article. Although Afrikaans does not use verb inflection to distinguish aspectual meaning as in English, five linguistic strategies are used to specify aspectual meaning, namely i) lexical constructions such as adverbs and conjunction; ii) affixation; iii) reduplication; iv) passive constructions; and v) periphrastic constructions
Decentring the individual Subject: the perpetual recycling of the narrating “I” in David Mitchell’s Ghostwritten
No full textAbstract: British author David Mitchell’s debut novel Ghostwritten, published in 1999, has been lauded for its innovative nine-part structure, in which each chapter is presented as a first-person narrative that involves, each time, a different narrator with a different story. Mitchell himself describes this arrangement as a way to “locate meaning in randomness [...] Each chapter offers a different reason why its events unfold as they do” (in Begley 2010: 5). Such a postmodern concern with randomness is evident when the ostensible self-sufficiency of the individual account is undermined by the arbitrary, often mysterious (re)appearance of one or the other narrator as character in another’s story. Interestingly, these surprise appearances, of what could be called the ‘experiencing other’, work to undermine the centrality of the narrator’s story – of what could be called the ‘master narrative’. This destabilisation is compounded in characteristic postmodern fashion by the continual displacement of the narrating ‘I’ from one chapter to the next. Thus, while the ‘I’ remains – or seems to remain – a constant throughout, the individual subject is ceaselessly recycled as the experiencing other in different guises; it is a process that apparently denies the formation of an individual identity, thus ratifying the postmodern anxiety about the end of individuality. However, as I argue in this paper, it is precisely this continual recycling that affords the decentred subject a chance at individuality. In a telling deconstructive gesture, Mitchell’s novel bypasses the transcendental Subject to allow a space in which the plural subject can claim its identity, paradoxically, as a singular entity
Ghostreading : retro-spectral interpretations in the novels of David Mitchell
No full textAbstract : In the course of the past nineteen years or so, the novels of British author David Mitchell have been steadily garnering critical scrutiny, with the focus of scholarly interest ranging from postmodernist narrative forms, the Bildungsroman, and discursive identity, to the Utopian, science fiction, and postcolonialism, among many others. Such diverse approaches hinge on the eclectic use of genre in these works, not only from one novel to the next, but more often than not also within a single text. By thus disrupting genre-compliant writing, these novels can be said to work deconstructively to destabilize conventional modes of reading and interpretation. As a result, the formation of the subject – be this the writer, the protagonist-narrator, and/or the reader – is fitfully traced in the interstices between ever-changing syntagmatic and paradigmatic levels of signification. Hence the figure of this composite subject is always in the process of becoming, never fully formed or fully present. One could speak here of the subject as a spectral shape that haunts the pages of the text, much as the plotlines of Mitchell’s novels are haunted by uncanny encounters, virtual personalities, return appearances, and supernatural. Within this framework, I aim to show in this study how Mitchell’s writing rehearses the vagaries of the reading process. In the process, I focus on the narrative structure of three specific novels – what I would call the inaugural trio consisting of ghostwritten, number9dream, and Cloud Atlas, insofar as they could be seen to lay the groundwork for the ever-expanding, endlessly shifting fictional world of what Mitchell himself thinks of as his “über-novel” (Huff Post Books, 9 June 2015). I pay close attention to certain, possibly less familiar aspects of narrativity, namely the uncanny, intertextuality, and singularity. Using these three schemes, respectively, in my reading of the three inaugural novels, I seek to demonstrate that Mitchell’s narrative innovations revoke our persistent compulsion to identify ‘the’ reader, but without doing away with the person doing the reading. In short, I aim to show how Mitchell’s writing invites what Valentine Cunningham calls “tactful” readings that would secure “the presence, the rights, the needs of the human subject” (2002: 143).Ph.D. (English
Role of location in the attendance and spending of Festinos
