1,721,007 research outputs found
Consumers’ Shoe Preference: Domestic versus Imported Leather Shoes: Case Study in Addis Ketema Sub-City, Ethiopia
Get PDFThis study designed to indicate consumers shoe preference: domestic versus imported leather shoes. Specifically, to indicate how consumers evaluated both domestic and imported leather shoes interms of product quality, style and price, to examine to what extent these factors influenced the consumers’ shoe choice in Addis Ketema sub-city shoe market. In order to achieve its objectives the researcher gathered data from 180 leather shoe consumers in Addis Ketema shoe market through open and close-ended questionnaires. The data were analyzed through help of statistical package for social science and micro soft excel software. The findings revealed that the imported leather shoe were superior in comfortability, fashionability and range of variety. But, Domestic leather shoes had competitive advantage interms of durability and price. The study also indicated that quality, style, price, friends and culture as the major factors influenced the consumers’ shoe preference. Keywords: consumer’s preference, leather shoe, Addis Ketem
Infill city: An urban renewal strategy for housing in Addis Ketema
No full textAddis Ababa is undergoing rapid and radical changes due to population growth and urbanisation. This forces the government to respond to the cities needs, for now mainly on infrastructure and housing. Also Addis Ketema, an inner city neighbourhood known for its commerce and market, is under pressure of development. These changes have proven to be a thread for local communities and micro-economies that exist in these informal settlements, where people inventively produce goods in self built and extended dwellings. On the other hand these changes bring opportunities to improve living conditions. But current solutions for housing, mainly in the form of condominiums, have proven not to be sufficient in terms of preservation of social networks and the adaptability and appropriation of the apartments. The design proposal intervenes on a small scale according to historical plot division to provide an urban backbone. This secures the current urban pattern without disrupting it. Next to that it gives freedom for other developments to take place within the set boundaries by the design proposal. This creates a diverse and vibrant part of the city. The building blocks consist of a support structure with brick cores, in which the piping, bathrooms and kitchens are located, and a concrete skeleton providing structural safety. In this support structure public space and street connections are secured. This support on its turn provides freedom for the dwellings that are in it. Different combinations can be made, varying from a relatively big dwelling with a shop downstairs to two small studio spaces sharing the support facilities of bathroom and kitchen. This concept of providing a more permanent support giving freedom for adaptability for the dwelling infill is present in the materialisation as well; the support is made of brick and concrete while the floors and walls of the infill is mainly made of bamboo and cement screed.Architecture and DwellingArchitectureArchitecture and The Built Environmen
Exploring Selected Maternity Service Utilization among Homeless Mothers in Addis Ketema Sub-City, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Descriptive Phenomenological Qualitative Study
No full textBackground: - Homeless mothers who become pregnant are least prepared economically and
emotionally to care for their infants. They usually lack gainful employment, as a result live in an
unstable conditions and lead an economically hardship life. In addition, the problem to pregnant
mothers is compounded by either lack of access or inadequate utilization of health care services
before and during childbirth due to various factors. This study tried to address and understand the
experiences of homeless mothers in relation to institutional delivery service utilization.
Objective: - To explore the phenomena and experiences to selected maternity service utilization
among homeless mothers who gave childbirth in the last 12 months in Addis Ketema Sub-city,
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Methodology:-A descriptive qualitative phenomenological study was conducted among
homeless mothers who gave childbirth in the last 12 months prior to the study and midwives
working in Addis Ketema Sub-City health centers. In-depth interview was conducted with 25
homeless mothers mainly from and around churches and mosques. Time-location and purposive
sampling technique were used to get homeless mothers. In-depth interview also was conducted
with 5 midwives by using purposive sampling technique from the health centers located in Addis
Ketema Sub-City of Addis Ababa City Administration. A semi structured questionnaire was used
to collect data and the collected data and the in-depth interviews were tape-recorded, transcribed
and then the transcripts were analyzed by using a thematic analysis method. The open code
software version 3.4 was used for coding and categorization.
Result: - Homeless mothers’ experience showed that barriers to antenatal care and institutional
delivery service utilization resulted from themes categorized as socio-economic, socio-cultural
and cognitive reasons. The major barriers identified from these categories include lack of
knowledge, priority for begging and house hold chores, lack of constant income, community
negative beliefs and sense of insecurity.
