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Nutritional, functional property and bioactive components of the leaf products from edible vegetables | Propiedad nutritiva y funcional y componentes bioactivos de los productos de la hoja de vegetales comestibles
Get PDFLeaf meal, protein and residues were produced from fresh leaves of Amaranthus spinosus, Amaranthus viridis, Telfairia occidentalis, Vernonia amygdalina, Bidens pilosa, Cnidoscolus aconitifolius, Manihot spp and Basella alba L and characterized for their proximate composition and some bio-active components. The leaf protein concentrate (LPC) in
addition were characterized for their functional properties while three LPC with the highest crude protein (CP) content were analyzed for their amino acid profile and compared with FAO recommended pattern. Leaf meals (LM) contained on the average 16.25% ash (8.47–23.97%; CV%: 32.30), 24.96% crude protein (11.85 – 33.87%; CV%: 30.40), 9.94% crude fat
(CF) (6.34 – 17.41%; CV%: 33.95) and 12.22% crude fibre (CFi) (5.73–18.45%; CV%: 32.33). In LPC products, the CP increased by 17.49-41.98%, CF by 11.82-35.73% while Cfi decreased by 24.38 – 83.71%. About 45 g of LPC from Manihot spp, 69g from T. occidentalis and 52 g of C. aconitifolius could be consumed to meet the 26g/d plant protein recommended by FAO. The LPC was limiting in methionine (1.41 - 1.62g16 g-1N; CV% of 6.94) and cystine (0.79 - 1.26 g 16 g-1N, CV%
of 23.48) suggesting that any dietary formulation involving these LPC would need supplemental methionine. Water absorption capacity ranged from 200.02-390.03% while the oil absorption capacity varied: 60.74- 117.50%. The foaming capacity, foaming stability, emulsion capacity, emulsion stability and least gelation concentration averaged 6.31, 2.24 45.02, 51.73 and 5.84%, respectively. Fractionation could enhance the nutritive potentials of these vegetables and make them serve
as possible protein food alternatives for well known plant proteins in regions where proteins are in short supply.
Key words: Nutritional property, functional property, bioactive compounds, leafy vegetables
RESUMEN
Se produjeron harina de hojas, proteínas y residuos a partir de hojas frescas de Amaranthus spinosus, Amaranthus viridis, Telfairia occidentalis, Vernonia amygdalina, Bidens pilosa, Cnidoscolus aconitifolius, Manihot spp y Basella alba L y se caracterizó por su composición proximal y algunos componentes bio-activos. El concentrado de proteína de hojas (CPH) además se caracterizó a través de sus propiedades funcionales, mientras que los tres CPH con el mayor contenido de proteína cruda (PC) se analizaron para determinar el perfil de aminoácidos y se compararon con el patrón recomendado de
la FAO. Los alimentos de las hojas (AH) tuvieron en promedio 16,25% de cenizas (8,47 a 23,97%, CV%: 32,30), 24,96% de PC (11,85 a 33,87%, CV%: 30,40), 9,94% de grasa cruda (GC) (6,34 - 17,41%, CV%: 33,95) y 12,22% de fibra cruda (FC) (5,73 a 18,45%, CV%: 32,33). En los productos del CPH, la PC aumentó en un 17,49 a 41,98%, GC por 11,82 a
35.73%, mientras que la FC disminuyó en un 24,38 a 83,71%. Aproximadamente 45 g de CPH de Manihot spp, 69 g de T. occidentalis y 52 g de C. aconitifolius podrían ser consumidos para satisfacer la proteína vegetal de 26g /d recomendada por la FAO. EL CPH fue limitante en metionina (1,41 a 1,62 g 16g-1N, CV% de 6,94) y cistina (0,79 a 1,26 g 16 g-1 N, CV% de 23,48) lo que sugiere que cualquier formulación de la dieta que incluyan éstos CPH necesitarían suplementos de metionina.
La capacidad de absorción de agua varió de 200,02 hasta 390,03%, mientras que la capacidad de absorción de aceite varió de 60,74 a 117,50%. La capacidad de formación de espuma, la estabilidad de la formación de espuma, la capacidad emulsionante, la estabilidad de la emulsión y la menor concentración de gelificación promediaron 6,31; 2,24; 45,02; 51,73 y 5,84%, respectivamente. El fraccionamiento pudiera mejorar el potencial nutritivo de estos vegetales y ponerlos al servicio
como posibles alternativas de alimentos proteicos para las proteínas vegetales bien conocidas en las regiones donde las proteínas son escasas.
Palabras clave: Propiedad nutricional, propiedad funcional, compuestos bioactivos, hortalizas de hoj
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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