745 research outputs found
The role of the accused in English and Islamic criminal justice
No full textThis thesis is a comparative study of the role of the accused in the systems of
English and Islamic criminal justice. It seeks to explore the underlying
relationship between the individual and the state through an historical, structural
and contextual analysis of their rules relating to questioning and of confessions.
The analysis of the English system covers the period 1800 to 1984, with
particular reference to developments during the nineteenth century when the
foundations for the modern English state were established. The analysis of the
Islamic system combines traditionally Islamic and modern methods, assessing the
"Islamisation" movement in Malaysia through a religico-structural understanding
of juristic opinion from the four main schools of Sunnite jurisprudence.
The thesis contributes to existing knowledge on a number of levels: first, it
questions and revises the "myth" of "progress" that has dominated observations
of the history of the English criminal justice system; second, it elucidates the
relationship between Islamic law in theory and the law that is applied and
proposed in its name in Muslim states; third, it provides an analytical framework
for drawing comparisons between the underlying values of the systems of English
and Islamic criminal justice.
While acknowledging fundamental differences in terms of outlook and
articulation, the author concludes there are important similarities expressed
through such notions as "suspect" in the English system and "kafir"I"fasiq" in the
Islamic. These act as intermediate constitutional categories to whom the state
owe less protection. But the author notes also that these similarities are not
observed necessarily in the "law" which is implemented or proposed in Muslim
states; exact correspondence depends upon the over-arching political structure
and the institution of Caliphate.
The thesis is divided into six chapters: chapter one sets out the conventional view
of the historical development of English criminal procedure and evidence;
chapter two subjects that to a critique and chapter three offers a revised thesis.
Chapter four, explores methods for interpreting and explaining Islam; chapter
five sets out rules relating to confessions and questioning according to the four
Sunni schools; chapter six puts them into "context" through an examination of
the "Islamisation" process in Malaysia
Corrigendum to “An empirical investigation of resource curse hypothesis for cobalt” [Resour. Pol. (2022) 102843]
No full textThe authors regret The author Muhammad Ibrahim Shah has used the affiliation (c). “Department of Resource Economics and Environmental Sociology (REES), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada” in this publication. However, since this work was not part of Muhammad Ibrahim Shah's thesis and not part of the work he does at the University of Alberta and no professors or supervisors from University of Alberta was involved in this paper, rather it was the result of his own personal interests, the author would like to remove the affiliation of the University of Alberta from this publication and replace it with the following affiliation: “Independent researcher, Edmonton, Canada”. He would like to replace his University email [email protected] with personal email: [email protected]. The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused
Shining Gold in Praise of Prophet Muhammad (P.B.U.H.)
