117,494 research outputs found
HRR profile estimation using SLIM
No full textIn this study, authors address high-range-resolution (HRR) profile reconstruction, when stepped-frequency waveforms are eventually used to maintain a narrow instantaneous bandwidth, resorting to the sparse learning via iterative minimisation (SLIM) paradigm, a regularised minimisation approach with an l(q)-norm constraint (for 0 < q <= 1), providing a variant to the original method. Particularly, the proposed method resorts to the regularised maximum-likelihood estimation paradigm including a term promoting the sparsity of the profile and related to the l(q)-norm of the vector containing the scatterers' reflectivities. A priori information on the interference power level is also accounted for, at the design stage, and, assuming that each range cell under test contains at most one scatterer, the actual active scatterers composing the target are determined by exploiting the Bayesian information criterion (BIC). BIC is also used to automatically select the optimised q, so as to make the procedure adaptive with respect to q. Once the location of the active scatterers has been determined, a least-squares approach is also used to obtain even more precise HRR reconstruction. Furthermore, an efficient algorithm to define optimised frequency hopping patterns, in the presence of a continuous and coordinated feedback between the transmitter and receiver, is presented and assessed. The carried out analysis shows that the SLIM-based procedure presents higher accuracy in the HRR profile recovery than other widely used techniques, i.e. the iterative adaptive approach (IAA). Moreover, results demonstrate that the target range profile estimation capabilities are enhanced, both for SLIM and IAA, when the cognitive paradigm is employed
Costi
No full textSpesso, parlando di migrazioni si fa riferimento ai costi che i paesi nei quali i migranti sono diretti sostengono per accogliere i migranti. Ma quali sono i costi della accoglienza? Quali i costi del chiudere l’accesso ai migranti? E quali i costi per chi intraprende il percorso della migrazione sia nel caso sia accolto che sia respinto?
In questo saggio si cerca di rispondere ad alcune di queste domande
Periodic dynamics in queuing networks
No full textThis paper deals with state-dependent open Markovian (or exponential) queuing networks, for which arrival and service rates, as well as routing probabilities, may depend on the queue lengths. For a network of this kind, following Mandelbaum and Pats, we provide a formal definition of its associated fluid model, and we focus on the relationships which may occur between the network stochastic dynamics and the deterministic dynamics of its corresponding fluid model, particularly focusing on queuing networks whose fluid models have global periodic attractors
Electronicaly motorized mechanical arm designed for the acquisition of serial B-scan ultrasonography images
No full textMeasuring interoception from infancy to childhood: A scoping review
No full textBackground: Interoception is the ability to perceive, understand, and respond to internal bodily signals. Despite its importance, our knowledge of interoceptive abilities in the early stages of development remains limited. Delays or atypical patterns in interoceptive development may serve as early indicators of potential developmental psychopathology. Thus, assessing interoception in infancy and early childhood is essential for advancing our understanding of both typical and atypical developmental pathways. Objective: This scoping review summarises existing evidence regarding interoception from infancy to childhood and identifies the most common methods for assessing interoception in neurotypical pediatric populations. Design: A literature review was performed through a robust search of three scientific databases. Results: Among 663 studies, 24 articles met the inclusion criteria. The most commonly used methods in infancy were looking-time paradigms and brain-based implicit measures, such as Heart-Evoked Potentials (HEP). Researchers predominantly used child-adapted versions of Heart Tracking Tasks (HTT) for preschool-aged children. The primary methods for investigating interoceptive abilities among school-aged children included HTTs and self-report measures. Only one study used fMRI to examine mind-body connections in childhood, while two relied on parent reports. Conclusions: This review offers a comprehensive overview of past and current methods for measuring interoception in the literature. It highlights the strengths and limitations of existing methodologies and presents recommendations to enhance our understanding of interoception in early human development
Reddito di cittadinanza e quota 100. L’impatto sul lavoro
No full textIn questo saggio si analizza l’impatto sul lavoro delle due politiche contenute nel d.l. 28 gennaio 2019, n. 4, Disposizioni urgenti in materia di reddito di cittadinanza e di pensioni. Le variabili rispetto alle quali si analizzano i risultati delle analisi empiriche e dati di fonte amministrativa sono sia la possibilità effettiva di beneficiare della misura che il livello di occupazione tenendo conto di effetti scoraggiamento e incentivanti e di possibili sostituzioni fra diversi gruppi della popolazione attiva. Si valuta in particolare l’impatto della flessibilità in uscita in termini di potenziali beneficiari e di tasso di occupazione e si analizza l’impatto del Reddito di cittadinanza con riferimento alla sua componente di politica attiva, volta a incentivare l’attività lavorativa e l’inclusione non trascurando anche gli elementi che disincentivano l’offerta di lavoro. In entrambi i casi si adotta una prospettiva di genere ponendo in evidenza il diverso impatto delle due policies su uomini e donne
Il caso Tetra Pak Carton Ambient
No full textTetra Pak Carton Ambient costituisce per la ricerca complessiva sulla qualità del lavoro in provincia di Modena un caso significativo per diversi elementi. La presenza nell’ente di politiche che favoriscono la conciliazione fra tempi di vita e di lavoro, l’adozione di sistemi innovativi di gestione del personale e di accordi contrattuali con riferimento alla gestione dei tempi, alla variabilità retributiva e alle forme non standard di lavoro. L’indagine sulla qualità del lavoro al suo interno quindi potrebbe fornire spunti di riflessione su come queste politiche possano influire su diverse dimensioni della qualità del lavoro ricostruite sia utilizzando indicatori oggettivi che le valutazioni soggettive espresse dai lavoratori e dalle lavoratrici che hanno preso parte all’indagine
A Unified Theory of Adaptive Subspace Detection. Part II: Numerical Examples
No full textThis paper is devoted to the performance analysis of the detectors proposed in the companion paper (Orlando et al., 2022) where a comprehensive design framework is presented for the adaptive detection of subspace signals. The framework addresses four variations on subspace detection: the subspace may be known or known only by its dimension; consecutive visits to the subspace may be unconstrained or they may be constrained by a prior probability distribution. In this paper, Monte Carlo simulations are used to compare the detectors derived in (Orlando et al., 2022) with estimate-and-plug (EP) approximations of the generalized likelihood ratio (GLR) detectors. Remarkably, some of the EP approximations appear here for the first time (at least to the best of the authors' knowledge). The numerical examples indicate that GLR detectors are effective for the detection of partially-known signals affected by inherent uncertainties due to the system or the operating environment. In particular, if the signal subspace is known, GLR detectors tend to ouperform EP detectors. If, instead, the signal subspace is known only by its dimension, the performance of GLR and EP detectors is very similar. Actually, there does not exist a general rule for recommending the first-order approach with respect to the second-order one and vice versa. Nevertheless, the analysis contains a specific case where the second-order detectors can outperform the first-order detectors
Measuring the capability of living a healthy life with fuzzy logic in a gender perspective
No full textThe capability of living a healthy life can be considered a key dimension in the construction of individual well-being. It is itself the outcome of a complex sets of indicators including also subjective indicators. This paper measures health at individual level by using fuzzy logic to keep the complexity of its definition while providing a crisp indicators of the level of health that can be disaggregated in the relevant intermediate variables. The system has been implemented on Italian Istat survey on health conditions and the results show a higher gender inequality in the level of health than it can be obtained by using traditional techniques to measure health. We do find that controlling for age, still women are characterized by poorer health conditions. Data disagggregated by area show variability in the outcome that can be connected to the different policies enacted across regions
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