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Evaluasi Kapasitas Dan Tingkat Pelayanan Gerbang Tol Kuningan 2 Pada Ruas Jalan Tol Cawang-Tomang, Jakarta Selatan
Full text linkJalan Tol adalah jalan umum yang merupakan bagian dari sistem jaringan jalan dan sebagai jalan nasional yang pengendaranya diwajibkan untuk membayar tol. Salah satu jalan tol yang sangat berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan dan kestabilan ekonomi adalah jalan Tol Cawang-Tomang. Fungsi jalan tol harus memberikan fasilitas berupa kelancaran arus kendaraan tanpa hadirnya hambatan, maka untuk mewujudkan arus bebas hambatan yang sempurna jalan tol harus memiliki tingkat pelayanan minimal yang mencakup kondisi jalan tol, kecepatan tempuh rata-rata, aksesibilitas, mobilitas dan keselamatan. Faktor yang mempengaruhi terjadinya kemacetan di jalan tol salah satunya adalah kondisi dan kapasitas jalan tol itu sendiri dan juga proses antrian di gerbang tol. Pada Gerbang Tol Kuningan 2 kenyataannya sering sekali terjadi antrian yang panjang menyebabkan kemacetan pada kedua jalan yang mengakses gerbang tol tersebut, yaitu Jl. Kapten Tendean dan Jl. Gatot Subroto.
Untuk menciptakan akses tol yang bebas hambatan, maka perlu diteliti dan dikaji tentang permasalahan – permasalahan yang ada, apakah sudah memenuhi standar yang diperlukan. Standar yang dimaksud adalah Standar Pelayanan Minimal (SPM). SPM adalah ukuran yang harus dicapai dalam pelaksanaan penyelenggaraan jalan tol. Kepala Badan Pengatur Jalan Tol (BPJT) Kementerian PUPR Danang Parkesit menyatakan, target pelaksanaan konstruksi MLFF dimulai pada tahun 2021. Sistem Multi Lane Free Flow (MLFF) ini akan meniadakan antrian pada gerbang tol maka dari itu perlu dikaji kapasitas dari tiap lajur pada gerbang tol dengan sistem MLFF ini untuk mendapatkan kapasitas dan tingkat pelayanan yang maksimal dari gerbang tol tersebut.
Dengan melihat adanya permasalahan seperti yang sudah dijelaskan diatas maka, penulis mengambil judul Tugas Akhir ini untuk mengevaluasi antrian yang terjadi pada gerbang tol. Metode antrian FIFO digunakan untuk menganalisis tingkat kedatangan, tingkat pelayanan dan panjang antrian yang terjadi pada gerbang tol dan metode analisis kapasitas jalan PKJI digunakan untuk mengetahui kapasitas gerbang tol MLFF.
Dari hasil analisis didapatkan kesimpulan bahwa gerbang tol Kuningan 2 memiliki jumlah antrian sebanyak 599 kendaraan dengan waktu pelayanan sebesar 12 detik dari tingkat kedatangan yang terjadi. Untuk tingkat kedatangan yang terjadi pada gerbang tol didapatkan sebesar 1198 kendaraan/jam dengan sebesar 628,5 kendaraan/jam pada Gate 1 dan sebesar 569,5 kendaraan/jam pada Gate 2. Dari tingkat kedatangan yang terjadi maka Gerbang tol Kuningan 2 belum memenuhi persyaratan kapasitas gerbang tol. Untuk tingkat pelayanan didapatkan waktu pelayanan rata-rata gerbang tol sebesar 4 detik/kendaraan yang sudah memenuhi persyaratan tingkat pelayanan gerbang tol. Untuk jumlah gardu didapatkan perlunya penambahan sebanyak 2 GTO secara tandem pada gerbang tol Kuningan 2. Untuk gerbang Multi Lane Free Flow pada gerbang tol Kuningan 2 didapatkan kapasitas sebesar 1033,1 skr/jam/lajur dengan volume kendaraan yang terjadi sebesar 671,506 skr/jam/lajur.
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Toll roads are public roads that are part of the road network system and as a national road whose drivers are required to pay tolls. One of the toll roads that is very influential on economic growth and stability is the Cawang-Tomang Toll Road. The function of the toll road must provide facilities in the form of a smooth flow of vehicles without the presence of obstacles, so to realize a perfect barrier-free flow the toll road must have a minimum level of service which includes toll road conditions, average travel speed, accessibility, mobility and safety. One of the factors that influence the occurrence of congestion on toll roads is the condition and capacity of the toll road itself and also the queuing process at toll gates. The Kuningan 2 Toll Gate which is located in the Cawang-Tomang toll area or the Jakarta Inner Ring Road is very influential on economic stability for the area because many office centers and shops in the area depend on smooth operation. But in reality there are often long queues causing congestion on the two roads that access the toll gate, namely Jl. Kapten Tendean and Jl. Gatot Subroto.
To create an obstacle-free toll road access, it is necessary to research and study the existing problems, whether they meet the required standards. The standard in question is the Standar Pelayanan Minimal (SPM). Standar Pelayanan Minimal (SPM) is a measure that must be achieved in the implementation of toll road operations. The Head of the Toll Road Regulatory Agency (BPJT) of the PUPR Ministry, Danang Parkesit, stated that the target for the MLFF construction to start in 2021. Then the implementation will gradually begin in 2022 with a scheme of 50% of the total substations at toll gates will be used by MLFF, while 50% is used for users who make conventional non-cash payments. This Multi Lane Free Flow (MLFF) system will eliminate queues at toll gates, therefore it is necessary to study the capacity of each lane at toll gates with this MLFF system to obtain maximum capacity and service levels from these toll gates. By looking at the problems as described above, the author takes the title of this Final Project to evaluate the queues that occur at toll gates. The FIFO queuing method is used to analyze the arrival rate, service level and queue length that occurs at toll gates and the PKJI road capacity analysis method is used to determine the capacity of the MLFF toll gate.
From the results of the analysis that has been carried out, it can be concluded that the Kuningan 2 toll gate has a queue of 599 vehicles on a service time of 12 seconds from the arrival rate that occurs. The arrival rate that occurs at the toll gate is 1198 vehicles/hour with 628.5 vehicles/hour at Gate 1 and 569.5 vehicles/hour at Gate 2. From the arrival rate, the Kuningan 2 toll gate does not meet the toll gate capacity requirements. For the level of service, the average service time of the toll gate is 4 seconds/vehicle that has met the requirements of the toll gate service level. For the number of booths, it is necessary to add 1 automatic toll booth at the Kuningan 2 toll gate. For the Multi Lane Free Flow gate at the Kuningan 2 toll gate, a capacity of 1033.1 skr/hour/lane is obtained with the volume of vehicles occurring at 671.506 skr/hour/lane
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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