No full textAs explained by the manuscript holder, the original author wrote the manuscript during one of his many stays in northern Nigeria where he had Sufi followers and friends. He used paper provided to him by the Directopr's office at the Alfa Umaru Ibrahim Institute (Northern Nigeria). The manuscript is the original handwritten by Sheikh Muhammad Al-Ghāli Ibn Sheikh Al-Hajj Muhammad Al-Amin Ba of Pate Galo (Senegal). It is a praise poem on the life of Prophet Muhammad (SWA). The manuscript is subdivided in seven parts. Part one deals with the birth, upbringing and unique character of Muhammad. Part two addresses how Muhammad obtained and carried his call of prophethood, and his exile to Madina (today's Saoudi Arabia). This part ends with the prophet’s stay at Mount of Hirā. Part 3 starts with Prophet Mohammad’s journey towards Madina from Mount Hira. His entrance to Madina and how the people of Madina welcomed him and how he established a Muslim community. Part 4 touches on Muslim wars against the non-Muslims up to their victory over Makka and its surrounding areas. This part also talks of the messages that prophet Muhammad sent to the various kings in the Arabian Peninsula. Part five is the Prophet's final pilgrimage and his Farewell Sermon. Part 6 describes the prophet as a person with miracles. Part 7 and 8 praise the prophet and provide guidance on how to connect with him.Comme l'explique le gardien du manuscrit, l'auteur original l'a écrit au cours de l'un de ses nombreux séjours dans le nord du Nigéria où il avait des adeptes et des amis soufis. Il a utilisé du papier qui lui avait été fourni par le bureau du directeur général de l'Institut Alfa Umaru Ibrahim (nord du Nigéria). Le manuscrit est l'original redigé par Cheikh Muhammad al-Ghāli Ibn Cheikh Al-Hajj Muhammad Al-Amin Ba de Pate Galo (Sénégal). C'est un poème de louange sur la vie du prophète Muhammad (SWA). Le manuscrit est subdivisé en sept parties. La première traite de la naissance, de l'éducation et du caractère unique de Muhammad. La deuxième partie explique comment Mohammed a obtenu et réalisé son appel à la prophétie et son exil à Madina (aujourd'hui en Arabie saoudienne). Cette partie se termine par le séjour du prophète au mont Hirā. La troisième partie commence par le voyage du prophète Muhammad vers Madina depuis le mont Hira. Son entrée à Madina et comment les gens de Madina l'ont accueilli et comment il y a créé une communauté musulmane. La quatrième partie traite des guerres saintes contre les non-musulmans jusqu'à leur victoire sur Makka et ses environs. Cette partie parle également des messages que le prophète Muhammad a envoyés aux différents rois de la péninsule arabique. La cinquième partie traite du dernier pèlerinage du prophète et de son sermon d'adieu. La partie 6 décrit le prophète et ses grand miracles. Les parties 7 et 8 louent le prophète et expliquent comment entrer en contact avec lui
WEB-BASED HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM A CASE STUDY OF IBRAHIM BADAMASI BABANGIDA UNIVERSITY HEALTH CARE CENTRE, LAPAI, NIGER STATE
No full textHospitals are the essential part of our lives, providing best medical facilities to people suffering from various ailments, which may be due to change in climatic conditions, increased work-load, emotional trauma stress. It is necessary for the hospitals to keep track of its daily activities and records of its patients, doctors, nurses, and other staff personals that keep the hospital running smoothly and successfully. But keeping track of all the activities and their records on paper is very tedious and prone to error. Also, it is very inefficient and a time-consuming process Observing the continuous increase in population and number of people visiting the hospital. Recording and maintaining all these records is highly unreliable, inefficient and prone to error. It has also been observed that patient records tend to be duplicated and sometimes unavailable at critical time when it is required for emergencies. It is also not economically and technically feasible to maintain these records on paper, this paper proposed the use of Web-based Hospital Management Information System in automation of the Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University Lapai Health care Centre
Waka Al-Ḥaqqu
No full textThe entire manuscript is available for download as a single PDF file. Higher-resolution images may
be available upon request. For technical assistance, please contact [email protected]. Fieldwork Team: Dr. Mustapha Hashim Kurfi (Principal Investigator), Malam
Umar Hajji Mustapha (Local Project Manager) and Abdullahi Mohammed (General Field Facilitator).