Conclusion and Recommendation: - An understanding of health care experiences from the
homeless mothers’ perspectives should guide the actions to address the cognitive, socio-cultural
and socio-economic barriers
Evaluation of noise pollution in educational institutes of Addis Ketema sub city in Addis Ababa administration
Get PDFNowadays, along with air pollution and water pollution, noise pollution also hits public life and
creates problems for a normal life. The noise level should be in the range of 35 dB (A) to 55 dB
(A) in and around an educational institute. The measurements taking on the noise levels in dB
(A) with the help of a mobile application of Noise Level Meter (Decibel X) and by questionnaire
supplied to students, teachers, and officials. The paper concludes by outlining some current
WHO standards for classrooms. The noise assessment conducted during morning (7:00 to 11:00
am), and afternoon (1:00 to 5:00 pm) of the working day from the survey Addis ketema general
secondary school and Raguel general secondary school had highest rate of noise.
Almost in all measurement points, noise values exceeded 55 dB (A), the limit value according to
WHO standard noise control regulation except Dagimaw Brihan KG and primary school and
Dilachin general and secondary school that had recorded 47.75dB(A) and 55.25dB(A) average
value respectively. The analyzed result clearly shows that the rate of the noise level Addis
Ketema sub-city, in all four schools (in and out) is very high and not suitable for the teachinglearning process. The main sources of noise pollution in these school environments are surface
transportation noise (from “aytobis tere” bus station, taxes, min bus….) and people passing,
miscellaneous sources like noise from loud advertisement, loud music commercial area &
business sectors etc. Although there are proclamations dealing with public nuisance in the
country‟s constitution dating as back as 1997 the question of why no one is doing anything about
it remains unanswered. Some improvements are suggested to reduce the noise such Shutting the
class doors and window during the teaching period, and planting trees or grasses as the barrier
around the school area
Incidence and Predictors of Cervical Cancer Among Women Living with HIV/AIDS in Addis Ketema Sub-city in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Get PDFIntroduction: Due to limited access to prevention and treatment services, the cervical cancer trend is increasing in developing countries. There is inadequate information on the incidence and predictors of Cervical Cancer among women living with HIV/AIDS in Addis Ketema Sub-city. Objectives: To assess the incidence and predictors of Cervical Cancer among women living with HIV/AIDS in Addis Ketema Sub-city in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Methods: Facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among women with HIV/AIDs in the Addis ketema sub-city from September to October 2022. A covenant sampling technique will be employed. A total of 373 Women with HIV/AIDs screened for cervical cancer were included. Data were coded, cleaned, and entered into SPSS version 25 for analysis. Results: The overall incidence of cervical cancer was 16 (7.6%). Overall 64 (17.2%) women had good knowledge about cervical; cancer and its prevention strategies. The majority of respondents 237 (63.5%) have a positive attitude. About two-thirds of women 244 (65.4%) were screened for cervical cancer. More than one-half of women were screened by self-initiation 123 (50.4%) followed by offered by health professionals 121 (49.6%). Having primary school complete educational status, Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.198) when compared with college and above, screening offered by health professionals, AOR = 4.453 when compared to self-initiation were positive, having good knowledge about cervical cancer screening and prevention strategies AOR = 0.475 were independently associated with the incidence of cervical cancer. Conclusion: The prevalence of cervical cancer screening and knowledge about screening and prevention strategies was low. More than seven out of a hundred women screened have confirmed and or suspected cervical cancer. Therefore, all relevant stakeholders should work on awareness creation programs. Further research should be conducted to investigate other factors that contribute to the presence of cervical cancer by involving more strong methods. Work plan and budget: This study will be conducted from September 1 to October 2022. A total of 27,759.60 Birr will be required for this study. Keywords: Women living with HIV/AIDs, Incidence of Cervical Cancer, Addis ketema sub-city DOI: 10.7176/JMPB/73-03 Publication date: January 31st 2023
Assessment of Magnitude and Factors Associated With Fullimmunization Coverage in Children Aged 12-23 Months in Addis Ketema Sub-City, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
No full textBackground: Child immunization is one of the most cost-effective public health interventions for reducing child morbidity and mortality. In order to control and eliminate the vaccine preventable diseases it is important to know the vaccination coverage and reasons for non-vaccination. Inadequate levels of immunization against childhood diseases remain a significant public health problem in resource-poor areas of the globe. Nonetheless, the reasons for incomplete vaccination and non-uptake of immunization services are vary from place to place. This study aimed at finding out the reasons for incomplete vaccination of children in 12-23 months of age in Addis Ababa, Addis Ketema Sub- city, Ethiopia.
Objectives: To determine full immunization coverage and the predictors that influence the complete immunization of children among 12-23 months of age.