No full textNot on Sherpa or Masterfile. On journal website it says: This is an open-access journal - free use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium is allowed, provided that the journal, and original author/s are credited.The purpose of this research was to identify the determinants of spending by the visitors at Innibos, Vryfees en Kierieklapper arts festivals with special focus on the different locations, using the same questionnaire and methodology. The survey measured the attendance and spending of different arts festivals in different locations in order to determine whether any differences exist and if so what these differences are. The research was conducted by means of a visitor survey at the three arts festivals during the same year with questionnaires administered at Innibos (428), Vryfees (336) and Kierieklapper (202), respectively. A factor analysis, Tukey d test and chi-square test were performed. The results indicate that the location and size of the town is not an important factor regarding the impact an event has on the town and the region. Findings that were meaningful included that small, medium type arts festivals differ from each other and also from larger arts festivals in a number of ways. The travel motives revealed four factors, namely: Family and arts; Meet new people; Productions and uniqueness and Escape. The latter was the most significant travel motive and this information can be used in future marketing exercises of arts festivals in different locations – to escape one’s own province and immediate surroundings.http://www.ajhtl.com/uploads/7/1/6/3/7163688/artcile_20_vol._3_1.pd
Decentring the Individual Subject: The Perpetual Recycling of the Narrating “I” in David Mitchell’s Ghostwritten
No full textBritish author David Mitchell’s debut novel Ghostwritten, published in 1999, has been lauded for its innovative nine-part structure, in which each chapter is presented as a first-person narrative that involves, each time, a different narrator with a different story. Mitchell himself describes this arrangement as a way to “locate meaning in randomness [...] Each chapter offers a different reason why its events unfold as they do” (Begley 2010: 5). Such a postmodern concern with randomness is evident when the ostensible self-sufficiency of the individual account is undermined by the arbitrary, often mysterious (re)appearance of one or the other narrator as character in another’s story. Interestingly, these surprise appearances, of what could be called the “experi-encing other”, work to undermine the centrality of the narrator’s story – of what could be called the “master narrative”. This destabilisation is compounded in characteristic postmodern fashion by the continual displacement of the narrating “I” from one chapter to the next. Thus, while the “I” remains – or seems to remain – a constant throughout, the individual subject is ceaselessly recycled as the experiencing other in different guises; it is a process that apparently denies the formation of an individual identity, thus ratifying the postmodern anxiety about the end of individuality. However, as I argue in this article, it is precisely this continual recycling that affords the decentred subject a chance at individuality. In a telling deconstructive gesture, Mitchell’s novel bypasses the transcendental Subject to allow a space in which the plural subject can claim its identity, paradoxically, as a singular entity.
Opsomming
Die Britse skrywer David Mitchell se debuutroman Ghostwritten, gepubliseer in 1999, word geag vir sy innoverende nege-ledige struktuur, waar elke hoofstuk aangebied word as ’n eerste-persoons vertelling wat elke keer ’n ander verteller met ’n eie storie behels. Mitchell self beskryf hierdie samestelling as ’n poging om sin te vind midde verwarring: “Each chapter offers a different reason why its events unfold as they do” (Begley 2010: 5). So ’n postmoderne belang in ewekansigheid kom na vore wanneer die oënskynlike selfgenoegsaamheid van ieder vertelling ondermyn word deur die arbitrêre, telkens onverklaarbare herverskyning van die een of ander verteller as ’n karakter in ’n ander se verhaal. Beduidend hierin is hoe hierdie onverwagse manifestasies van die “ervarende ander” werk om die sentralitiet van die verteller se storie – overgesetsynde die meesternarratief – te ondermyn. In tipiese postmoderne fatsoen word sulke destabilisering verder verdiep deur die voortdurende verplasing van die vertellende “Ek” van een hoofstuk tot die volgende. Aldus, onderwyl die “Ek” deurgaans konstant blyk te wees, word die individuele subjek onophoudelik hersirkuleer as die “ervarende ander” agter verskillende fasades; hierdie proses ontsê skynbaar die vorming van ’n individuele identiteit om sodoende die postmoderne angstigheid rakende die einde van individualiteit te bekragtig. In hierdie artikel word egter aangevoer dat so ’n aanhoudende hersirkulering eweneens neerkom op ’n herwinningsaksie, waardeur die gedesentraliseerde subjek ’n kans op individualiteit gebied word. In ’n veelsprekende dekonstruktiewe gebaar omseil Mitchell se roman die transendentale Subjek om plek te maak vir die plurale subjek om, paradoksaal, ’n identiteit as enkelvoudige entiteit op te neem