Technical Team: Prof. Fallou Ngom (Director African Studies Center), and Eleni Castro (Technical Lead, BU Libraries). This collection of Yoruba Anjemi materials are copied as part of the African Studies Center’s African Ajami Library. Access Condition and Copyright: These materials are subject to copyright. All rights reserved to the author. For use, distribution or reproduction contact Professor Fallou Ngom ([email protected]). Citation: Materials in this web edition should be cited as: Kurfi, Mustapha Hashim, Ngom, Fallou, and Castro, Eleni (2019). African Ajami Library: Digital Preservation of Yoruba Anjemi Materials of Southwestern Nigeria. Boston: Boston University Libraries: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/38122. For Inquiries: Please contact Professor Fallou Ngom ([email protected]).Provenance and Condition: This Yoruba Anjemi manuscript is owned by the Markaz Ihyahil Islam Abayawo, Ilorin – Nigeria, an institution which propagates, teaches, and popularizes Yoruba Anjemi knowledge. This manuscript is 12 pages long, and all the pages are numbered using Arabic numerals. It is in good condition and has the name of the translator, al-Ḥājj Ibrahim bn al-Ḥājj Abubakar Yusuf, with the date of publishing (1423 A.H.).This manuscript titled Al-Ḥaqqu bi Al-Ḥaqqi fi Madḥi Sāḥib Al-Ḥaqqi, also known as Waka Al-Ḥaqqu (The Truth with the Truth in Praising the Truthful One) is a short pocket-sized book of poems, proclaiming the truthfulness and glory of Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him. Waka is a generic name for poems eulogizing the Prophet, and various tags are attached to the particular one in question. This one is Waka al-Ḥaqqu. Written in Yoruba Anjemi, using the standard Mashriqi style of writing, the author, Al-Ḥājj Ibrahim as-Sufi opens with a concise introduction in Arabic, setting the stage for the poem. Then he goes on to rhapsodize about the truthful nature of Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah. Famous among the Yoruba Muslim communities, it is mostly chanted during prayer groups, Islamic functions, and other gatherings. Pupils in Islamiyya schools, women in their walimat, and men are all acquainted with the Waka al-Ḥaqqu.The contents of this collection were developed with support of the Title VI National Resource Center grant # P015A180164 from the U.S. Department of Education. However, those contents do not necessarily represent the policy of the U.S. Department of Education, and you should not assume endorsement by the Federal Government
THE TEACHINGS OF IBRAHIM IN JUDAISM AND ISLAM
No full textIbrahim is the father of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. The three religions have experienced debate on several issues and fought in several battles. One way to break the wall that stands around them is to know the origin of the three religions. In this case, Ibrahim is a figure recognized by each of these religions. Then it is necessary to have further study of Abraham to elaborate the similarities and differences of the three religions. The story of Ibrahim himself still inspires adherents of all three religions to be good Jews, Christians and Muslims. But researchers only focused on two religions, Judaism and Islam. Because Abraham’s teachings in Judaism and Islam were more integrated into the concept of monotheism that there was only one God worthy of worship and opposition to all kinds of paganism and polytheism. This research is aimed to find out more about teachings of Ibrahim in Judaism and Islam as well as to explore fundamental things in each religion which are then linked to the point of similarities and differences. This research is a type of qualitative research in the form of literature using the theological approach. The method that the researcher uses is analysis, descriptive, and comparative techniques, the technique is a study based on data, analyzes, and interprets comparative and correlative things. This will be applied when the author builds a basic view of Abraham’s Theology in Judaism and Islam and analyzes several points in Abraham’s teachings between them by looking for points of similarity and difference. This research is generally based on the history of mankind, then focuses on the study of the Bible (Old Testament) and the Holy Qur’an in which the results are compared and assessed by the reader. In the context of the teachings inherited by Abraham, there are differences that often trigger conflicts between the two religions. Among the teachings of the prophet Abraham which are clearly displayed in both religions are Circumcision, Sacrifice, and Hajj.In the end, the authors conclude that the fundamental difference between the two is caused by different ways of receiving inherited teachings from Prophet Ibrahim. historically, Prophet Ibrahim called upon his people according to what God revealed to him. It was the changes in the Torah and the Old Testament which made the teachings of Prophet Ibrahim in both religions no longer in line. Another case in Islam that believes that the teachings of Abraham were perfected by the last prophet, namely Muhammad SAW and the Qur’an, the Muslim holy book is as a complement to the previous books. Finally, the researcher realized that in this research there are many weakness in several aspects. Therefore, the researcher suggest the readers and researchers in future to complete the shortage in this research in order to obtain the great result in academic aims
The ‘Second Journey’ (Al-Rihla al-thaniya) of Muhammad al-Muwaylihi’s Hadith ͑Isa Ibn Hisham Revisited