Methods: Across-sectional community based study was conducted by using the revised 2005 WHO-EPI coverage cluster survey manual, from February 2013 to March 2013 in Addis Ketema Sub-City of Addis Ababa city administration.. A sample of 585 children between 12-23 months from 40 clusters in the sub-city were surveyed. Pre-tested structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Data were entered into computer using EPI-Info version 3.5.1 then bivariate and multivariate analysis was done using SPSS statistical software version 16. 0
Results Seventy three percent of the children in Addis Ketema sub-city were fully immunized. Occupation of the mother (AOR=0.22, 95% CI: 0.13,0.51), postnatal care follow up (PNC) (AOR=1.85, 95% CI: 1.10, 2.90) , knowledge about objective of vaccination (AOR=2.39, 95% CI: 1.01, 5.63), knowledge about start age of immunization (AOR=2.17, 95% CI: 1.26, 3.67), knowledge about number of session required to complete routine immunization (AOR=1.61, 95% CI: 1.09, 2.41), Place of delivery (AOR=2.26, 95% CI: 1.38, 3.67), were the independent predictors of full vaccination among children aged 12-23 months.
Conclusions. Women with health seeking behavior were found to have their children fully immunized. And also knowledge of mother about immunization of children and socio-demographic characteristics of mother had association with full immunization of children. Significant number (3.2%) of children in this survey had not been vaccinated at all. The low full immunization coverage documented in this study among children particularly for measles vaccination during routine EPI program was found low
Assessment of Sanitary Condition of Food Catering Establishments in Addis Ketema sub-City, Addis Ababa City Administration
No full textBackground: Food borne illnesses are prevalent in all parts of the world. However, number of related problems keep food borne diseases at high levels within the African Region, the root cause is poverty, which exacerbates food safety problems in many ways and contributes to unsanitary conditions in rapidly growing urban centers, lack of access to clean water, unhygienic transportation and storage of foods. Just like many other African countries, food borne illnesses are prevalent in Ethiopia and the loss of human life and suffering is enormous. Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the sanitary condition of food catering establishment in Addis Ketema Sub-City, Addis Ababa City Administration. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted from March to April 2014 at different Food catering establishments in Addis Ababa city Administration Addis Ketema Sub-City selected by using Stratified random sampling method followed by population proportion to size allocation. Three hundred fifty two establishments were enrolled in this study. Microbiological tests of food utensils were conducted using standard laboratory procedures. The collected data was cleaned and entered by developing a template using Epi info 3.5.3 and the sanitary condition of food catering establishments were analyzed by using SPSS version 16 Software. Results: Latrine facilities were available in 297 (84.6%) catering food establishments. However, the toilets were not separately constructed from kitchen room. 234 (66.7%) of the kitchens had access to running tap water inside the facility. Conventional types of sinks fixed with running tap water were available in 245(69.8%) of the catering food establishments. Of the examined food utensils for bacteriologic content. Staphylococcus aureus were found in 14(36.8%), Escherichia Coli in 6 (15.8%) and 4(10.5%) Shigella species were found from the swabbed utensils Conclusion and recommendation: The sanitary condition of catering food establishments in the study area were found to have poor sanitation and were not fulfil the requirements of catering food establishments. Appropriate regular inspection of food catering establishment should be strengthening by regulatory body Sub-City and Woreda health to the fulfilment of catering food establishments to acceptable sanitary conditions
Exploring Crime and Its Modus Operandi in Addis Ketema, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Get PDFThis study was conducted with the intention of exploring crime and its modus operandi in Addis Ketema, Ethiopia. It employed exploratory research design and a qualitative research approach. Data were collected through in-depth interview, key informant interview and focus group discussion. The data were analyzed by using thematic analysis technique. The study showed that the types of crimes usually committed against the victims were burglary, larceny; snatching, battery, robbery and physical injury have been committed predominantly. The criminals usually look at the situation, season, time of the crime considering that committed an action works against victims by studying and looking at the potential victim's overall cautions. In this regard, victims were exposed for crime incidents because of their geographical proximity, social proximity, physical proximity, attractiveness, vulnerability or accessibility to the criminals as well as the victims’ reactions towards the commission of crime and sometimes due to the techniques and methods, the criminals used that is an unthinkable manner and beyond the victims’ ability to defend. Modus operandi that the criminal used to commit crimes against the victims were collision with the victims, scrolling, deception, relies on seasons of the annual year and vulnerability situations of the potential victims in the study area. The criminals have used various techniques to commit crime in different times by bringing new and latest techniques that are unthinkable by the police and victims. Oftentimes, victims exposed to crime and criminal acts because the potential victims did not learn a lesson from other victims and their prior victimization experiences
Evaluation on the Effect of Parking Problems on Transportation System in Addis Ababa: Case Study in Addis Ketema Sub- City
No full textParking is the act of stopping and disengaging a vehicle and leaving it unoccupied.