No full textIn this chapter, the author discusses the second part of Muhammad al-Muwaylihi's Hadith ʻIsa Ibn Hisham, the ‘second journey’ (Al-Rihla al-thaniya). The author published his Oxford DPhil thesis of 1968, a translation and commentary on Hadith ʻIsa Ibn Hisham, in book form upon the suggestion of Mustafa Badawi. It appeared in 1992 as A Period of Time (Fatra min al-zaman). Later in the 1990s another Egyptian scholar, Gaber Asfour, requested the author to prepare for publication the complete works of Muhammad al-Muwaylihis and his father Ibrahim. These also appeared in Cairo in 2002 and 2007 respectively. The author first provides a background on al-Muwaylihi's ‘first journey’ in Hadith ʻIsa Ibn Hisham before turning to Al-Rihla al-thaniya, al-Muwaylihi's account of his visit to Paris.</p
A Glimpse into the Scholarly Works of Sheikh Muhammad Hayat Sindhi
No full textSindh is considered to be the first region of the subcontinent where the light of Islam illuminated the land.This region has produced numerous scholars who gained renown throughout the Islamic world. Among these luminaries was Sheikh Muhammad Hayat bin Ibrahim Sindhi (d. 1163 A.H.), a prominent Islamic scholar, jurist, and prolific author affiliated with the Hanafi School of jurisprudence. Sheikh Hayat Sindhi was celebrated as one of the leading experts in Hadith, jurisprudence, and various other Islamic disciplines, including Islamic literature. Born in Sindh, Sheikh Hayat Sindhi received his early education from his father. He later traveled to Thatta, where he studied under renowned scholars such as Muhammad MoinThattavi. Seeking advanced knowledge in Islamic disciplines, he migrated to theHaramainSharifain, andeventually settled in Madinah.There he began teaching at Masjid al-Nabawi and dedicated himself to teaching hadith for 24 years. Sheikh Hayat Sindhi authored numerous books on diverse topics related to Islamic studies and the social issues facing Muslim societies. His works, renowned among Islamic scholars, are imbued with wisdom, etiquette, and ethical values derived from the Qur’an, Hadith, jurisprudential insights of eminent scholars, and intellectual reasoning. This study provides a concise biography of Sheikh Hayat Sindhi and examines his contributions across various fields of Islamic knowledge. It also reflects an admiration and appreciation for the profound impact of his scholarly works
Mada'in Salih, a Nabataean town in north west Arabia: analysis and interpretation of the excavation 1986-1990
No full textThis research concerns Mada'in Salih, an archaeological site in north-west Saudi Arabia. Historically, it was part of the Nabataean kingdom which flourished in northwest Arabia (Jordan, parts of Syria, Palestine and some parts of Saudi Arabia), with Petra in Jordan as its capital. The Nabataeans were famous for their trading role, as they transported frankincense and myrrh and exported balsam and bitumen. They built monumental tombs in Petra and Mada'in Salih as well as other public buildings such as temples theatres and baths. They were also famous for their skills in hydraulic engineering and the production of very thin, distinctively painted pottery. Mada'in Salih was an important station on the trade route which linked south Arabia with Mediterranean countries. The main feature of the site is the monumental tombs, which are about eighty in number, some of them dated and bearing inscriptions. Those inscriptions are in Aramaic and usually contain information about the owner name, legal rights, and occasionally the mason's name. Little was known about the site's history and other aspects such as the economy, culture, society and religions prior to the excavation. Various questions were raised which the thesis attempts to address. The archaeological work conducted on the site included a survey, several trenches around the town wall and in front of some of the tombs as well as an excavation in the settlement area. The excavation revealed a private house which furnished us with information regarding house planning, building techniques and materials. A large amount of pottery, small finds and coins were recovered, studied and classified. The results added some information to what was already known about the Nabataeans in general and Mada'in Salih in particular. The site had witnessed its peak during the first century A.D. As most previous archaeological work had been carried out in the northern parts of the Nabataean kingdom, the results of this excavation are important for comparative studies between this, the largest Nabataean settlement centre in the south, to the centres of the north. The trade which had been an important factor in the establishment of the site declined when the trade route was shifted from land to sea by the Romans during the last half of the first century A.D
Saudara Radhaah menurut Muhammad Al-Ghazali perspektif teori Maqasid Al-Syariah Imam Syatibi
No full textABSTRAK
Asi adalah kebutuhan pokok yang tidak bisa ditunda (dharuriat) pasca bayi lahir. asal menyusui anaknya bagi seorang ibu hukumnya adalah sunnah, menjadi wajib jika ayah tidak mampu memberi upah kepada orang lain. fenomena sebagian ibu kandung berudzur dalam memberikan persusuannya kepada anak. Alternatif memberikan hak radha’ah kepada orang lain tentu menjadi solusi tepat bagi ibu kandung. kadar radha’ah dengan jumlah tertentu secara hukum islam akan megubah status kemahraman sibayi. menurut muhammad al-ghazali saudara radha’ah disandarkan pada terjadinya persusuan bukan kepada kadar atau jumlah hitungan tertentu. menganalisis sebuah fatwa meggunakan teori maqasid as-syariah adalah langkah yang tepat, hal ini sudah dilakukan oleh para ilmuwan islam terdahulu hingga sekarang.
Berdasarkan persoalan diatas, maka penelitian ini membahas tentang metode muhammad al-ghazali dalam menetapkan kadar radha’ah kemudian dipandang dalam persepektif maqasid syari’ah imam syatibi. sebagai sinkronisasi, pendapat muhammad al-ghazali dengan konsep maqasid al-syari’ah. penelitian ini termasukt jenis library research ( kepustakaan) dengan pendekatan deskriptif-analitis.
hasil dari penelitian ini adalah: muhammad al-ghazali dalam menentukan kadar radha’ah, didasari dengan metode kritik matan hadis kadar radha’ah minimal lima kali penysusuan. ada empat langkah dalam menguji matan hadis radha’ah :pertama, pengujian dengan al-qur’an, ke-dua, pengujian dengan hadis, ke-tiga, pengujian dengan sejarah, ke-empat, pengujian dengan kebenaran fakta ilmiah. dalam perspektif maqasid al-syari’ah imam syatibi, pendapat muhammad al-ghazali tidak memenuhi kriteria lima penjagaan daruriat al-khamsah, walaupun penulis hanya menerapkan tiga kaidah saja: hifdzun al-din, hifdzun nasab, hifdzun aql. berdasarkan maqâshid ada lima cara untuk mengoperasionalkan ijtihad, yaitu: pertama, memahami tujuan dari teks-teks dan hukum. kedua, mengumpulkan antara kulliyât al-âmmah dan dalil-dalil khusus. ketiga, mujtahid wajib mempertimbangkan dalil-dalil parsial untuk menghadirkan kulliyât al-syarî'ah keempat, jalbu al-mashâlih wa dar’u al-mafâsid (mendatangkan kemashlahâtan dan mencegah kerusakan). kelima, dengan mempertimbangkan akibat suatu hukum (i'tibâr al-maâlât). dari kelima langkah minimal dikerucutkan dua langkah pokok dalam menetukan ijtihad: jalbu al-mashâlih wa dar’u al-mafâsid mutlaqa’n. dan i’tibâr al-maâlât (mempertimbangkan akibat suatu hukum).
ABSTRACT
Breast milk is a basic need that cannot be postponed (dharuriat) after the baby is born. i) as long as breastfeeding her child for a mother is a sunnah, it becomes obligatory if the father is unable to provide wages to others. the phenomenon of some birth mothers in giving their milk to their children. the alternative of giving radha'ah rights to others is certainly the right solution for biological mothers. the level of radha'ah with a certain amount according to islamic law will change the status of the mahram of the baby. according to muhammad al-ghazali, radha'ah is based on the occurrence of breastfeeding, not on a certain level or number of counts. analyzing a fatwa using the maqasid as-shariah theory is the right step, this has been done by previous islamic scientists until no.
based on the problems above, this study discusses the method of muhammad al-ghazali in determining the level of radha'ah then viewed from the perspective of maqasid syari'ah imam syatibi. as a synchronization, muhammad al-ghazali's opinion with the concept of maqasid al-syari'ah. this research is a type of library research (library) with a descriptive-analytical approach.