These days, parking is a major challenge in different sub cities of Addis Ababa. Among
Addis Ababa sub-cities, Addis ketema sub-city where, public circulation is one of the most
obvious problems, and parking seems to be an overlooked element of transportation
development. Sites of activities such as market centers, shops, churches, mosques, offices,
schools, and similar places often generate huge parking demands, and increase the
parking problems in the sub-city.
Thus, the main objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of parking problems in
Addis Ababa, Addis ketema sub-city. The study also seek to identify the effectiveness of
parking utilization to enable the parking spaces to accommodate a large number of
vehicles and the effect of on-street parking on travel time.
The study used the License plate method of parking survey for both on street and offstreet parking surveys. These have been done for two days, one from the weekday Friday
and one from the weekend Saturday from 9:00AM-5:00PM. The existing parking
conditions were analyzed using Ms-excel. The relationships of utilized parking spaces to
the available parking capacity were developed by SPSS software. The effects of on-street
parking on travel time have been also analyzed using vissim simulation modeling
software in two different situations one by considering roadside parking and the other by
removing roadside parking.
Based on the findings the average parking occupancy of off-street and on-street parking
was 90% and 80% respectively. However, off-street parking turnover is lower than onstreet parking. This means the average parking duration of off-street parking were about
4hr per vehicle while the average parking duration of on-street parking were 2hr per
vehicle. Using linear regression analysis, the relationship developed between utilized
parking spaces and the available parking capacity of off-street and on-street parking
show that parking spaces have been nearly full utilization of available capacity. The total
average segment delay of total duration along the road segment due to roadside parking
P4, P5 and P6 were 7.29, 12.01 and 25.95 seconds per vehicle respectively.
Lastly, the intervention through fare rate and time-restriction parking will improve the
parking turnover and roadside parking would be shifted to off-street parking to improve
the transportation system of the sub-city. Formulating parking control enforcement also
to access the space, provide a clearway allowing the parking lane to be used as a through
lane where peak hour traffic volumes exceed the available lane capacity
Finansal yönetim uygulamalarının mikro ve küçük işletmelerin büyüme ve gelişmeleri üzerine etkisi (Addis Ketema belediyesi, Addis Ababa, Etiyopya)
No full textÇeşitli çalışmalara göre, finans eksikliği, gelişmekte olan ülkelerde Mikro ve Küçük İşletmeler'in (MKİ) en baskın kısıtı olarak gözükmektedir. Bu nedenle, bu işletmelerin geliştirmek için finansal kaynağın yönetimi kritik öneme sahiptir. Bunu göz önünde bulundurarak bu çalışma finansal yönetim uygulamasının MKI'lerin büyümesi ve gelişmesi üzerindeki etkisini değerlendirmeyi amaçlamıştır. Araştırmacı, veri toplamayı kolaylaştırmak amacıyla çalışmanın coğrafi kapsamı Addis Ketema belediyesi, Addis Ababa, Etiyopya olarak seçti. Çalışma, birincil ve ikincil veri kaynaklarını kullanmıştır. Anket verileri, özenle tasarlanmış bir soru formülü aracılığıyla 146 MKİ sahiplerinden / yöneticisinden elde edilmiştir. Bu MKİ'ler, tekstil ve konfeksiyon, gıda işleme ve metal & ahşap işleri olmak üzere 3 ana sektörden orantılı olarak seçilmiştir. Bireysel numune birimleri kolayda örneklem yöntemi olarak adlandırılan olasılık dışı bir örnekleme tekniği kullanılarak seçilmiştir.. Ayrıca, hedef popülasyonu 896 olduğundan, çalışmayı yürütmek için gereken örnek büyüklüğünü belirlemek için bir formül uygulanmıştır. Veri toplandıktan sonra, Betimsel ve Açıklayıcı bir veri analizi yöntemi uygulandı. Genel özellikleri ve değişkenleri tanımlamak için merkezi eğilim ölçüleri kullanılırken, değişken istatistik araçları özellikle Regresyon analizi ve Pearson korelasyon katsayısı değişkenler arasındaki etki ve ilişkileri ölçmek için uygulanmıştır. Buna göre, finansal yönetim ile büyüme ve gelişme arasında güçlü bir ilişki bulunmasına rağmen, MKİ'lerin performansını güçlü bir şekilde etkileyen zayıf finansal yönetim uygulaması gözlenmiştir
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