the results of this study are: muhammad al-ghazali in determining the level of radha'ah, based on the method of criticism of the hadith, the level of radha'ah at least five times. there are four steps in testing the matn of radha'ah hadith: first, testing with the qur'an, second, testing with hadith, third, testing with history, fourth, testing with the truth of scientific facts. in the perspective of imam syatibi's maqasid al-syari'ah, muhammad al-ghazali's opinion does not meet the criteria of five daruriat al-khamsah safeguards, although the author only applies three rules: hifdzun al-din, hifdzun nasab, hifdzun aql. based on maqâshid there are five ways to operationalize ijtihad, namely: first, understand the purpose of the texts and the law. second, collecting between kulliyât al-âmmah and specific arguments. third, the mujtahid must consider partial arguments to present kulliyât al-syarî'ah. fourth, jalbu al-mashâlih wa dar'u al-mafâsid (bringing goodness and preventing damage). fifth, by considering the consequences of a law (i'tibâr al-maâlât). of the five steps, at least two main steps are narrowed in determining ijtihad: jalbu al-mashalih wa dar'u al-mafâsid mutlaqa'n. and i'tibâr al-maâlât (considering the consequences of a law).
مستخلص البحث
لبن الأم حاجة أساسية لا يمكن تأجيلها بعد ولادة الطفل. ط) ما دامت إرضاع ولدها لأم سنة ، وجبت إذا عجز الأب عن أجرة غيره. ظاهرة قيام بعض الأمهات بإعطاء حليبهن لأطفالهن. إن البديل عن إعطاء حقوق الرضا للآخرين هو بالتأكيد الحل الصحيح للأمهات البيولوجيات. إن مستوى الرضا بمقدار معين وفق الشريعة الإسلامية يغير من منزلة محرم المولود. ووفقًا لمحمد الغزالي ، فإن الرضاعة مبنية على حدوث الرضاعة الطبيعية ، وليس على مستوى معين أو عدد من التهم. إن تحليل الفتوى باستخدام نظرية مقاصد الشريعة هو الخطوة الصحيحة، وقد قام بذلك علماء مسلمون سابقون حتى الآن.
بناء على المشاكل المذكورة أعلاه ، تناقش هذه الدراسة منهج محمد الغزالي في تحديد مستوى الرضاعة ثم عرضها من منظور مقاصد الشريعة الإمام الشاطيبي. تزامن رأي محمد الغزالي مع مفهوم المقاصد الشريعه. هذا البحث هو نوع من البحوث المكتبية (المكتبة) مع منهج وصفي-تحليلي.
ونتائج هذه الدراسة هي: محمد الغزالي في تحديد مستوى الرضا ، بناء على منهج نقد الحديث ، مستوى الرضا خمس مرات على الأقل. هناك أربع خطوات في اختبار متن الحديث النبوي: أولاً: الاختبار مع القرآن ، وثانيًا ، والاختبار بالحديث ، والثالث ، والاختبار مع التاريخ، والرابع ، واختبار حقيقة الحقائق العلمية. من منظور مقاصد الإمام الصياطيبي ، فإن رأي محمد الغزالي لا يفي بمعايير الضمانات الخمس من درية الخمسة ، على الرغم من أن المؤلف يطبق ثلاثة قواعد فقط: حفظ الدين ، حفظ النساب ، حفظ العقل. بناءً على المقاصد ، هناك خمس طرق لتفعيل الاجتهاد ، وهي: أولاً ، فهم الغرض من النصوص والقانون. ثانياً: الجمع بين كلية الأمة والحجج النوعية. ثالثًا ، يجب على المجتهد أن يأخذ في الاعتبار الحجج الجزئية لتقديم كلية السيرة ، ورابعًا ، جلب الخير ودرع المفسد. خامساً: النظر في نتائج القانون. من بين الخطوات الخمس ، تم تضييق خطوتين رئيسيتين على الأقل في تحديد الاجتهاد: جلب المصالح ودرء المفاسد واعتبارالمعلات
- …
